Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Birth
Of Jesus: Holy Child DVD MP4 Download USB Flash Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25: Christmas Day: -- An annual
festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ, observed
primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration
among billions of people around the world, occurs. A feast central
to the Christian liturgical year, it is preceded by the season of
Advent or the Nativity Fast and initiates the season of
Christmastide, which historically in the West lasts twelve days
and culminates on Twelfth Night; in some traditions, Christmastide
includes an octave. Christmas Day is a public holiday in many of
the world's nations, is celebrated religiously by a majority of
Christians, as well as culturally by many non-Christians, and
forms an integral part of the holiday season centered around it.
The traditional Christmas narrative, the Nativity of Jesus,
delineated in the New Testament says that Jesus was born in
Bethlehem, in accordance with messianic prophecies. When Joseph
and Mary arrived in the city, the inn had no room and so they were
offered a stable where the Christ Child was soon born, with angels
proclaiming this news to shepherds who then further disseminated
the information. Although the month and date of Jesus' birth are
unknown, the church in the early fourth century fixed the date as
December 25. This corresponds to the date of the winter solstice
on the Roman calendar. Most Christians celebrate on December 25 in
the Gregorian calendar, which has been adopted almost universally
in the civil calendars used in countries throughout the world.
However, some Eastern Christian Churches celebrate Christmas on
December 25 of the older Julian calendar, which currently
corresponds to a January date in the Gregorian calendar. For
Christians, believing that God came into the world in the form of
man to atone for the sins of humanity, rather than knowing Jesus'
exact birth date, is considered to be the primary purpose in
celebrating Christmas. The celebratory customs associated in
various countries with Christmas have a mix of pre-Christian,
Christian, and secular themes and origins. Popular modern customs
of the holiday include gift giving; completing an Advent calendar
or Advent wreath; Christmas music and caroling; viewing a Nativity
play; an exchange of Christmas cards; church services; a special
meal; and the display of various Christmas decorations, including
Christmas trees, Christmas lights, nativity scenes, garlands,
wreaths, mistletoe, and holly. In addition, several closely
related and often interchangeable figures, known as Santa Claus,
Father Christmas, Saint Nicholas, and Christkind, are associated
with bringing gifts to children during the Christmas season and
have their own body of traditions and lore. Because gift-giving
and many other aspects of the Christmas festival involve
heightened economic activity, the holiday has become a significant
event and a key sales period for retailers and businesses. The
economic impact of Christmas has grown steadily over the past few
centuries in many regions of the world. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: A 78 RPM
Christmas Song MP3 MegaSet CD, Audio Download, USB Stick
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25: Christmastide (Christide,
Christmastime, The 12 Days Of Christmas, The Twelve Days Of
Christmastide, Twelvetide): -- The Twelve Days Of Christmas, the
festive Christian season celebrating the Nativity of Jesus, begins
on Christmas Day, The First Day Of Christmas. The Twelve Days are
December 25 to January 5. The Octave, or Eighth Day, is New Year's
Day and The Feast Of The Circumcision, the day Jesus was
circumcised according to the faith. The evening of the last day is
Twelfth Night or Epiphany Eve, the next morning being Epiphany.
For Christian denominations such as the Anglican Communion or the
Lutheran Church, the Twelve Days are identical to Christmastide.
For the Roman Catholic Church, however, Christmastide lasts
longer, running through The Feast Of The Baptism Of The Lord or
Theophany, January 6 the feast day commemorating the baptism of
Jesus in the Jordan River by John the Baptist. For some, the
Twelve Days are considered December 26 to January 6, thus
including Epiphany. [The article referenced below at 3 does not
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: An Old
Time Radio Christmas MP3 Set DVD, Audio Download, USB Stick
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25: A'Phabet Day (No "L"
Day): -- Celebrated on Christmas Day as a word play on the word
'Noel,' which is intrinsically linked to the idea of Christmas, it
means "to be born," and is used by the French. The day
is meant for pun enthusiasts across the world. Puns have been
around for eons, used by people across the globe to entertain each
other and lighten moods. A pun, or 'paronomasia,' is a form of
wordplay that "exploits multiple meanings of a term, or of
similar-sounding words, for an intended humorous or rhetorical
effect." Puns have been around for eons, across the globe,
languages, genders, and ages. The earliest evidence of puns came
from ancient Egypt, where they were used to interpret dreams and
describe myths. Circa 300 B.C. in China, Shen Dao used puns to
describe the power held by the king. He stated that the king has
power ('shi') because of his position. In Mesopotamia, as far back
as 2500 B.C., puns were used to represent words in cuneiform. The
"Tanakh" also contains puns. The Mayans were known to
use puns in their hieroglyphic writing, along with utilizing them
in modern languages. In Tamil, 'Sledai' is used to mean pun with
different meanings. 'Slesha' is the equivalent Telugu word. The
ambiguities invoked by puns are a result of the intentional use of
homophonic (similar sounds), homographic (same spellings),
homonymic (words that are both homophones and homographs), or
figurative language. Puns are used in comedy, literature,
rhetoric, and design. A'Phabet Day or No "L" Day is
celebrated on December 25 each year. The day uses a pun to
reference Christmas Day! The name of the holiday is a play on the
word 'Noel,' which is intrinsically linked to the idea of
Christmas and means 'to be born,' and is used by the French to
reference the holiday. Though opinions on the, rather unabashed,
pun are divided - the day is meant for pun enthusiasts across the
world. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Laurel And
Hardy Documentaries Set MP4 Video Download Or DVD
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25: Christmastide (Christide,
Christmastime, The 12 Days Of Christmas, The Twelve Days Of
Christmastide, Twelvetide): Christmas Day: The Annual March Of The
Wooden Soldiers Broadcast: -- A holiday staple, this film was
shown by many television stations in the United States during the
Thanksgiving/Christmas holiday season, each year, during the 1960s
and 1970s. In New York City, it continues to run (as of 2025) on
WPIX as March of the Wooden Soldiers, airing on that station in
the daytime on Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. It also runs
nationally, on occasion, on This TV, as well as Turner Classic
Movies.[16] Babes in Toyland is a Laurel and Hardy musical
Christmas film released on November 30, 1934. The film is also
known by the alternative titles Laurel and Hardy in Toyland,
Revenge Is Sweet (the 1948 European reissue title), and March of
the Wooden Soldiers (in the United States), a 73-minute abridged
version. Based on Victor Herbert's popular 1903 operetta Babes in
Toyland,[2] the film was produced by Hal Roach, directed by Gus
Meins and Charles Rogers,[3] and distributed by
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. There are two computer-colorized versions
between The Samuel Goldwyn Company in 1991 and Legend Films in
2006. Although the 1934 film makes use of many of the characters
in the original play, as well as several of the songs, the plot is
almost completely unlike that of the original stage production. In
contrast to the stage version, the film's story takes place
entirely in Toyland, which is inhabited by Mother Goose (Virginia
Karns) and other well-known fairy tale and nursery rhyme
characters. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Christmas
At War WWII And Vietnam War MP3 Set CD, Download, USB Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25: National Pumpkin Pie Day: --
The symbol of the harvest season in fall and the dessert passed
around most at the Christmas table gets its special day on
National Pumpkin Pie Day, December 25. Featuring a pie shell base
filled with pumpkin custard, pumpkin pies are garnished and served
with various spices like cinnamon, nutmeg, and ginger. If you
missed out on celebrating National Pumpkin Day around Halloween,
now is the time to make up for it! While it is uncertain how
National Pumpkin Pie Day celebrations started, pumpkin pie itself
has quite a rich history. The name originates from the Greek word
'pepon', meaning 'large melon'. This was adopted by the French as
'pompon' and was eventually changed into 'pumpion' by the English.
The first pilgrims who settled in the Plymouth Colony may have
made a sort of pumpkin pie. With the pumpkins brought to them by
Native Americas, the first settlers were able to make a pumpkin
custard using milk, honey, and spices. This is also what led to
the serving of the pumpkin pie at the first Thanksgiving ever. In
1651, famous French Chef Francois Pierre de la Varenne published
one of his most important French cookbooks, "Le Vrai
Cuisinier Francois" (The True French Cook). This was
translated into English in 1653 and featured a recipe for pumpkin
pie under the name 'Tourte of Pumpkin'. Recipes for 'pumpion pie'
made their way into English cookbooks by the 1670s. Experimental
recipes lessened, and a more defined version started appearing,
with the inclusion of spices. Other optional ingredients included
raisins, apples, and currants. But in 1796 the pumpkin pie really
took shape when "American Cookery" was authored and
published by American orphan Amelia Simmons. It was the first of
its kind to contain recipes more suited to American tastes and had
a recipe for pumpkin pudding, which is baked in a crust. It was
similar to the pumpkin pie we eat today. Nowadays, the recipe
inspirations for pumpkin pie are endless, thanks to Pinterest and
other sources. A staple dessert on Halloween, Thanksgiving, and
Christmas, pumpkin pie really is the perfect holiday treat. On
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Images Of
Jesus: Visual Art Representations Of Jesus DVD MP4 USB Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 336: Religion: The History
Of Religion: Abrahamic Religions: Christianity: The History Of
Roman Catholicism: Christmas: -- The church in Rome begins
formally celebrating Christmas on December 25 in 336, during the
final months of the reign of the first Christian Roman Emperor
Constantine. As Constantine had made Christianity the effective
religion of the empire, some have speculated that choosing this
date had the political motive of weakening the established pagan
celebrations. The date was not widely accepted in the Eastern
Empire, where January 6 had been favored, for another
half-century, and Christmas did not become a major Christian
festival until the 9th century. Though Christmas is celebrated by
a majority of Christians on December 25 as it appears in the
Gregorian calendar, early Christians did not celebrate his birth,
and no one knows on which date Jesus was actually born; some
scholars believe that the actual date was in the early spring,
placing it closer to Easter, the holiday commemorating his
Resurrection. The origins of the holiday and its December date lie
in the ancient Greco-Roman world, as commemorations probably began
sometime in the 2nd century. There are at least three possible
origins for the December date. The Roman Christian historian
Sextus Julius Africanus dated Jesus' conception to March 25 (the
same date upon which he held that the world was created), which,
after nine months in his mother's womb, would result in a December
25 birth. In the 3rd century, the Roman Empire, which at the time
had not adopted Christianity, celebrated the rebirth of the
Unconquered Sun (Sol Invictus) on December 25th. This holiday not
only marked the return of longer days after the winter solstice
but also followed the popular Roman festival called the Saturnalia
(during which people feasted and exchanged gifts). It was also the
birthday of the Indo-European deity Mithra, a god of light and
loyalty whose cult was at the time growing popular among Roman
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Triumph Of
The West 13 Part TV Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 800 (Old Style; January 4,
801 New Style): The Carolingian Empire (The Holy Roman Empire):
The Carolingian Dynasty (The Carolingian Monarchy, The
Carlovingians [Carolingus, Carolings, Karolinger, Karlings]): Holy
Roman Emperors (Emperors Of The Romans, German-Roman Emperors):
Coronations: The Coronation of Charlemagne: -- Charlemagne, King
Of The Franks from 768 and King Of The Lombards from 774, is
crowned as The Holy Roman Emperor in Rome by Pope Leo III, uniting
thereby most of Western and Central Europe as well as becoming the
first recognised emperor to rule from the west after the fall of
the Western Roman Empire approximately three centuries earlier.
Although historians debate the coronation's significance at that
time, the title represented the height of his prestige and
authority, and his position as the first emperor in the West in
over 300 years brought him into conflict with the Eastern Roman
Empire in Constantinople. Charlemagne's reign was marked by
political and social changes that had lasting influence on Europe
throughout the Middle Ages and in a multitude of ways on through
to the modern era. As king and emperor, Charlemagne engaged in a
number of reforms in administration, law, education, military
organisation, and religion, which shaped Europe for centuries. The
stability of his reign began a period of cultural activity known
as the Carolingian Renaissance. Through his assumption of the
imperial title, he is considered the forerunner to the line of The
Holy Roman Emperors, which persisted into the nineteenth century.
The Holy Roman Emperor was the ruler of what it and the Roman
Catholic Church considered to be The Holy Roman Empire, the legal
successor of the old Roman Empire, during the Middle Ages and the
early modern period. Charlemagne was born on April 2, 742.
Numbered Charles I, he united much of western and central Europe
during the early Middle Ages. He was the first recognised emperor
to rule from western Europe since the fall of the Western Roman
Empire three centuries earlier. The expanded Frankish state that
Charlemagne founded is called the Carolingian Empire. He was later
canonized (made a saint) by the pope. Charlemagne was the eldest
son of Pepin the Short and Bertrada of Laon, having been born
before their canonical marriage. He became king in 768 following
his father's death, initially as co-ruler with his brother
Carloman I. Carloman's sudden death in December 771 under
unexplained circumstances left Charlemagne as the sole, undisputed
ruler of the Frankish Kingdom. He continued his father's policy
towards the papacy and became its protector, removing the Lombards
from power in northern Italy and leading an incursion into Muslim
Spain. He campaigned against the Saxons to his east,
Christianising them upon penalty of death and leading to events
such as the Massacre of Verden. Charlemagne reached the height of
his power in 800 when he was crowned Emperor of the Romans by Pope
Leo III on Christmas Day at Rome's Old St. Peter's Basilica.
Charlemagne has been called the "Father of Europe"
(Pater Europae),as he united most of Western Europe for the first
time since the classical era of the Roman Empire and united parts
of Europe that had never been under Frankish rule. His rule
spurred the Carolingian Renaissance, a period of energetic
cultural and intellectual activity within the Western Church. All
Holy Roman Emperors considered their kingdoms to be descendants of
Charlemagne's empire, up to the last Emperor Francis II and the
French and German monarchies. Charlemagne died in 814, having
ruled as emperor for thirteen years. He was laid to rest in his
imperial capital city of Aachen. He married at least four times
and had three legitimate sons, but only his son Louis the Pious
survived to succeed him. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Timeline
Middle Ages TV Newscast Series + Bonus MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1066 (Old Style; January 4,
1067 New Style): The English Monarchy (The Monarchy Of The Kingdom
Of England): Coronations: -- William The Conqueror, Duke of
Normandy, is crowned King Of England at Westminster Abbey, London,
after he had invaded England from France, defeated and killed King
Harold at the Battle of Hastings, and then marched on London.
William I, usually known as William The Conqueror and sometimes
William The Bastard, was born in 1028 was the first Norman King Of
England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 1087. He was a
descendant of Rollo and was Duke of Normandy from 1035 onward. His
hold was secure on Normandy by 1060, following a long struggle to
establish his throne, and he launched the Norman conquest of
England six years later. The rest of his life was marked by
struggles to consolidate his hold over England and his continental
lands and by difficulties with his eldest son, Robert Curthose.
William was the son of the unmarried Robert I, Duke of Normandy,
by his mistress Herleva. His illegitimate status and his youth
caused some difficulties for him after he succeeded his father, as
did the anarchy which plagued the first years of his rule. During
his childhood and adolescence, members of the Norman aristocracy
battled each other, both for control of the child duke and for
their own ends. In 1047, William was able to quash a rebellion and
begin to establish his authority over the duchy, a process that
was not complete until about 1060. His marriage in the 1050s to
Matilda of Flanders provided him with a powerful ally in the
neighbouring county of Flanders. By the time of his marriage,
William was able to arrange the appointment of his supporters as
bishops and abbots in the Norman church. His consolidation of
power allowed him to expand his horizons, and he secured control
of the neighbouring county of Maine by 1062. In the 1050s and
early 1060s, William became a contender for the throne of England
held by the childless Edward the Confessor, his first cousin once
removed. There were other potential claimants, including the
powerful English earl Harold Godwinson whom Edward named as king
on his deathbed in January 1066. Arguing that Edward had
previously promised the throne to him and that Harold had sworn to
support his claim, William built a large fleet and invaded England
in September 1066. He decisively defeated and killed Harold at the
Battle of Hastings on 1October 4 1066. After further military
efforts, William was crowned king on Christmas Day 1066 in London.
He made arrangements for the governance of England in early 1067
before returning to Normandy. Several unsuccessful rebellions
followed, but William's hold was mostly secure on England by 1075,
allowing him to spend the majority of his reign on the continent.
William's final years were marked by difficulties in his
continental domains, troubles with his son Robert, and threatened
invasions of England by the Danes. In 1086, he ordered the
compilation of the Domesday Book, a survey listing all the
land-holdings in England along with their pre-Conquest and current
holders. He died in September 1087 while leading a campaign in
northern France, and was buried in Caen. His reign in England was
marked by the construction of castles, settling a new Norman
nobility on the land, and change in the composition of the English
clergy. He did not try to integrate his various domains into one
empire but continued to administer each part separately. His lands
were divided after his death: Normandy went to Robert, and England
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Isaac
Newton: Portraits Of Newton DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1642 (Julian Old Style
Calendar; NS January 4, 1643): #BOTD: #HBD! Isaac Newton (d. March
31, 1727) is #born in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, England "an
hour or two after midnight". Sir Isaac Newton PRS was an
English mathematician, astronomer, theologian and physicist
(described in his own day as a "natural philosopher")
who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists
of all time and a key figure in the scientific revolution. His
book Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica ("Mathematical
Principles of Natural Philosophy"), first published in 1687,
laid the foundations of classical mechanics. Newton also made
pathbreaking contributions to optics, and he shares credit with
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz for developing the infinitesimal
calculus. Newton's Principia formulated the laws of motion and
universal gravitation that dominated scientists' view of the
physical universe for the next three centuries. By deriving
Kepler's laws of planetary motion from his mathematical
description of gravity, and using the same principles to account
for the trajectories of comets, the tides, the precession of the
equinoxes, and other phenomena, Newton removed the last doubts
about the validity of the heliocentric model of the Solar System
and demonstrated that the motion of objects on Earth and of
celestial bodies could be accounted for by the same principles.
Newton's theoretical prediction that the Earth is shaped as an
oblate spheroid was later vindicated by the geodetic measurements
of Maupertuis, La Condamine, and others, thus convincing most
Continental European scientists of the superiority of Newtonian
mechanics over the earlier system of Descartes. Newton also built
the first practical reflecting telescope and developed a
sophisticated theory of colour based on the observation that a
prism decomposes white light into the colours of the visible
spectrum. Newton's work on light was collected in his highly
influential book Opticks, first published in 1704. He also
formulated an empirical law of cooling, made the first theoretical
calculation of the speed of sound, and introduced the notion of a
Newtonian fluid. Newton was a fellow of Trinity College and the
second Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of
Cambridge. He was a devout but unorthodox Christian, who privately
rejected the doctrine of the Trinity and who, unusually for a
member of the Cambridge faculty of the day, refused to take holy
orders in the Church of England. Beyond his work on the
mathematical sciences, Newton dedicated much of his time to the
study of alchemy and biblical chronology, but most of his work in
those areas remained unpublished until long after his death.
Politically and personally tied to the Whig party, Newton served
two brief terms as Member of Parliament for the University of
Cambridge, in 1689-90 and 1701-02. He was knighted by Queen Anne
in 1705 and he spent the last three decades of his life in London,
serving as Warden (1696-1700) and Master (1700-1727) of the Royal
Mint, as well as president of the Royal Society (1703-1727). He
died in his sleep of natural causes in London, England aged 84. He
was given a ceremonial funeral, attended by nobles, scientists,
and philosophers, and was buried in Westminster Abbey among kings
and queen, the first scientist to be honored with burial theres.
Voltaire may have been present at his funeral. A bachelor, he had
divested much of his estate to relatives during his last years,
and died intestate. His papers went to John Conduitt and Catherine
Barton. After his death, Newton's hair was examined and found to
contain mercury, probably resulting from his alchemical pursuits.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: American
Revolutionary War Documentaries DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1776: The Age Of
Enlightenment (The Enlightenment, The Age Of Reason): The Age Of
Revolution: The Atlantic Revolutions: The American Enlightenment:
The American Revolution: The American Revolutionary War: George
Washington's Crossing Of The Delaware River: -- George Washington
leads 2,400 of his men across the Delaware River to conduct a
surprise raid on 1,500 British-Hessians (German mercenaries) at
Trenton, New Jersey the following day known as the Battle of
Trenton. The Hessians surrendered after an hour with nearly 1,000
taken prisoner by Washington, who suffered only six wounded
(including future president Lt. James Monroe). The victory
provided a much needed boost to the Continental Army's flagging
morale, and inspired re-enlistments. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Johnstown Flood Documentary DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1821: #BOTD: #HBD! Clara
Barton, pioneering American nurse, philanthropist, civil rights
activist, womens suffragist and humanitarian, founder of the
American Red Cross (d. April 12, 1912) is #born Clarissa Harlowe
Barton in Oxford, Massachusetts, named after the titular character
of Samuel Richardson's novel Clarissa. Clara Barton was a hospital
nurse in the American Civil War, a teacher, and patent clerk.
Nursing education was not very formalized at that time and she did
not attend nursing school, so she provided self-taught nursing
care. Barton is noteworthy for doing humanitarian work and civil
rights advocacy at a time before women had the right to vote. She
was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1973. She
was born on Christmas Day, December 25, 1821, in North Oxford,
Massachusetts and was named after the titular character of Samuel
Richardson's novel Clarissa. Her father was Captain Stephen
Barton, a member of the local militia and a selectman who inspired
his daughter with patriotism and a broad humanitarian interest. He
was a soldier under the command of General Anthony Wayne in his
crusade against the Indians in the northwest. He was also the
leader of progressive thought in the Oxford village area. Barton's
mother was Sarah Stone Barton. When she was three years old,
Barton was sent to school with her brother Stephen, where she
excelled in reading and spelling. At school, she became close
friends with Nancy Drew; she is the only known friend Barton had
as a child due to her extreme timidity. When Barton was ten years
old, she assigned herself the task of nursing her brother David
back to health after he fell from the roof of a barn and received
a severe head injury. She learned how to distribute the prescribed
medication to her brother, as well as how to place leeches on his
body to bleed him (a standard treatment at this time). She
continued to care for David long after doctors had given up. He
made a full recovery. Her parents tried to help cure her timidity
by enrolling her to Colonel Stones High School, but their strategy
turned out to be a catastrophe. Barton became more timid and
depressed and would not eat. She was brought back home to regain
her health. Upon her return, her family relocated to help a family
member: a paternal cousin of Clara's had died and left his wife
with four children and a farm. The house that the Barton family
was to live in needed to be painted and repaired. Barton was
persistent in offering assistance, much to the gratitude of her
family. After the work was done, Barton was at a loss because she
had nothing else to help with, to not feel like a burden to her
family. She began to play with her male cousins and, to their
surprise, she was good at keeping up with such activities as
horseback riding. It was not until after she had injured herself
that Barton's mother began to question her playing with the boys.
Barton's mother decided she should focus on more feminine skills.
She invited one of Clara's female cousins over to help develop her
femininity. From her cousin, she gained proper social skills as
well. To assist Barton with overcoming her shyness, her parents
persuaded her to become a schoolteacher. She achieved her first
teacher's certificate in 1839, at only 17 years old. This
profession interested Barton greatly and helped motivate her; she
ended up conducting an effective redistricting campaign that
allowed the children of workers to receive an education.
Successful projects such as this gave Barton the confidence needed
when she demanded equal pay for teaching. Barton became an
educator in 1838 and served for 12 years in schools in Canada and
West Georgia. Barton fared well as a teacher; she knew how to
handle rambunctious children, particularly the boys, since as a
child she enjoyed her male cousins' and brothers' company. She
learned how to act like them, making it easier for her to relate
to and control the boys in her care. After her mother's death in
1851, the family home closed down. Barton decided to further her
education by pursuing writing and languages at the Clinton Liberal
Institute in New York. In this college, she developed many
friendships that broadened her point of view on many issues
concurring at the time. The principal of the institute recognized
her tremendous abilities and admired her work. This friendship
lasted for many years, eventually turning into a romance. As a
writer, her terminology was pristine and easy to understand. Her
writings and bodies of work could instruct the local statesmen.
While teaching in Hightstown, Barton learned about the lack of
public schools in Bordentown, the neighboring city In 1852, she
was contracted to open a free school in Bordentown, which was the
first ever free school in New Jersey. She was successful, and
after a year she had hired another woman to help teach over 600
people. Both women were making 250 USD a year. This accomplishment
compelled the town to raise nearly 4K USD for a new school
building. Once completed, though, Barton was replaced as principal
by a man elected by the school board. They saw the position as
head of a large institution to be unfitting for a woman. She was
demoted to "female assistant" and worked in a harsh
environment until she had a nervous breakdown along with other
health ailments, and quit. In 1855, she moved to Washington D.C.
and began work as a clerk in the US Patent Office; this was the
first time a woman had received a substantial clerkship in the
federal government and at a salary equal to a man's salary. For
three years, she received much abuse and slander from male clerks.
Subsequently, under political opposition to women working in
government offices, her position was reduced to that of copyist,
and in 1856, under the administration of James Buchanan, she was
fired because of her "Black Republicanism". After the
election of Abraham Lincoln, having lived with relatives and
friends in Massachusetts for three years, she returned to the
patent office in the autumn of 1861, now as temporary copyist, in
the hope she could make way for more women in government
service.1866. On April 19, 1861, the Baltimore Riot resulted in
the first bloodshed of the American Civil War. Victims within the
Massachusetts regiment were transported to Washington D.C. after
the violence, which happened to be Barton's home at the time.
Wanting to serve her country, Barton went to the railroad station
when the victims arrived and nursed 40 men. Barton provided
crucial, personal assistance to the men in uniform, many of whom
were wounded, hungry and without any supplies other than what they
carried on their backs. She began helping them by personally
taking supplies to the unfinished Capitol Building where the young
men of the 6th Massachusetts Militia, who had been attacked in
Baltimore, Maryland, were housed. Barton quickly recognized them,
as she had grown up with some of them, and some she had even
taught. Barton, along with several other women, personally
provided clothing, food, and supplies for the sick and wounded
soldiers. She learned how to store and distribute medical supplies
and offered emotional support to the soldiers by keeping their
spirits high. She would read books to them, write letters to their
families for them, talk to them, and support them. It was on that
day that she identified herself with army work and began her
efforts towards collecting medical supplies for the Union
soldiers. Prior to distributing provisions directly onto the
battlefield and gaining further support, Barton used her own
living quarters as a storeroom and distributed supplies with the
help of a few friends in early 1862, despite opposition in the War
Department and among field surgeons. Ladies' Aid societies helped
in sending bandages, food, and clothing that would later be
distributed during the Civil War. In August 1862, Barton finally
gained permission from Quartermaster Daniel Rucker to work on the
front lines. She gained support from other people who believed in
her cause. These people became her patrons, her most supportive
being Senator Henry Wilson of Massachusetts. General William
Tecumseh Sherman deferentially said of Barton, "She ranks
me". After the First Battle Of Bull Run, Barton placed an ad
in a Massachusetts newspaper for supplies; the response was a
profound influx of supplies. She worked to distribute stores,
clean field hospitals, apply dressings, and serve food to wounded
soldiers in close proximity to several battles, including Cedar
Mountain, Second Bull Run, Antietam, and Fredericksburg. Barton
helped both Union and Confederate soldiers. Supplies were not
always readily available though. At the Battle Of Antietam, for
example, Barton used corn-husks in place of bandages. In 1863 she
began a romantic relationship with an officer, Colonel John J.
Elwell. In 1864, she was appointed by Union General Benjamin
Butler as the "lady in charge" of the hospitals at the
front of the Army of the James. Among her more harrowing
experiences was an incident in which a bullet tore through the
sleeve of her dress without striking her and killed a man to whom
she was tending. She was known as the "Florence Nightingale
of America". She was also known as the "Angel of the
Battlefield" after she came to the aid of the overwhelmed
surgeon on duty following the battle of Cedar Mountain in Northern
Virginia in August 1862. She arrived at a field hospital at
midnight with a large amount of supplies to help the severely
wounded soldiers. This naming came from her frequent timely
assistance as she served troops at the battles of Fairfax Station,
Chantilly, Harpers Ferry, South Mountain, Antietam,
Fredericksburg, Charleston, Petersburg and Cold Harbor. After the
end of the American Civil War, Barton discovered that thousands of
letters from distraught relatives to the War Department were going
unanswered because the soldiers they were questioning about were
buried in unmarked graves. Many of these soldiers were labeled
just as "missing". Motivated to do more about the
situation, Miss Barton contacted President Lincoln in hopes that
she would be allowed to respond officially to these unanswered
inquiries. She was given permission, and "The Search for the
Missing Men" commenced. After the war, she ran the Office of
Missing Soldiers, at 437 1/2 Seventh Street, Northwest,
Washington, D.C. in the Gallery Place neighborhood. The office's
purpose was to find or identify soldiers killed or missing in
action. Barton and her assistants wrote 41,855 replies to
inquiries and helped locate more than twenty-two thousand missing
men. Barton spent the summer of 1865 helping find, identify, and
properly bury 13,000 individuals who died in Andersonville prison
camp, a Confederate prisoner-of-war camp in Georgia. She continued
this task over the next four years, burying 20,000 more Union
soldiers and marking their graves. Congress eventually
appropriated 15K USD toward her project. Barton achieved
widespread recognition by delivering lectures around the country
about her war experiences in 1865-1868. During this time she met
Susan B. Anthony and began an association with the woman's
suffrage movement. She also became acquainted with Frederick
Douglass and became an activist for civil rights. After her
countrywide tour she was both mentally and physically exhausted
and under doctor's orders to go somewhere that would take her far
from her current work. She closed the Missing Soldiers Office in
1868 and traveled to Europe. In 1869, during her trip to Geneva,
Switzerland, Barton was introduced to the Red Cross and Dr. Appia;
he later would invite her to be the representative for the
American branch of the Red Cross and help her find financial
benefactors for the start of the American Red Cross. She was also
introduced to Henry Dunant's book A Memory of Solferino, which
called for the formation of national societies to provide relief
voluntarily on a neutral basis. At the beginning of the
Franco-Prussian War, in 1870, she assisted the Grand Duchess of
Baden in the preparation of military hospitals, and gave the Red
Cross society much aid during the war. At the joint request of the
German authorities and the Strasbourg Comite de Secours, she
superintended the supplying of work to the poor of Strasbourg in
1871, after the Siege Of Paris, and in 1871 had charge of the
public distribution of supplies to the destitute people of Paris.
At the close of the war, she received honorable decorations of the
Golden Cross of Baden and the Prussian Iron Cross. When Barton
returned to the United States, she inaugurated a movement to gain
recognition for the International Committee of the Red Cross
(ICRC) by the United States government. In 1873, she began work on
this project. In 1878, she met with President Rutherford B. Hayes,
who expressed the opinion of most Americans at that time which was
the U.S. would never again face a calamity like the Civil War.
Barton finally succeeded during the administration of President
Chester Arthur, using the argument that the new American Red Cross
could respond to crises other than war such as natural disasters
like earthquakes, forest fires, and hurricanes. Barton became
President of the American branch of the society, which held its
first official meeting at her I Street apartment in Washington,
DC, May 21, 1881. The first local society was founded August 22,
1881 in Dansville, Livingston County, New York, where she
maintained a country home. The society's role changed with the
advent of the Spanish-American War during which it aided refugees
and prisoners of the civil war. Once the Spanish-American War was
over the grateful people of Santiago built a statue in honor of
Barton in the town square, which still stands there today.
Domestically in 1884 she helped in the floods on the Ohio river,
provided Texas with food and supplies during the famine of 1887
and took workers to Illinois in 1888 after a tornado and that same
year to Florida for the yellow fever epidemic. Within days after
the Johnstown Flood in 1889, she led her delegation of 50 doctors
and nurses in response. In 1897, responding to the humanitarian
crisis in the Ottoman Empire in the aftermath of the Hamidian
massacres, Barton sailed to Constantinople and after long
negotiations with Abdul Hamid II, opened the first American
International Red Cross headquarters in the heart of Turkey.
Barton herself traveled along with five other Red Cross
expeditions to the Armenian provinces in the spring of 1896,
providing relief and humanitarian aid. Barton also worked in
hospitals in Cuba in 1898 at the age of seventy-seven. Barton's
last field operation as President of the American Red Cross was
helping victims of the Galveston hurricane in 1900. The operation
established an orphanage for children. As criticism arose of her
mixing professional and personal resources, Barton was forced to
resign as president of the American Red Cross in 1904, at the age
of 83 because of her egocentric leadership style fitting poorly
into the formal structure of an organizational charity. She had
been forced out of office by a new generation of all-male
scientific experts who reflected the realistic efficiency of the
Progressive Era rather than her idealistic humanitarianism. In
memory of the courageous women of the civil war, the Red Cross
Headquarters was founded. During the dedication, not one person
said a word. This was done in order to honor the women and their
services. After resigning, Barton founded the National First Aid
Society. She continued to live in her Glen Echo, Maryland home
which also served as the Red Cross Headquarters upon her arrival
to the house in 1897. Barton published her autobiography in 1907,
titled The Story of My Childhood. On April 12, 1912 at the age of
90, she died in her home. The cause of death was pneumonia. In
1975, the Clara Barton National Historic Site, located at 5801
Oxford Road, Glen Echo, Maryland, was established as a unit of the
National Park Service at Barton's home, where she spent the last
15 years of her life. As the first National Historic Site
dedicated to the accomplishments of a woman, it preserves the
early history of the American Red Cross, since the home also
served as an early headquarters of the organization. The North
Oxford, Massachusetts, house in which she was born is now also a
museum. The National Park Service has restored eleven rooms,
including the Red Cross offices, the parlors, and Barton's
bedroom. Visitors to Clara Barton National Historic Site can gain
a sense of how Barton lived and worked. Guides lead tourists
through the three levels, emphasizing Barton's use of her unusual
home. In 2018 the site was indefinitely closed due to repairs. In
1869, Barton closed the Missing Soldiers Office and headed to
Europe. The third floor of her old boardinghouse was boarded up in
1913, and the site forgotten. The site was "lost" in
part because the city realigned its addressing system in the
1870s. The boardinghouse became 437 1/2 Seventh Street Northwest
(formerly 488-1/2 Seventh Street West). In 1997, General Services
Administration carpenter Richard Lyons was hired to check out the
building for its demolition. He found a treasure trove of Barton
items in the attic, including signs, clothing, Civil War soldier's
socks, an army tent, Civil War-era newspapers, and many documents
relating to the Office of Missing Soldiers. This discovery led to
the NPS saving the building from demolition. It took years,
however, for the site to be restored. The Clara Barton's Missing
Soldiers Office Museum, run by the National Museum of Civil War
Medicine, opened in 2015. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Great
American Road Automotive History Films MP4 Download DVD Set
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1878: #BOTD: #HBD! Louis
Chevrolet, Swiss-American race car driver and businessman, founder
of Chevrolet and Frontenac Motor Corporation (d. June 6, 1941) is
#born Louis-Joseph Chevrolet in La Chaux-de-Fonds, canton of
Neuchatel, a center of watchmaking in northwestern Switzerland.
Louis Chevrolet and ousted General Motors founder William C.
Durant cofounded the Chevrolet Motor Car Company on November 3,
1911. It is now known as Chevrolet, colloquially referred to as
Chevy and formally the Chevrolet Division of General Motors
Company (GM). Durant used the Chevrolet Motor Car Company to
acquire a controlling stake in General Motors with a reverse
merger occurring on May 2, 1918 and propelled himself back to the
GM presidency. After Durant's second ousting in 1919, Alfred
Sloan, with his maxim "a car for every purse and purpose",
would pick the Chevrolet brand to become the volume leader in the
General Motors family, selling mainstream vehicles to compete with
Henry Ford's Model T in 1919, thereby overtaking Ford as the
best-selling car in the United States by 1929. Louis Chevrolet
died in Detroit, Michigan of a heart attack at the age of 62. He
had been plagued with atherosclerosis which had previously led to
a leg amputation. He is buried in the Holy Cross and Saint Joseph
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Clive
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Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1899: #BOTD: #HBD! Humphrey
Bogart, American film, stage, radio and television actor, cultural
and pop icon (d. January 14, 1957) is #born Humphrey DeForest
Bogart in New York City, the eldest child of Belmont DeForest
Bogart (1867-1934) and Maud Humphrey (1868-1940). Lauren Bacall
wrote in her autobiography of his Christmas birthday that Bogart
joked about being cheated out of a present every year. The name
"Bogart" derives from the Dutch surname, "Bogaert".
In 1999, the American Film Institute selected Bogart as the
greatest male star of classic American cinema. Bogart began acting
in Broadway shows, beginning his career in motion pictures with Up
the River (1930) for Fox. Bogart appeared in supporting roles for
the next decade, sometimes portraying gangsters. Bogart was
praised for his work as Duke Mantee in The Petrified Forest
(1936), but remained secondary to other actors Warner Bros. cast
in lead roles. His breakthrough from supporting roles to stardom
came with High Sierra (1941) and The Maltese Falcon (1941),
considered one of the first great noir films. Bogart's private
detectives, Sam Spade (in The Maltese Falcon) and Phillip Marlowe
(in 1946's The Big Sleep), became the models for detectives in
other noir films. His most significant romantic lead role was with
Ingrid Bergman in Casablanca (1942), which earned him his first
nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor. Bogart and
19-year-old Lauren Bacall fell in love when they filmed To Have
and Have Not (1944); soon after the main filming for The Big Sleep
(1946, their second film together), he filed for divorce from his
third wife and married Bacall. After their marriage, she played
his love interest in Dark Passage (1947) and Key Largo (1948).
Bogart's performances in The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (1948)
and In a Lonely Place (1950) are now considered among his best,
although they were not recognized as such when the films were
released. He reprised those unsettled, unstable characters as a
World War II naval-vessel commander in The Caine Mutiny (1954),
which was a critical and commercial hit and earned him another
Best Actor nomination. For his role as a cantankerous river steam
launch skipper with Katharine Hepburn's missionary in the World
War I adventure The African Queen (1951), Bogart received the
Academy Award for Best Actor. In his later years, significant
roles included The Barefoot Contessa with Ava Gardner and his
on-screen competition with William Holden for Audrey Hepburn in
Sabrina (1954). Bogart rarely performed on television, but he and
Bacall appeared on Edward R. Murrow's Person to Person and
disagreed on the answer to every question. He also appeared on The
Jack Benny Show, where a surviving kinescope of the live telecast
captures him in his only TV sketch-comedy performance (October 25,
1953). Bogart and Bacall worked on an early color telecast in
1955, an NBC adaptation of The Petrified Forest for Producers'
Showcase. Bogart received top billing, and Henry Fonda played
Leslie Howard's role; a black and white kinescope of the live
telecast has survived. Bogart performed radio adaptations of some
of his best-known films, such as Casablanca and The Maltese
Falcon, and recorded a radio series entitled Bold Venture with
Bacall. Bogart, a liberal Democrat, organized the Committee for
the First Amendment (a delegation to Washington, D.C.) opposing
what he saw as the House Un-American Activities Committee's
harassment of Hollywood screenwriters and actors. He wrote an
article, "I'm No Communist", for the March 1948 issue of
Photoplay magazine distancing himself from the Hollywood Ten to
counter negative publicity resulting from his appearance. Bogart
wrote, "The ten men cited for contempt by the House
Un-American Activities Committee were not defended by us."
Bogart was a founding member and the original leader of the
Hollywood Rat Pack. In the spring of 1955, after a long party in
Las Vegas attended by Frank Sinatra, Judy Garland, her husband
Sidney Luft, Michael Romanoff and his wife Gloria, David Niven,
Angie Dickinson and others, Bacall surveyed the wreckage and said:
"You look like a goddamn rat pack." The name stuck, and
was made official at Romanoff's in Beverly Hills. Sinatra was
dubbed Pack Leader; Bacall Den Mother; Bogart Director of Public
Relations, and Sid Luft Acting Cage Manager. Asked by columnist
Earl Wilson what the group's purpose was, Bacall replied: "To
drink a lot of bourbon and stay up late." Humphrey Bogart
died of esophageal cancer, caused by his heavy smoking and
drinking, at his home in Holmby Hills, Los Angeles. At the time of
his death he weighed only 80 pounds. A simple funeral was held at
All Saints Episcopal Church, with music by Bogart's favorite
composers: Johann Sebastian Bach and Claude Debussy. In attendance
were some of Hollywood's biggest stars, including Hepburn, Tracy,
Judy Garland, David Niven, Ronald Reagan, James Mason, Bette
Davis, Danny Kaye, Joan Fontaine, Marlene Dietrich, James Cagney,
Errol Flynn, Edward G. Robinson, Gregory Peck, Gary Cooper, Billy
Wilder and studio head Jack L. Warner. Bacall asked Tracy to give
the eulogy; he was too upset, however, and John Huston spoke
instead: "Himself, he never took too seriously - his work
most seriously. He regarded the somewhat gaudy figure of Bogart,
the star, with an amused cynicism; Bogart, the actor, he held in
deep respect ... In each of the fountains at Versailles there is a
pike which keeps all the carp active; otherwise they would grow
over-fat and die. Bogie took rare delight in performing a similar
duty in the fountains of Hollywood. Yet his victims seldom bore
him any malice, and when they did, not for long. His shafts were
fashioned only to stick into the outer layer of complacency, and
not to penetrate through to the regions of the spirit where real
injuries are done ... He is quite irreplaceable. There will never
be another like him." Bogart was cremated, and his ashes were
interred in Forest Lawn Memorial Park's Columbarium of Eternal
Light in its Garden of Memory in Glendale, California. He was
buried with a small, gold whistle which had been part of a charm
bracelet he had given to Bacall before they married. On it was
inscribed, "If you want anything, just whistle." This
alluded to a scene in To Have and Have Not when Bacall's character
says to Bogart shortly after their first meeting, "You know
how to whistle, don't you, Steve? You just put your lips together
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Minnie The
Moocher And Many Many More DVD, Video Download, Flash Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1907: #BOTD: #HBD! Cab
Calloway, African American jazz singer and bandleader (d. November
18, 1994) is #born Cabell Calloway III in Rochester, New York. Cab
Calloway was strongly associated with the Cotton Club in Harlem,
New York City, where he was a regular performer. Calloway was a
master of energetic scat singing and led one of the United States'
most popular big bands from the start of the 1930s to the late
1940s. Calloway's band featured performers including trumpeters
Dizzy Gillespie and Adolphus "Doc" Cheatham,
saxophonists Ben Webster and Leon "Chu" Berry, New
Orleans guitarist Danny Barker, and bassist Milt Hinton. Calloway
continued to perform until his death in 1994 at the age of 86. In
1931 Calloway recorded his most famous song, "Minnie the
Moocher". That song, along with "St. James Infirmary
Blues" and "The Old Man of the Mountain", were
performed for Max and Dave Fleischer's Betty Boop animated shorts
Minnie the Moocher (1932), Snow White (1933), and The Old Man of
the Mountain (1933), respectively. Through rotoscoping, Calloway
performed voiceover for these cartoons, but his dance steps were
the basis of the characters' movements. He took advantage of this,
timing concerts in some communities to coincide with the release
of the films in order to make the most of the publicity. As a
result of the success of "Minnie the Moocher", Calloway
became identified with its chorus, gaining the nickname "The
Hi De Ho Man". On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Great
War (1964) TV Documentary Series DVD, Video Download, USB
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1914: The European Civil
War: World War I: The First European War (The European Theater Of
World War I): The Western Front Of World War I: Aviation: Military
Aviation: Air Warfare Of World War I: The Raid On Cuxhaven
(German: Weihnachtsangriff, "The Christmas Raid"): --
History's first naval air raid occurs when British ship-based
aircraft of the Royal Naval Air Service are carried to within
striking distance by seaplane tenders of the Royal Navy and mount
an attack, supported by both surface ships and submarines. The
aircraft flew over the Cuxhaven area and dropped their bombs,
causing damage to shore installations. It was described at the
time as an "air reconnaissance of the Heligoland Bight,
including Cuxhaven, Heligoland and Wilhelmshaven ... by naval
seaplanes" during which "the opportunity was taken of
attacking with bombs points of military importance" in
northern Imperial Germany. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: World War
I: The War Years Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1914: The European Civil
War: World War I: The First European War (The European Theater Of
World War I): The Western Front Of World War I: The Christmas
Truce (German: Weihnachtsfrieden; French: Treve de Noel): -- A
series of unofficial truces spontaneously occur across the Western
Front to celebrate Christmas known as the "Christmas Truce"
(German: Weihnachtsfrieden; French: Treve de Noel). It began on
Christmas Eve as a series of widespread but unofficial ceasefires
along the Western Front of World War I around Christmas 1914. In
the week leading up to the 25th, French, German, and British
soldiers crossed trenches to exchange seasonal greetings and talk.
In some areas, men from both sides ventured into no man's land on
Christmas Eve and Christmas Day to mingle and exchange food and
souvenirs. There were joint burial ceremonies and prisoner swaps,
while several meetings ended in carol-singing. Men played games of
football (soccer) with one another, giving one of the most
memorable images of the truce. Peaceful behavior was not
ubiquitous; fighting continued in some sectors, while in others
the sides settled on little more than arrangements to recover
bodies. The following year, a few units arranged ceasefires but
the truces were not nearly as widespread as in 1914; this was, in
part, due to strongly worded orders from the high commands of both
sides prohibiting fraternisation. Soldiers were no longer amenable
to truce by 1916. The war had become increasingly bitter after
devastating human losses suffered during the battles of the Somme
and Verdun, and the use of poison gas. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Hirohito
Documentaries Collection DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1926: Japan: The History Of
Japan: The Imperial House (Japanese: Koshitsu): Japanese Emperors:
The Enthronement Of The Japanese Emperor (Japanese: Sokui No Rei)
(The Coronation Of The Japanese Emperor [Showa No Tairei-Shiki]):
The Coronation Of Emperor Hirohito: -- Hirohito becomes Emperor of
Japan. He was officially enthroned on November 10, 1928. He was
Imperial Japan's Emperor during World War II. Following Japan's
defeat, he was allowed to stay and remained Emperor until his
death in 1989. On April 29, 1902, Emperor of Japan Hirohito
(1901-1989) was #born in Tokyo. In 1926, he became the 124th in a
long line of monarchs and then presided over wartime Japan which
was led by militarist Prime Minister Hideki Tojo. Following the
dropping of two atomic bombs by the U.S., he made a radio address
urging his people to stop fighting. After the war he remained as
the symbolic head of state in Japan's new parliamentary
government. In 1946, he renounced his divinity and then pursued
his interest in marine biology, becoming a recognized authority in
the subject. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Know Your
Enemy: Japan WWII Frank Capra + The Samurai MP4 Download DVD
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1941: World War II: The
Pacific War (The Asia-Pacific War, The Asiatic-Pacific Theater,
The Pacific Theater Of World War II): The Asiatic-Pacific Theater:
The Battle Of Hong Kong (The Defence Of Hong Kong, The Defense Of
Hong Kong, The Fall Of Hong Kong): -- The Battle Of Hong Kong
ends, beginning The Japanese Occupation Of Hong Kong. The Battle
Of Hong Kong was one of the first battles of the Pacific War in
World War II. On the same morning as the attack on Pearl Harbor,
forces of the Empire of Japan attacked the British Crown colony of
Hong Kong around the same time that Japan declared war on Great
Britain. The Hong Kong garrison consisted of British, Indian and
Canadian units, also the Auxiliary Defence Units and Hong Kong
Volunteer Defence Corps (HKVDC). Of the three territories of Hong
Kong, the defenders abandoned the two mainland territories of
Kowloon and New Territories within a week. Less than two weeks
later, with their last territory Hong Kong Island untenable, the
colony surrendered. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: China In
Revolution 1911-1949 TV Series DVD, Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1941: World War II: The
Pacific War (The Asia-Pacific War, The Asiatic-Pacific Theater,
The Pacific Theater Of World War II): The Asiatic-Pacific Theater:
The Japanese Occupation Of Hong Kong: -- The Japanese Occupation
Of Hong Kong begins when the governor of Hong Kong, Sir Mark
Young, surrendered The British Crown Colony Of Hong Kong to The
Empire Of Japan at the conclusion of The Battle Of Hong Kong. His
surrender occurred after 18 days of fierce fighting against the
Japanese forces that invaded the territory. The occupation lasted
for three years and eight months until Japan surrendered at the
end of the Second World War. The length of time of this occupation
became a metonym of the occupation (Chinese: San Mian Ling Ba Ge
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Rock &
Roll An Unruly History 10 Part TV Series MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1954: #BOTD: #HBD! Annie
Lennox, Scottish singer, songwriter, pianist, political activist
and philanthropist, is #born in Aberdeen, Scotland. After
achieving moderate success in the late 1970s as part of the new
wave band the Tourists, Ann Lennox OBE (Officer Of The Most
Excellent Order Of The British Empire) and fellow musician Dave
Stewart went on to achieve international success in the 1980s as
Eurythmics. Appearing in the 1983 music video for "Sweet
Dreams (Are Made of This)" with orange cropped hair and
wearing a man's business suit, the BBC states, "all eyes were
on Annie Lennox, the singer whose powerful androgynous look defied
the male gaze". Subsequent hits with Eurythmics include
"There Must Be an Angel (Playing with My Heart)", "Love
Is a Stranger" and "Here Comes the Rain Again".
Lennox embarked on a solo career in 1992 with her debut album,
Diva, which produced several hit singles including "Why"
and "Walking on Broken Glass". The same year, she
performed "Love Song for a Vampire" for Bram Stoker's
Dracula. Her 1995 studio album, Medusa, includes cover versions of
songs such as "No More 'I Love You's'" and "A
Whiter Shade of Pale". To date, she has released six solo
studio albums and a compilation album, The Annie Lennox Collection
(2009). With eight Brit Awards, which includes being named Best
British Female Artist a record six times, Lennox has been named
the "Brits Champion of Champions". She has also
collected four Grammy Awards and an MTV Video Music Award. In
2002, Lennox received a Billboard Century Award; the highest
accolade from Billboard. In 2004, she received the Golden Globe
and the Academy Award for Best Original Song for "Into the
West", written for the soundtrack to the feature film The
Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King. Lennox's vocal range is
contralto. She has been named "The Greatest White Soul Singer
Alive" by VH1 and one of The 100 Greatest Singers of All Time
by Rolling Stone. In 2012, she was rated No. 22 on VH1's 100
Greatest Women in Music. In June 2013 the Official Charts Company
called her "the most successful female British artist in UK
music history". As of June 2008, including her work with
Eurythmics, Lennox had sold over 80 million records worldwide. As
part of a one-hour symphony of British Music, Lennox performed
"Little Bird" during the 2012 Summer Olympics closing
ceremony in London. At the 2015 Ivor Novello Awards, Lennox was
made a fellow of the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and
Authors (The Ivors Academy), the first woman to receive the
honour. Lennox and her Eurythmics partner Dave Stewart were
inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2020, and the duo
were inducted into The Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame in 2022. In
addition to her career as a musician, Lennox is also a political
and social activist, raising money and awareness for HIV/AIDS as
it affects women and children in Africa. She founded the Sing
campaign in 2007 and founded a women's empowerment charity called
The Circle in 2008. In 2011, Lennox was appointed an OBE by Queen
Elizabeth II for her "tireless charity campaigns and
championing of humanitarian causes". On 4 June 2012, she
performed at the Queen's Diamond Jubilee Concert in front of
Buckingham Palace. In 2017, Lennox was appointed Glasgow
Caledonian University's first female chancellor. On Sale @ 15% Off
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Red
Bomb Soviet Nuclear Bombs History + 2 Bonuses MP4 Download DVD
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1962: The Aftermath Of World
War II: The Cold War: Nuclear Warfare: Nuclear Weapons Testing:
Soviet Nuclear Warfare: Soviet Nuclear Weapons Testing: The 1962
Soviet Nuclear Tests: -- The Soviet Union conducts its final
above-ground nuclear weapon test, in anticipation of the 1963
Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty that would prohibit above-ground
nuclear tests, with an air-dropped weapons development test bomb
at NZ Area C, Sukhoy Nos, Novaya Zemlya, Russia. The Soviet
Union's 1962 Nuclear Test Series was a group of 78 nuclear tests
conducted in 1962. These tests followed the Soviet Project K
nuclear tests series conducted in 1961-1962, and preceded the 1964
Soviet nuclear tests series. The Partial Test Ban Treaty (PTBT) is
the abbreviated name of the 1963 Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon
Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space and Under Water, which
prohibited all test detonations of nuclear weapons except for
those conducted underground. It is also abbreviated as the Limited
Test Ban Treaty (LTBT) and Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (NTBT), though
the latter may also refer to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban
Treaty (CTBT), which succeeded the PTBT for ratifying parties. On
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: To The
Moon: The Story In Sound Set CD, MP3 Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1968: The History Of
Rocketry: The History Of Spaceflight: The Aftermath Of World War
II: The Cold War: The Space Age: The Space Race: Spaceflight
Firsts: Space Programs Of The United States: Human Spaceflight
Programs: The Discovery And Exploration Of The Solar System:
Missions To The Moon: Project Apollo: Apollo 8: -- Apollo 8
performs the very first successful Trans-Earth injection (TEI)
maneuver, sending the crew and spacecraft on a trajectory back to
Earth from Lunar orbit. On December 24, 1968, the crew of Apollo
8, Commander Frank Borman and Command Module Pilot James Lovell
enters into orbit around the Moon, becoming the first humans to do
so. The astronauts orbited ten times over the course of 20 hours,
during which the crew made a Christmas Eve television broadcast
where they read the first 10 verses from the Book of Genesis. At
the time, the broadcast was the most watched TV program ever. On
December 21, they were launched from the Kennedy Space Center,
placing its crew on a lunar trajectory for the first visit to
another celestial body by humans. Apollo 8, the second manned
spaceflight mission in the United States Apollo space program,
became the first manned spacecraft to leave Earth orbit, reach the
Earth's Moon, orbit it and return safely to Earth. The
three-astronaut crew: Borman, Lovell, and Lunar Module Pilot
William Anders: became the first humans to: travel beyond low
Earth orbit; see Earth as a whole planet; enter the gravity well
of another celestial body (Earth's moon); orbit another celestial
body (Earth's moon); directly see the far side of the Moon with
their own eyes; witness an Earthrise; escape the gravity of
another celestial body (Earth's moon); and re-enter the
gravitational well of Earth. The 1968 mission, the third flight of
the Saturn V rocket and that rocket's first crewed launch, was
also the first human spaceflight launch from the Kennedy Space
Center, Florida, located adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force
Station. Originally planned as a second Lunar Module/Command
Module test in an elliptical medium Earth orbit in early 1969, the
mission profile was changed in August 1968 to a more ambitious
Command Module-only lunar orbital flight to be flown in December,
because the Lunar Module was not yet ready to make its first
flight. This meant Borman's crew was scheduled to fly two to three
months sooner than originally planned, leaving them a shorter time
for training and preparation, thus placing more demands than usual
on their time and discipline. Apollo 8 took three days to travel
to the Moon. Apollo 8's successful mission paved the way for
Apollo 11 to fulfill U.S. President John F. Kennedy's goal of
landing a man on the Moon before the end of the 1960s. The Apollo
8 astronauts returned to Earth on December 27, 1968, when their
spacecraft splashed down in the Northern Pacific Ocean. The crew
was named Time magazine's "Men of the Year" for 1968
upon their return. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Soviet-Afghan War DVD, MP4 Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1979: The Aftermath Of World
War II: The Cold War: The Afghan Conflict (The Afghan Crisis, The
Instability In Afghanistan): The Soviet-Afghan War: The Soviet
Invasion Of Afghanistan: -- The Soviet-Afghan War begins as
armoured columns of the Soviet 40th Army cross the Russian-Afghan
border into Afghanistan at Termez and Kushka, headed towards the
Afghan cities of Kabul and Herat respectively. Arriving in the
Afghan capital of Kabul, they sent commandos to seize strategic
installations, then they staged a coup (Operation Storm-333;
Russian: Shtorm-333) that killed Afghan General Secretary Amin and
installed Soviet loyalist Babrak Karmal from the rival faction
Parcham. The deployment had been variously called either an
"invasion" by Western media and the Mujahideen rebels,
or a legitimate supporting intervention, on the basis of the
Brezhnev Doctrine (a Soviet foreign policy that proclaimed any
threat to socialist rule in any state of the Soviet bloc in
Central and Eastern Europe was a threat to them all, and therefore
justified the intervention of fellow socialist states) by the
Soviet Union and the Afghan government of the Parchamite faction
of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan. The causes of the
conflict are found in the Saur Revolution, a 1978 coup wherein
Afghanistan's communist party took power, initiating a series of
radical modernization and land reforms throughout the country.
These reforms were deeply unpopular among the more traditional
rural population and established power structures. The repressive
nature of the "Democratic Republic", which vigorously
suppressed opposition and executed thousands of political
prisoners, led to the rise of anti-government armed groups; by
April 1979, large parts of the country were in open rebellion. The
communist party itself experienced deep internal rivalries between
the Khalqists and Parchamites; in September 1979, People's
Democratic Party General Secretary Nur Mohammad Taraki was
assassinated under orders of the second-in-command, Hafizullah
Amin, an act which soured relations with the Soviet Union and lead
to the Soviet invasion. The Soviet-Afghan War ultimately became a
conflict wherein insurgent groups (known collectively as the
Mujahideen), as well as smaller Maoist groups, fought a nine-year
guerrilla war against the Soviet Army and the Democratic Republic
of Afghanistan government throughout the 1980s, mostly in the
Afghan countryside. The Mujahideen were variously backed primarily
by the United States, Pakistan, Iran, Saudi Arabia, China, and the
United Kingdom; the conflict was a Cold War-era proxy war. Between
562,000 and 2,000,000 civilians were killed and millions of
Afghans fled the country as refugees, mostly to Pakistan and Iran.
The war caused grave destruction in Afghanistan and contributed to
the Soviet collapse, in hindsight leaving a mixed and tragic
legacy to the peoples of both territories. The song "Bombs
Away" by the Police, penned by their drummer Stewart Copeland
for their "Zenyatta Mondatta" studio album, is about
this invasion. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Rise
And Fall Of Ceausescu Documentary DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1989: The Aftermath Of World
War II: The Cold War: The Cold War (1985-1991) (The End Of The
Cold War): The Dissolution Of The Soviet Union: The Revolutions Of
1989 (The Fall Of Nations, The Autumn Of Nations, The Fall Of
Communism): The Eastern Bloc (The Communist Bloc, The Socialist
Bloc, The Soviet Bloc): The Romanian Revolution (The Christmas
Revolution): The Trial And Execution Of Nicolae And Elena
Ceausescu: -- #DOTD: An Exceptional Military Tribunal, a drumhead
court-martial created at the request of a newly formed group
called the National Salvation Front, results in a few hours in
guilty verdicts and death sentences for former Romanian President
and Romanian Communist Party General Secretary, Nicolae Ceausescu,
and his wife, Elena Ceausescu. A Romanian television broadcast of
a Christmas symphony was shortly thereafter interrupted with the
announcement that Nicolae Ceausescu and his wife Elena had been
executed. The main charge against them was was genocide,
specifically for murdering "over 60,000 people" during
the December 17, 1989 demonstrations in the city of Timisoara
which sparked the Romanian Revolution. Other sources put the death
toll between 689 and 1,200. Nevertheless, the charges did not
affect the trial. General Victor Stanculescu had brought with him
a specially selected team of paratroopers from a crack regiment,
handpicked earlier in the morning to act as a firing squad. Before
the legal proceedings began, Stanculescu had already selected the
spot where the execution would take place-along one side of the
wall in the barracks' square. The execution was videtaped as proof
of their execution, and was later broadcast on Romanian television
as well as other television news outlets around the world. Nicolae
Ceausescu refused to recognize the tribunal, arguing its lack of
constitutional basis and claiming that the revolutionary
authorities were part of a Soviet plot. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Gorbachev:
The Rise And Fall + Oleg Gordievsky Doc MP4 Download DVD
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1991: The Aftermath Of World
War II: The Cold War: The Cold War (1985-1991) (The End Of The
Cold War): The Dissolution Of The Soviet Union: The Revolutions Of
1989 (The Fall Of Nations, The Autumn Of Nations, The Fall Of
Communism): The Eastern Bloc (The Communist Bloc, The Socialist
Bloc, The Soviet Bloc): The Presidency Of The Soviet Union (The
Presidency Of The Union Of Soviet Socialist Republics, The
Presidency Of The USSR): -- Mikhail Gorbachev resigns as the first
and only ever President Of The Soviet Union on the same day
Ukraine officially left the Soviet Union; the union itself would
be dissolved the next day. The President Of The Soviet Union was
the head of state of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics from
March 15, 1990 to Christmas Day, December 25, 1991. Gorbachev was
also General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
between March 1985 and August 1991; theoretically, he derived a
larger share of power from his position as president as a result
of his resignation as General Secretary following the 1991 coup
d'etat attempt, but with the collapse of the Soviet Union, this
power was ultimately insufficient. The Dissolution Of The Soviet
Union (1988-1991) was the process of internal disintegration
within the USSR, which began with growing unrest in its various
constituent republics developing into an incessant political and
legislative conflict between the republics and the central
government, and ended when the leaders of three primal republics
(the Russian SFSR, the Ukrainian SSR and the Byelorussian SSR)
declared it no longer existed, later accompanied by 11 more
republics, resulting in President Mikhail Gorbachev having to
resign and what was left of the Soviet parliament formally
acknowledging what had already taken place. On Sale @ 15% Off
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Second
Russian Revolution TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25, 1991: The Aftermath Of World
War II: The Cold War: The Cold War (1985-1991) (The End Of The
Cold War): The Dissolution Of The Soviet Union: The Declaration Of
Independence Of Ukraine: The Act Of Declaration Of Independence Of
Ukraine (Ukrainian: Akt Proholoshennia Nezalezhnosti Ukrainy): The
1991 Ukrainian Independence Referendum: -- Ukraine's independence
referendum is finalized, and thereby Ukraine officially leaves the
Soviet Union; on the same day, Mikhail Gorbachev resigns as
President of the Soviet Union (the union itself is dissolved the
next day). The 1991 Ukrainian Independence Referendum, officially
called A Referendum On The Act Of Declaration Of Independence, was
held in Ukraine on December 1, 1991. An overwhelming majority of
92.3% of voters approved the Declaration Of Independence made on
August 24, 1991 by the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian: Supreme Council
of Ukraine), the unicameral parliament of Ukraine which continues
till this day. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Legacy
With Michael Wood World History TV Series DVD, MP4, USB Stick
Today, December 25, 2025
December 25: Quaid-E-Azam Day (Pakistan):
-- December 25, 1876: #BOTD: Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Pakistani
lawyer, politician, leader of the All-India Muslim League from
1913 until Pakistan's independence on August 14, 1947, founder and
1st Governor-General of Pakistan until his death, revered in
Pakistan as Quaid-i-Azam (Urdu: Great Leader) and Baba-i-Qaum
(Urdu: Father of the Nation), whose birthday is observed as a
national holiday in Pakistan (d. September 11, 1948) is #born at
Wazir Mansionin a rented apartment on the second floor of Wazir
Mansion near Karachi, now in Sindh, Pakistan but then within the
Bombay Presidency of British India. Jinnah was trained as a
barrister at Lincoln's Inn in London. Upon his return to British
India, he enrolled at the Bombay High Court, and took an interest
in national politics, which eventually replaced his legal
practice. Jinnah rose to prominence in the Indian National
Congress in the first two decades of the 20th century. In these
early years of his political career, Jinnah advocated Hindu-Muslim
unity, helping to shape the 1916 Lucknow Pact between the Congress
and the All-India Muslim League, in which Jinnah had also become
prominent. Jinnah became a key leader in the All India Home Rule
League, and proposed a fourteen-point constitutional reform plan
to safeguard the political rights of Muslims. In 1920, however,
Jinnah resigned from the Congress when it agreed to follow a
campaign of satyagraha, a term coined and developed by Mahatma
Gandhi, which meant nonviolent civil resistance against political
oppression, which Jinnah regarded as political anarchy. By 1940,
Jinnah had come to believe that Muslims of the Indian subcontinent
should have their own state. In that year, the Muslim League, led
by Jinnah, passed the Lahore Resolution, demanding a separate
nation. During the Second World War, the League gained strength
while leaders of the Congress were imprisoned, and in the
elections held shortly after the war, it won most of the seats
reserved for Muslims. Ultimately, the Congress and the Muslim
League could not reach a power-sharing formula for the
subcontinent to be united as a single state, leading all parties
to agree to the independence of a predominantly Hindu India, and
for a Muslim-majority state of Pakistan. As the first
Governor-General of Pakistan, Jinnah worked to establish the new
nation's government and policies, and to aid the millions of
Muslim migrants who had emigrated from the new nation of India to
Pakistan after independence, personally supervising the
establishment of refugee camps. Jinnah died at age 71 in September
1948, just over a year after Pakistan gained independence from the
United Kingdom. He left a deep and respected legacy in Pakistan.
Innumerable streets, roads and localities in the world are named
after Jinnah. Several universities and public buildings in
Pakistan bear Jinnah's name, while his career influenced a number
of activists including Malala Yousafzai, a Pakistani activist for
female education and the youngest-ever Nobel Prize laureate.
According to Jinnah's biographer, Stanley Wolpert, he remains
Pakistan's greatest leader. Muhammad Ali Jinnah #died on Christmas
Day of pneumonia caused by lung cancer and tuberculosis aggravated
by heavy smoking at 10:20 pm at his home in Karachi, Pakistan at
the age of 71, just over a year after Pakistan's creation. From
the 1930s, Jinnah suffered from tuberculosis; only his sister and
a few others close to him were aware of his condition. Jinnah
believed public knowledge of his lung ailments would hurt him
politically. In a 1938 letter, he wrote to a supporter that "you
must have read in the papers how during my tours... I suffered,
which was not because there was anything wrong with me, but the
irregularities [of the schedule] and over-strain told upon my
health". Many years later, Mountbatten stated that if he had
known Jinnah was so physically ill, he would have stalled, hoping
Jinnah's death would avert partition. Jinnah's devoted sister
Fatima wrote, "even in his hour of triumph, the Quaid-e-Azam
was gravely ill... He worked in a frenzy to consolidate Pakistan.
And, of course, he totally neglected his health..." Jinnah
worked with a tin of Craven "A" cigarettes at his desk,
of which he had smoked 50 or more a day for the previous 30 years,
as well as a box of Cuban cigars. Special services and prayers
were held in the Kwitang mosque of Jakarta (Indonesia) after the
death of Jinnah. Jinnah was buried on September 12, 1948 amid
official mourning in Pakistan; a million people gathered for his
funeral led by Shabbir Ahmad Usmani. Today, Jinnah rests in a
large marble mausoleum, Mazar-e-Quaid, in Karachi. Indian prime
minister Jawaharlal Nehru stated upon Jinnah's death, "How
shall we judge him? I have been very angry with him often during
the past years. But now there is no bitterness in my thought of
him, only a great sadness for all that has been... he succeeded in
his quest and gained his objective, but at what a cost and with
what a difference from what he had imagined."
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Charlie
Chaplin: The Little Tramp w/Joel Grey MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1977: #DOTD: #RIP: Charlie
Chaplin, English comic actor, comedian, filmmaker, movie star,
music hall performer, Vaudevillian and composer (b. April 16,
1889) #dies aged 88 in the early morning hours at his home in
Corsier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland after having a stroke in his sleep.
His funeral, on December 27, was a small and private Anglican
ceremony, according to his wishes. Chaplin is interred in the
Corsier-sur-Vevey cemetery. Among the film industry's tributes,
director Rene Clair wrote, "He was a monument of the cinema,
of all countries and all times... the most beautiful gift the
cinema made to us." Actor Bob Hope declared, "We were
lucky to have lived in his time." Chaplin left more than 100M
USD to his widow. On March 1, 1978, Chaplin's coffin was dug up
and stolen from its grave by Roman Wardas and Gantcho Ganev. The
body was held for ransom in an attempt to extort money from his
widow, Oona Chaplin. The pair were caught in a large police
operation in May, and Chaplin's coffin was found buried in a field
in the nearby village of Noville. It was re-interred in the
Corsier cemetery in a reinforced concrete vault. Sir Charles
Spencer Chaplin, KBE was born Charles Spencer Chaplin Jr. to
Hannah Chaplin (nee Hill) and Charles Chaplin Sr. His paternal
grandmother came from the Smith family, who belonged to Romani
people. There is no official record of his birth, although Chaplin
believed he was born at East Street, Walworth, in South London.
His parents had married four years previously, at which time
Charles Sr. became the legal guardian of Hannah's first son,
Sydney John Hill. At the time of his birth, Chaplin's parents were
both music hall entertainers. Charlie Chaplin rose to fame in the
era of silent film. Chaplin became a worldwide icon through his
screen persona "the Tramp" and is considered one of the
most important figures in the history of the film industry. His
career spanned more than 75 years, from childhood in the Victorian
era until a year before his death in 1977, and encompassed both
adulation and controversy. Chaplin's childhood in London was one
of poverty and hardship. As his father was absent and his mother
struggled financially, he was sent to a workhouse twice before the
age of nine. When he was 14, his mother was committed to a mental
asylum. Chaplin began performing at an early age, touring music
halls and later working as a stage actor and comedian. At 19, he
was signed to the prestigious Fred Karno company, which took him
to America. Chaplin was scouted for the film industry and began
appearing in 1914 for Keystone Studios. He soon developed the
Tramp persona and formed a large fan base. Chaplin directed his
own films from an early stage and continued to hone his craft as
he moved to the Essanay, Mutual, and First National corporations.
By 1918, he was one of the best-known figures in the world. In
1919, Chaplin co-founded the distribution company United Artists,
which gave him complete control over his films. His first
feature-length was The Kid (1921), followed by A Woman of Paris
(1923), The Gold Rush (1925), and The Circus (1928). He refused to
move to sound films in the 1930s, instead producing City Lights
(1931) and Modern Times (1936) without dialogue. Chaplin became
increasingly political, and his next film, The Great Dictator
(1940), satirised Adolf Hitler, who bore a remarkable resemblance
to Chaplin.. The 1940s were a decade marked with controversy for
Chaplin, and his popularity declined rapidly. He was accused of
communist sympathies, while his involvement in a paternity suit
and marriages to much younger women caused scandal. An FBI
investigation was opened, and Chaplin was forced to leave the
United States and settle in Switzerland. He abandoned the Tramp in
his later films, which include Monsieur Verdoux (1947), Limelight
(1952), A King in New York (1957), and A Countess from Hong Kong
(1967). Chaplin wrote, directed, produced, edited, starred in, and
composed the music for most of his films. He was a perfectionist,
and his financial independence enabled him to spend years on the
development and production of a picture. His films are
characterised by slapstick combined with pathos, typified in the
Tramp's struggles against adversity. Many contain social and
political themes, as well as autobiographical elements. In 1972,
as part of a renewed appreciation for his work, Chaplin received
an Honorary Academy Award for "the incalculable effect he has
had in making motion pictures the art form of this century".
In 1975, he was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II. He continues to be
held in high regard, with The Gold Rush, City Lights, Modern
Times, and The Great Dictator often ranked on industry lists of
the greatest films of all time.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Anwar
Sadat: In Life And Death Documentary Set MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1918: #BOTD: Anwar Sadat,
Egyptian colonel and politician who served as the third President
of Egypt from October 15 1970 until his assassination, Nobel Prize
laureate (d. October 6, 1981) is #born Muhammad Anwar el-Sadat
(Arabic: (Romanized): Muhammad Anwar as-Sadat) in Mit Abu El Kom,
Monufia, Egypt to a poor family, one of 13 brothers and sisters.
He was a senior member of the Free Officers who overthrew King
Farouk in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, and a close confidant
of President Gamal Abdel Nasser, under whom he served as Vice
President twice and whom he succeeded as president in 1970. In
1978, Sadat and Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel, signed a
peace treaty in cooperation with United States President Jimmy
Carter, for which they were recognized with the Nobel Peace Prize.
In his eleven years as president, he changed Egypt's trajectory,
departing from many of the political and economic tenets of
Nasserism, re-instituting a multi-party system, and launching the
Infitah economic policy. As President, he led Egypt in the Yom
Kippur War of 1973 to regain Egypt's Sinai Peninsula, which Israel
had occupied since the Six-Day War of 1967, making him a hero in
Egypt and, for a time, the wider Arab World. Afterwards, he
engaged in negotiations with Israel, culminating in the
Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty; this won him and Menachem Begin the
Nobel Peace Prize, making Sadat the first Muslim Nobel laureate.
Although reaction to the treaty-which resulted in the return of
Sinai to Egypt-was generally favorable among Egyptians, it was
rejected by the country's Muslim Brotherhood and the left, which
felt Sadat had abandoned efforts to ensure a Palestinian state.
With the exception of Sudan, the Arab world and the Palestine
Liberation Organization (PLO) strongly opposed Sadat's efforts to
make a separate peace with Israel without prior consultations with
the Arab states. His refusal to reconcile with them over the
Palestinian issue resulted in Egypt being suspended from the Arab
League from 1979 to 1989. The peace treaty was also one of the
primary factors that led to his assassination by Islamic
extremists during the annual victory parade held in Cairo, Egypt
to celebrate Operation Badr, during which the Egyptian Army had
crossed the Suez Canal and taken back a small part of the Sinai
Peninsula from Israel at the beginning of the Yom Kippur War. He
is buried at The Monument To The Unknown Soldier in Cairo. A fatwa
approving the assassination had been obtained from Omar
Abdel-Rahman, a cleric later convicted in the US for his role in
the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. The assassination was planned
and led by Egyptian army officer and Egyptian Islamic Jihad member
Khalid al-Islambuli by fellow Egyptian army and Islamic Jihad
members using automatic rifles while parading in front of the
reviewing grandstand.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title:
Montparnasse Revisited: The Genius That Was Paris DVD, MP4, USB
Drive
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1983: #DOTD: #RIP: Joan
Miro, Spanish painter, sculptor and ceramicist (b. April 20, 1893)
#dies from heart failure in his home in Palma (Majorca), Spain on
at age 90. He was later interred in the Montjuic Cemetery in
Barcelona. Joan Miro was born Joan Miro i Ferra in Barcelona.
Earning international acclaim, his work has been interpreted as
Surrealism but with a personal style, sometimes also veering into
Fauvism and Expressionism. He was notable for his interest in the
unconscious or the subconscious mind, reflected in his re-creation
of the childlike. His difficult-to-classify works also had a
manifestation of Catalan pride. In numerous interviews dating from
the 1930s onwards, Miro expressed contempt for conventional
painting methods as a way of supporting bourgeois society, and
declared an "assassination of painting" in favour of
upsetting the visual elements of established painting. A museum
dedicated to his work, the Fundacio Joan Miro, was established in
his native city of Barcelona in 1975, and another, the Fundacio
Pilar i Joan Miro, was established in his adoptive city of Palma
in 1981.
https://store.earthstation1.com/montparnasse-revisted-the-genius-that-was-paris-3-dvd3.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Admiral
Chester Nimitz Documentaries DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1941: World War II: The
Pacific War (The Asia-Pacific War, The Asiatic-Pacific Theater,
The Pacific Theater Of World War II): The Pacific Ocean Theater Of
World War II: -- Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, nearly three weeks
after the Japanese Attack On Pearl Harbor, arrives at Pearl Harbor
to assume command of the United States Pacific Fleet (USPACFLT).
He became thereby the commander of all Allied naval, land and air
forces in the South Pacific during the rest of World War II. The
United States Pacific Fleet is a theater-level component command
of the United States Navy, located in the Pacific Ocean. It
provides naval forces to the Indo-Pacific Command. Fleet
headquarters is at Naval Station Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, with large
secondary facilities at North Island, San Diego Bay on the
Mainland. At the time of the Pearl Harbor Attack, the US Pacific
Fleet approximately consisted of nine battleships, three aircraft
carriers, 12 heavy cruisers, eight light cruisers, 50 destroyers,
33 submarines, and 100 patrol bombers. The Pacific Fleet's Battle
Line (ships powerful enough to stand in the line of battle came to
be called a ship of the line (of battle) or line of battle ship,
which was shortened to become the word "battleship")
took the brunt of the attack, with two battleships destroyed, two
salvageable but requiring lengthy reconstruction, and four more
lightly to moderately damaged, forcing the U.S. Navy to rely
primarily on aircraft carriers and submarines for many months
afterward, a naval force nicknamed "The Bow And Arrow Navy".
https://store.earthstation1.com/admiral-chester-nimitz-documentaries-dvd-world-war-ii.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Armed
Forces Radio Presents Jubilee! WWII Radio DVD, MP3 Download, USB
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1886: #BOTD: #HBD! Kid Ory,
African American Black Creole jazz trombonist, composer, and
bandleader (d. January 23, 1973) is #born Edward Ory on Woodland
Plantation, near LaPlace, Louisiana to a Louisiana French-speaking
Catholic family, and was baptized at St Peter Church in Reserve,
Louisiana. Ory started playing music with homemade instruments in
his childhood, and by his teens was leading a well-regarded band
in southeast Louisiana. He kept LaPlace as his base of operations
because of family obligations until his twenty-first birthday,
when he moved his band to New Orleans. He was one of the most
influential trombonists of early jazz. Ory was a banjo player
during his youth, and it is said that his ability to play the
banjo helped him develop "tailgate", a particular style
of playing the trombone with a rhythmic line underneath the
trumpets and cornets. When Ory was living on Jackson Avenue, he
was discovered by Buddy Bolden, playing his first new trombone,
instead of an old Civil War trombone. Ory's sister said he was too
young to play with Bolden. Ory had one of the best-known bands in
New Orleans in the 1910s, hiring many of the great jazz musicians
of the city, including the cornetists Joe "King" Oliver,
Mutt Carey, and Louis Armstrong, who joined the band in 1919; and
the clarinetists Johnny Dodds and Jimmie Noone. In 1919, he moved
to Los Angeles, one of a number of New Orleans musicians to do so
near that time, and he recorded there in 1921 with a band that
included Mutt Carey, the clarinetist and pianist Dink Johnson, and
the string bassist Ed Garland. Garland and Carey were longtime
associates who would still be playing with Ory during his 1940s
comeback. While in Los Angeles, Ory and his band recorded two
instrumentals, "Ory's Creole Trombone" and "Society
Blues", as well as a number of songs. They were the first
jazz recordings made on the West Coast by an African American jazz
band from New Orleans, Louisiana. His band recorded with Nordskog
Records; Ory paid Nordskog for the pressings and then sold them
with his own label, "Kid Ory's Sunshine Orchestra", at
Spikes Brothers Music Store in Los Angeles. In 1925, Ory moved to
Chicago, where he was very active, working and recording with
Louis Armstrong, Jelly Roll Morton, Oliver, Johnny Dodds, Bessie
Smith, Ma Rainey, and many others. He mentored Benny Goodman and,
later, Charles Mingus. He was said to have attempted to take
trombone lessons from a "German guy" who played in the
Chicago symphony, but Ory was turned away after a few lessons. Ory
was notably a part of the original configuration of Louis
Armstrong's Hot Five, first recorded on November 12, 1925. His
famous composition "Muskrat Ramble" was included in the
Hot Five session in February 1926. During the Great Depression Ory
retired from music and did not play again until 1943. He ran a
chicken farm in Los Angeles, California. From 1944 to about 1961
he led one of the top New Orleans-style bands of the period. His
sidemen during this period included, In addition to Carey and
Garland, the trumpeters Alvin Alcorn and Teddy Buckner; the
clarinetists Darnell Howard, Jimmie Noone, Albert Nicholas, Barney
Bigard, and George Probert; the pianists Buster Wilson, Cedric
Haywood, and Don Ewell; and the drummer Minor Hall. All but
Buckner, Probert, and Ewell were originally from New Orleans. The
Ory band was an important force in reviving interest in New
Orleans jazz, making popular 1940s radio broadcasts-among them a
number of slots on The Orson Welles Almanac program (beginning
March 15, 1944). In 1944-45 the group made a series of recordings
for Crescent Records, which was founded by Nesuhi Ertegun for the
express purpose of recording Ory's band. During the late 1940s and
early 1950s, Ory and his group appeared at the Beverly Cavern in
Los Angeles. In 1958 he played at 'On the levee' on the waterfront
at San Francisco. Ory retired from music in 1966 and spent his
last years in Hawaii, with the assistance of Trummy Young. Kid Ory
died of pneumonia and a heart attack in Honolulu at the age of 86.
He is buried at Holy Cross Cemetery, Culver City, California.
https://store.earthstation1.com/armed-forces-radio-presents-jubilee-otr-jazz-music-mp3-dv3.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Golden Age Of Rock 'N' Roll DVD, MP4 Video Download, Flash Drive
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 2006: #DOTD: #RIP: James
Brown, African American singer-songwriter, dancer, bandleader,
musician, record producer and actor (The Famous Flames and The
J.B.'s) (b. May 3, 1933) #dies at a hospital in Atlanta, Georgia
at approximately 1:45_a.m. EST at age 73 from congestive heart
failure, resulting from complications of pneumonia. His longtime
manager Charles Bobbit was at his bedside and later reported that
Brown stuttered, "I'm going away tonight", then took
three long, quiet breaths and fell asleep before dying. He is
buried at Thomas Family Home Crypt in the home of his daughter
Deanna Brown Thomas in Beech Island, South Carolina. In 2019, an
investigation by CNN and other journalists led to suggestions by
Jacque Hollander that Brown had been murdered; Marvin Crawford,
the doctor who signed Brown's death certificate and later told CNN
reporter Thomas Lake that he was "highly suspicious that
somebody perhaps could have given him an illicit substance that
led to his death". After Brown's death, his relatives, a host
of celebrities, and thousands of fans gathered, on December 28,
2006, for a public memorial service at the Apollo Theater in New
York City and, on December 30, 2006, at the James Brown Arena in
Augusta, Georgia. A separate, private ceremony was held in North
Augusta, South Carolina, on December 29, 2006, with Brown's family
in attendance. Celebrities at these various memorial events
included Michael Jackson, Jimmy Cliff, Joe Frazier, Buddy Guy, Ice
Cube, Ludacris, Dr. Dre, Little Richard, Dick Gregory, MC Hammer,
Prince, Jesse Jackson, Ice-T, Jerry Lee Lewis, Bootsy Collins, LL
Cool J, Lil Wayne, Lenny Kravitz, 50 Cent, Stevie Wonder, and Don
King. Rev. Al Sharpton officiated at all of Brown's public and
private memorial services. Brown signed his last will and
testament on August 1, 2000, before an attorney for Brown's
estate, J. Strom Thurmond Jr., son of segregationist Strom Thurmon
Sr. (whom Brown amazingly considered a mentor). During the reading
of the will on January 11, 2007, Thurmond revealed that Brown's
six adult living children were named in the document, while
Brown's newly wedded wife Hynie, and their child James II, Brown's
will had been signed 10 months before James II was born and more
than a year before Brown's marriage to Tomi Rae Hynie. On January
27, 2015, Judge Doyet Early III ruled that Tomi Rae Hynie Brown
was officially the widow of James Brown. The decision was based on
the grounds that Hynie's previous marriage was invalid and that
James Brown had abandoned his efforts to annul his own marriage to
Hynie. On February 19, 2015, the South Carolina Supreme Court
intervened, halting all lower court actions in the estate and
undertaking to review previous actions itself. The South Carolina
Court of Appeals in July 2018 ruled that Hynie was, in fact, Mr.
Brown's wife. In 2020, the South Carolina Supreme Court ruled that
Hynie had not been legally married to Brown and did not have a
right to his estate. It was reported in July 2021 that Brown's
family had reached a settlement ending the 15-year battle over the
estate. James Brown was born James Joseph Brown into extreme
poverty in Barnwell, South Carolina, to 16-year-old Susie (nee
Behling; 1916-2004) and 21-year-old Joseph Gardner Brown
(1912-1993) in a small wooden shack. Brown's name was supposed to
have been Joseph James Brown, but his first and middle names were
mistakenly reversed on his birth certificate. In his
autobiography, Brown stated that his father was of mixed African
American and Native American descent, while his mother was of
mixed African American and Chinese descent. James Brown was a
progenitor of funk music and a major figure of 20th-century music
and dance; he is often referred to as the "Godfather of
Soul". In a career that lasted 50 years, he influenced the
development of several music genres. Brown began his career as a
gospel singer in Toccoa, Georgia. He joined an Rhythm and Blues
vocal group, the Gospel Starlighters (which later evolved into the
Famous Flames) founded by Bobby Byrd, in which he was the lead
singer. First coming to national public attention in the late
1950s as a member of the singing group The Famous Flames with the
hit ballads "Please, Please, Please" and "Try Me",
Brown built a reputation as a tireless live performer with the
Famous Flames and his backing band, sometimes known as the James
Brown Band or the James Brown Orchestra. His success peaked in the
1960s with the live album Live at the Apollo and hit singles such
as "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag", "I Got You (I Feel
Good)" and "It's a Man's Man's Man's World". During
the late 1960s, Brown moved from a continuum of blues and
gospel-based forms and styles to a profoundly "Africanized"
approach to music-making that influenced the development of funk
music. By the early 1970s, Brown had fully established the funk
sound after the formation of the J.B.s with records such as "Get
Up (I Feel Like Being a) Sex Machine" and "The Payback".
He also became noted for songs of social commentary, including the
1968 hit "Say It Loud - I'm Black and I'm Proud". Brown
continued to perform and record until his death from pneumonia in
2006. Brown was inducted into 1st class of the National Rhythm and
Blues Hall of Fame in 2013 as an artist and then in 2017 as a
songwriter. Brown recorded 17 singles that reached number one on
the Billboard R & B charts. He also holds the record for the
most singles listed on the Billboard Hot 100 chart which did not
reach No. 1. Brown has received honors from many institutions,
including inductions into The Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame and
Songwriters Hall of Fame. In Joel Whitburn's analysis of the
Billboard R & B charts from 1942 to 2010, Brown is ranked No.
1 in The Top 500 Artists. He is ranked No. 7 on Rolling Stone's
list of its 100 greatest artists of all time. Rolling Stone has
also cited Brown as the most sampled artist of all time.
https://store.earthstation1.com/the-golden-age-of-rock-39n39-roll-dvd-complete-tv-series-5-39395.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: That
Rhythm, Those Blues + Bonus The Death Of R & B? MP4 Download
DVD
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 2016: #DOTD: #RIP: George
Michael, English singer, songwriter, record producer, and
philanthropist who rose to fame as a member of the music duo Wham!
and later embarked on a solo career (b. June 25, 1963) #diesi the
early hours of Christmas Day 2016, Michael was found dead at his
home in Goring-on-Thames, Oxfordshire aged 53. A coroner's report
attributed his death to natural causes (dilated cardiomyopathy
with myocarditis [both diseases of an enlarged heart) and a fatty
liver). He is buried at Highgate Cemetery West in Highgate, London
Borough of Camden, Greater London, England. George Michael was
born Georgios Kyriacos Panayiotou in East Finchley, Middlesex,
England. Michael sold over 80 million records worldwide making him
one of the best-selling music artists of all time. He achieved
seven number one songs on the UK Singles Chart and eight number
one songs on the US Billboard Hot 100. He was widely known for his
success in the 1980s and 1990s, including Wham! singles such as
"Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go" and "Last Christmas"
and solo singles such as "Careless Whisper" and "Faith".
Michael formed the duo Wham! with Andrew Ridgeley in 1981. The
band's first two albums, Fantastic (1983) and Make It Big (1984),
reached number one on the UK Albums Chart and the US Billboard
200. Michael's first solo single "Careless Whisper"
reached number one in over 20 countries, including the UK and US.
Michael's debut solo album, Faith, was released in 1987, topping
the UK Albums Chart and staying at number one on the Billboard 200
for 12 weeks. Four singles from the album--"Faith",
"Father Figure", "One More Try", and
"Monkey"-reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100.
Faith was named Album of the Year at the 31st Grammy Awards. Three
years after the release of Faith, Listen Without Prejudice Vol. 1
(1990) was released; that album included the Billboard Hot 100
number one "Praying for Time". "Don't Let the Sun
Go Down on Me", a 1991 duet with Elton John, was also a
transatlantic number one. Michael, who came out as gay in 1998,
was an active LGBT rights campaigner and HIV/AIDS charity
fundraiser. Michael's personal life and legal troubles made
headlines during the late 1990s and 2000s, as he was arrested for
public lewdness in 1998 and was arrested for multiple drug-related
offences after that time. The 2005 documentary A Different Story
covered his career and personal life. Michael's first tour since
1991, the 25 Live tour, spanned three tours over the course of
three years; 2006, 2007, and 2008. Four years later, he performed
his final concert at London's Earls Court in 2012. Michael won
various music awards including two Grammy Awards, three Brit
Awards, three American Music Awards, four MTV Video Music Awards
and six Ivor Novello Awards. In 2004, the Radio Academy named
Michael the most played artist on British radio during the period
1984-2004. In 2008, he was ranked 40th on Billboard's list of the
Greatest Hot 100 Artists of All Time.
https://store.earthstation1.com/that-rhythm-those-blues-dvd-american-black-rampb-music-history.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Long
Shadows: Civil War Legacy DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1868: The American Civil War
(The Civil War, The War Between The States): The Western Theater
Of The American Civil War: Pardons For Ex-Confederates: --
President Andrew Johnson issues the final proclamation of general
amnesty and unconditional pardon to all those involved in the
Civil War, declaring "unconditionally, and without
reservation, ... a full pardon and amnesty for the offence of
treason against the United States, or of adhering to their enemies
during the late civil war, with restoration of all rights,
privileges, and immunities under the Constitution and the laws
...". Pardons for ex-Confederates were given by US Presidents
Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson, and was usually extended for
those who had served in the military above the rank of colonel or
civilians who had exercised political power under the Confederate
government. The power to pardon offences to the US government was
given to the chief executive in the US Constitution under Article
II.
https://store.earthstation1.com/long-shadows-dvd-legacy-of-the-american-civil-war.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Jack
Benny Presents Golden Memories Of Radio LPs CD, MP3 Download, USB
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1982: #DOTD: #RIP: Jack
Pearl, vaudeville performer and a star of early radio, best known
for his character Baron Munchausen (b. October 29, 1894) #dies in
New York at the age of 88. He is buried at Mount Hebron Cemetery
in Flushing, Queens County, New York. Born Jack Perlman in New
York, Pearl debuted as an entertainer in School Days, the
vaudeville act of songwriter and vaudevillian Gus Edwards. He made
the transition from vaudeville to broadcasting when he introduced
his character Baron Munchausen on The Ziegfeld Follies of the Air
in 1932. His creation was loosely based on the Baron Munchausen
literary character. As the Baron, Pearl would tell far-fetched
stories with a comic German accent. When the straight man
(originally Ben Bard, but later Cliff Hall) expressed skepticism,
the Baron replied with his familiar tagline and punchline: "Vass
you dere, Sharlie?" This catch phrase soon became part of the
national lexicon. (Typical of the dialogue: Hall: "You seem
to be effervescent tonight." Munchausen: "Haff you effer
seen me ven I effer vasn't?") Pearl played this character and
others in Broadway musical revues of the 1920s and 1930s: The
Dancing Girl (1923), Topics of 1923 (1923-1924), A Night in Paris
(1926), Artists and Models (1927-1928), Pleasure Bound (1929),
International Review (1930), Ziegfeld Follies of 1931, Pardon My
English (1933) and All for All (1943). In 1923, Pearl and Wilkie
Bard appeared in early tests of the Lee DeForest sound-on-film
process Phonofilm which are now in the UCLA Film and Television
Archive. Pearl's radio career included stints as the host of The
Lucky Strike Hour (1932-34) and The Jack Pearl Show, which ran
from late 1936 through early 1937, sponsored by Raleigh and Kool
Cigarettes. The success of his first radio series brought him to
the attention of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. He starred as his character
in one feature film, Meet the Baron (1933) with Jimmy Durante,
Edna May Oliver, ZaSu Pitts and the Three Stooges. He also appears
in Ben Bard and Jack Pearl (1926), a film of their vaudeville act
made in the DeForest Phonofilm sound-on-film process, and
Hollywood Party (1934). With the cancellation of his second radio
series, Pearl found himself struggling to find work. He continued
in radio with shows like, Jack and Cliff (1948), The Pet Milk Show
(1950), and The Baron and the Bee (1952), a quiz show, but he
never recaptured his mid-1930s fame. In 1934, a juvenile novel,
Jack Pearl as Detective Baron Munchausen, was based on his radio
scripts. On February 8, 1960, he received a star at 1680 Vine
Street on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his radio work. Pearl
died in New York in 1982. He was an uncle to the agent and
producer Bernie Brillstein. Pearl was married to Winifred
Desborough.
https://store.earthstation1.com/jack-benny-presents-golden-memories-of-radio-6-album-set-mp3-63.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Nat
King Cole Show 1956-1957 TV Series MP4 Video Download DVD Set
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1913: #BOTD: #HBD! Tony
Martin, American actor and popular singer (d. July 27, 2012) is
#born Alvin Morris, in San Francisco, the son of Hattie (nee
Smith) and Edward Clarence Morris. His family was Jewish, and all
of his grandparents had emigrated from Eastern Europe. His career
spanned over seven decades, and he scored dozens of hits between
the late-1930s and mid-1950s with songs such as "Walk Hand in
Hand" and "Stranger in Paradise". He was married to
actress and dancer Cyd Charisse for 60 years until her death in
2008. Tony Martin died in the evening of of natural causes in Los
Angeles, California,, aged 98. Martin is buried at the Hillside
Memorial Park Cemetery in Culver City, California.
https://store.earthstation1.com/the-nat-king-cole-show-dvd-set-2-discs-classic-music-t2.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Jimi
Plays Monterey Jimi Hendrix DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1945: #BOTD: #HBD! Noel
Redding, English rock musician, best known as the bass player for
the Jimi Hendrix Experience and guitarist/singer for Fat Mattress
(d. May 11, 2003) is #born David Noel Redding at the Royal
Victoria Hospital in Folkestone, Kent on Christmas Day, hence the
name "Noel". Following his departure from the Experience
in 1969 and the dissolution of Fat Mattress in 1970, Redding
formed the short-lived group Road in the United States, which
released the self-titled album Road before he re-located to
Clonakilty, Ireland, in 1972. There he formed the Noel Redding
Band with former Thin Lizzy guitarist Eric Bell, with whom he
released two albums. Although by the 1980s Redding had largely
removed himself from the music business, he would later perform
around his new hometown with wife Carol Appleby. He was inducted
into The Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame in 1992 as a member of the
Jimi Hendrix Experience. Noel Redding died at age 57 in his home
in Clonakilty, Ireland, three weeks after the death of his mother.
A postmortem was carried out on May 13 at Cork University Hospital
in Wilton, Cork that concluded Redding had died from "shock
haemorrhage due to oesophageal varices in reaction to cirrhosis of
the liver". His remains were cremated; the final disposition
of his ashes are not publicly known.
https://store.earthstation1.com/jimi-plays-monterey-dvd-complete-monterey-pop-performance.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: FM 1978
Michael Brandon Eileen Brennan Martin Mull DVD, Download, USB
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1946: #BOTD: #HBD! Jimmy
Buffett, American singer, songwriter, guitarist, producer, actor,
author and businessmen (d. September 1, 2023) is #born James
William Buffett in Pascagoula, Mississippi. He was known for his
tropical rock sound and persona, which often portrayed a lifestyle
described as "island escapism" and promoted enjoying
life and following passions. Buffett recorded many hit songs known
as "The Big 8": "Margaritaville" (1977), which
is ranked 234th on the Recording Industry Association of America's
list of "Songs of the Century"; "Come Monday"
(1974); "Fins" (1979); "Volcano" (1979); "A
Pirate Looks at Forty" (1974); "Cheeseburger in
Paradise" (1978); "Why Don't We Get Drunk" (1973);
and "Changes in Latitudes, Changes in Attitudes" (1977).
His other popular songs include "Son of a Son of a Sailor"
(1978), "One Particular Harbour" (1983), and "It's
Five O'Clock Somewhere" with Alan Jackson (2003). Buffett
formed the Coral Reefer Band in 1975. Of the over 30 albums
released by Buffett, eight are certified gold and nine are
certified platinum or multi-platinum by the RIAA. In total,
Buffett sold over 20 million certified records worldwide, placing
him amongst the world's best-selling music artists. Buffett also
parlayed the "island escapism" lifestyle of his music
into several business ventures, including Jimmy Buffett's
Margaritaville restaurant chain, the now-defunct Cheeseburger in
Paradise restaurant chain, and ventures in hotels, casinos,
liquor, and retirement communities. Buffett was one of the world's
richest musicians, with a net worth of 1B USD He was also a
bestselling author. His devoted fan base, composed mostly of baby
boomers, are known as "Parrotheads". Jimmy Buffett died
aged 76 at his home in Sag Harbor, New York, due to complications
from Merkel-cell carcinoma, a rare and aggressive skin cancer,
with which he had been diagnosed four years earlier. Prior to his
death, Buffett had kept his illness private and continued to tour
while undergoing treatment. He was cremated at the Long Island
Cremation Company in West Babylon, New York; some of his ashes
were scattered in the Atlantic Ocean off Key West, Florida, and
some osit above the cash register at The Full Moon Saloon in Key
West. https://store.earthstation1.com/fm-19781978.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Classic
Baby Boomer Bloopers Video Collection DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1995: #DOTD: #RIP: Dean
Martin, American singer, actor, comedian and producer (b. June 7,
1917) #dies of acute respiratory failure resulting from emphysema
caused by heavy cigarette smoking at his Beverly Hills home on at
the age of 78, twenty-nine years to the day, and almost to the
minute, after his mother died. The lights of the Las Vegas Strip
were dimmed in his honor. Martin's body is interred at the
Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery in Los Angeles. The crypt
features the epitaph "Everybody Loves Somebody Sometime",
the title of his signature song. He was born Dino Paul Crocettii n
Steubenville, Ohio, the son of Italian father Gaetano Alfonso
Crocetti (1894-1967) and Italian-American mother Angela Crocetti
(nee Barra; 1899-1966). One of the most popular and enduring
American entertainers of the mid-20th century, Martin was
nicknamed "The King of Cool" for his seemingly
effortless charisma and self-assurance. Martin gained his career
breakthrough together with fellow comedian Jerry Lewis, billed as
Martin & Lewis, in 1946. They performed in nightclubs and
later had numerous appearances on radio, television and in films.
Following an acrimonious ending of the partnership in 1956, Martin
pursued a solo career as a performer and actor. Martin established
himself as a notable singer, recording numerous contemporary songs
as well as standards from the Great American Songbook. He became
one of the most popular acts in Las Vegas and was known for his
friendship with fellow artists Frank Sinatra and Sammy Davis Jr.,
who together formed the Rat Pack. Starting in 1964, Martin was the
host of the television variety program The Dean Martin Show, which
centred on Martin's singing talents and was characterized by his
relaxed, easy-going demeanour. From 1974 to 1984 he was
roastmaster on the popular Dean Martin Celebrity Roast, which drew
notable celebrities, comedians and politicians. Throughout his
career, Martin performed in concert stages, nightclubs, audio
recordings and appeared in 85 film and television productions. His
relaxed, warbling, crooning voice earned him dozens of hit
singles, including his signature songs "Memories Are Made of
This", "That's Amore", "Everybody Loves
Somebody", "You're Nobody till Somebody Loves You",
"Sway", "Ain't That a Kick in the Head?" and
"Volare".
https://store.earthstation1.com/classic-baby-boomer-bloopers-tv-amp-movie-blooper-outtakes-dvd.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Bank Of
Crooks & Criminals The BCCI Scandal DVD MP4 Download USB Drive
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1906: #BOTD: #HBD! Clark
Clifford, American naval captain, lawyer, and politician,
political adviser to Democratic presidents Harry S. Truman, John
F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, and Jimmy Carter, 9th United States
Secretary Of Defense (d. October 10, 1998) is #born Clark McAdams
Clifford in Fort Scott, Kansas. Clark Clifford's official
government positions were White House Counsel (1946-1950),
Chairman of the President's Intelligence Advisory Board
(1963-1968), and Secretary Of Defense (1968-1969); Clifford was
also influential in his role as an unofficial, informal
presidential adviser in various issues. A successful Washington
lawyer, he was known for his elite clientele, charming manners,
and impeccable suits. All four Democratic presidents of the Cold
War era employed Clifford's services and relied on his counsel,
marking him as one of the ultimate Washington insiders. Emblematic
of Clifford's influence in postwar Democratic presidential
administrations was the fact that after Jimmy Carter won the 1976
presidential election, his transition team was adamant that
Clifford, as a symbol of the DC establishment, should not have any
influence whatsoever, declaring that "if you ever see us
relying on Clark Clifford, you'll know we have failed", yet
Carter eventually came to rely on him nonetheless. In his later
years, Clifford became involved in several controversies. He was a
key figure in the Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI)
scandal, which led to a grand jury indictment. Clark Clifford died
from natural causes in 1998 at age 91, Not long after a final,
frail appearance in the 1997 PBS television documentary Truman. He
is buried at Arlington National Cemetery, in Arlington, Virginia.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Million
Dollar Legs 1932 W. C. Fields & Jack Oakie DVD, MP4, USB Stick
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1946: #DOTD: #RIP: W. C.
Fields, American actor, comedian, juggler, screenwriter and racist
(b. January 29, 1880) #dies at the Las Encinas Sanatorium in
Pasadena, California of a massive gastric hemorrhage on the
holiday he said he despised at the age of 66. Fields' funeral took
place on January 2, 1947, in Glendale, California. His cremation,
as directed in his will, was delayed pending resolution of an
objection filed by Hattie and Claude Fields on religious grounds.
They also contested a clause leaving a portion of his estate to
establish a "W. C. Fields College For Orphan White Boys And
Girls, where no religion of any sort is to be preached".
After a lengthy period of litigation his remains were cremated on
June 2, 1949, and his ashes interred at the Forest Lawn Memorial
Park Cemetery in Glendale. He once quipped ""I am free
of all prejudice. I hate everyone equally." Born William
Claude Dukenfield, his comic persona was a misanthropic and
hard-drinking egotist, who remained a sympathetic character
despite his snarling contempt for dogs and children. His career in
show business began in vaudeville, where he attained international
success as a silent juggler. He gradually incorporated comedy into
his act, and was a featured comedian in the Ziegfeld Follies for
several years. He became a star in the Broadway musical comedy
Poppy (1923), in which he played a colorful small-time con man.
His subsequent stage and film roles were often similar scoundrels,
or else henpecked everyman characters. Among his recognizable
trademarks were his raspy drawl and grandiloquent vocabulary. The
characterization he portrayed in films and on radio was so strong
it was generally identified with Fields himself.
https://store.earthstation1.com/million-dollar-legs-1932-dvd-wc-fields-jack-o1933.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Color
Adjustment 40 Years Of Black America On Broadcast TV DVD MP4 USB
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1943: #BOTD: #HBD! Eric
Monte, African American screenwriter and TV series creator, known
for his work in depicting 1970s African American culture, writer
and co-creator of several sitcoms for television such as Good
Times (with actor and screenwriter Mike Evans) and The Jeffersons,
as well as What's Happening!! and its spin off series, What's
Happening Now!! which were based on his coming of age film Cooley
High, itself based on Monte's high school experiences, is #born
Kenneth Williams in Chicago, Illinois. Monte was raised in the
Cabrini-Green housing project on the near-north side. During his
junior year, Monte dropped out of Cooley Vocational High School
and enlisted in the United States Army. Soon after his stint in
the army, Monte hitchhiked to Hollywood. His first big break came
five years later, with a script written for and accepted by All in
the Family, which eventually contributed to the spawning of The
Jeffersons. From there, he produced two 1970s sitcoms: Good Times
(which he co-created with The Jeffersons star Mike Evans) and
What's Happening!! (which was based on his screenplay for the
motion picture Cooley High (1975). (Cooley High also inspired the
CBS television show The White Shadow (November 27, 1978 to March
16, 1981), starring Ken Howard. According to the Los Angeles
Times, in 1977 he filed a lawsuit accusing CBS, Tandem
Productions, producers Norman Lear and Jerry Perenchio, and others
of stealing his ideas for Good Times, The Jeffersons (an All in
the Family spinoff), and What's Happening!! Eventually, he says,
he received a 1M USD settlement and a small percentage of the
residuals from Good Times, but opportunities to pitch new scripts
dried up after the lawsuit. Since Good Times ended, the only
scripts he's written that have been produced by Hollywood are
single episodes of The Wayans Bros. and of Moesha, the latter of
which Monte has called "the absolute worst script I've ever
written". He took part of the settlement money to finance the
production of a play he had written, titled If They Come Back. The
play was a commercial failure, and significantly contributed to
Monte's financial ruin. After falling on hard times, by 2003, his
drinking had worsened, and he had developed an addiction to crack
cocaine. He later declared bankruptcy, and by 2006, found himself
living in a Salvation Army homeless shelter in Bell, California.
He appeared to maintain sobriety there as the shelter required
regular drug tests, and he pursued attempts to sell television and
film scripts as well as a self-published book called Blueprint for
Peace. Late in 2006, Monte moved back to Chicago. As of 2024,
Monte lives in Portland, Oregon.
https://store.earthstation1.com/color-adjustment-40-years-of-black-americans-on-tv-dvd-download-u40.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Color
Adjustment 40 Years Of Black America On Broadcast TV DVD MP4 USB
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1932: #BOTD: #HBD! Mabel
King, African American actress and singer, known for her role as
Mabel "Mama" Thomas on the ABC sitcom What's
Happening!!, where she popularized the catch phrase "This is
true", from its premiere in 1976 until the end of its second
season in 1978 (d. November 9, 1999) is #born Mabel Elizabeth
Washington in Charleston, South Carolina, the daughter of Rosalie
Washington and Joseph Washington. She was raised in Harlem, New
York where she eventually became a gospel and nightclub singer. .
King was also known for portraying Evillene the Witch, a role she
originated in the stage musical The Wiz and reprised in Sidney
Lumet's 1978 film adaptation. She recorded on the Rama Records and
Amy Records labels. King was diabetic and in 1986 one of her toes
was amputated as a result of the disease. In 1990, King suffered a
stroke and entered the Motion Picture & Television Country
House and Hospital in Woodland Hills, California, effectively
ending her professional career. In 1991, King's diabetes resulted
in the amputation of her left leg. In 1994, her right leg was also
amputated. King would also lose one of her arms to diabetes. King
died in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, California at the age of 66.
Her remains were cremated; the final disposition of her ashes is
not publicly disclosed other than that they were given to her
family or friend(s).
https://store.earthstation1.com/color-adjustment-40-years-of-black-americans-on-tv-dvd-download-u40.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: W.C.
Fields Old Time Radio Shows MP3 Set CD, Audio Download, USB Drive
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1979 #DOTD: #RIP: Joan
Blondell, American actress and reputed nymphomaniac who performed
in film and television for 50 years (b. August 30, 1906) #dies
aged 73 of leukemia in Santa Monica, California, with her children
and her sister at her bedside. Here remains were cremated and her
ashes interred in a columbarium at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park
Cemetery in Glendale, California. Joan Blondell was born Rose Joan
Blondell in New York City into a vaudeville family; Blondell began
her career in vaudeville. After winning a beauty pageant, she
embarked on a film career, establishing herself as a Pre-Code
staple of Warner Bros. Pictures in wisecracking, sexy roles,
appearing in more than 100 films and television productions. She
was most active in film during the 1930s and early 1940s, and
during that time co-starred with Glenda Farrell, a colleague and
close friend, in nine films. Blondell continued acting on film and
television for the rest of her life, often in small, supporting
roles. She was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting
Actress for her performance in The Blue Veil (1951). In 1958, she
was nominated the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play
for her performance as Mrs. Farrow in The Rope Dancers. Near the
end of her life, Blondell was nominated for a Golden Globe for
Best Supporting Actress for her performance in Opening Night
(1977). She was featured in two more films, the blockbuster
musical Grease (1978) and Franco Zeffirelli's The Champ (1979),
which was released shortly before her death.
https://store.earthstation1.com/w-c-fields-radio-shows-mp3s-set-on-c3.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Verna:
USO Girl (1978) TV Docudrama Sissy Spacek DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 1949: #BOTD: #HBD! Sissy
Spacek, American actress, singer and beauty, is #born Mary
Elizabeth Spacek in Quitman, Texas. She is the recipient of
numerous accolades, including an Academy Award, three Golden Globe
Awards, a Screen Actors Guild Award, and nominations for four
British Academy Film Awards, three Primetime Emmy Awards, and a
Grammy Award. Spacek was honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk
of Fame in 2011. Spacek initially aspired to a career as a
recording artist. In 1968, at age 18, she recorded a single,
"John, You Went Too Far This Time," under the name
Rainbo. Spacek began her professional acting career in the early
1970s, making her debut as an extra in Andy Warhol's Women in
Revolt (1971). Her breakout role came with Terrence Malick's
influential crime film Badlands (1973), which earned her a
nomination for the British Academy Film Award for Most Promising
Newcomer to Leading Film Roles. She rose to international
prominence with her portrayal of Carrie White in Brian De Palma's
horror film Carrie (1976), for which she received her first
nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress. After appearing
in the acclaimed films Welcome to L.A. (1976) and Robert Altman's
3 Women (1977), Spacek won the Academy Award for Best Actress for
her portrayal of Loretta Lynn in the biographical musical film
Coal Miner's Daughter (1980). Spacek's other Oscar-nominated roles
include Missing (1982), The River (1984), Crimes of the Heart
(1986), and In the Bedroom (2001). Her other prominent films
include Raggedy Man (1981), JFK (1991), Affliction (1997), The
Straight Story (1999), Tuck Everlasting (2002), Nine Lives (2005),
North Country (2005), Four Christmases (2008), Get Low (2010), The
Help (2011), and The Old Man & the Gun (2018). She received
Primetime Emmy Award nominations for the television films The Good
Old Boys (1995) and Last Call (2002), and for her guest role on
the HBO drama series Big Love (2011). She portrayed matriarch
Sally Rayburn on the Netflix drama thriller series Bloodline
(2015-2017), Ruth Deaver on the Hulu psychological horror series
Castle Rock (2018), and Ellen Bergman on the Amazon Prime Video
psychological thriller series Homecoming (2018). Spacek has also
ventured into music, and recorded vocals for the soundtrack album
of Coal Miner's Daughter, which peaked at number two on the
Billboard Top Country Albums Chart and garnered her a nomination
for the Grammy Award for Best Female Country Vocal Performance.
She also released a studio album, Hangin' Up My Heart (1983),
which was critically well-received and peaked at number 17 on
Billboard Top Country Albums chart.
https://store.earthstation1.com/verna-uso-girl-dvd-sissy-spacek-howard-da-silva-sally-kellerman.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: St.
Louis Blues 1958 Nat King Cole + Bonus W. C. Handy Tribute DVD MP4
Today, December 25, 2025December 25, 2008: #DOTD: #RIP: Eartha
Kitt, African American singer, actress, dancer, voice actress,
comedienne, activist, author, songwriter, beauty and sex symbol
known for her highly distinctive singing style and her 1953
recordings of "C'est si bon" and the Christmas novelty
song "Santa Baby", both of which reached the top 10 on
the Billboard Hot 100 (b. January 17, 1927) #dies of colon cancer
three weeks short of her 82nd birthday at her home in Westport,
Connecticut. Her remains were cremated, and her ashes were cast
into a birdbath at her home. Eartha Kitt was born Eartha Mae Keith
on a cotton plantation near the small town of North, South
Carolina, or St. Matthews, South Carolina. Orson Welles once
called her the "most exciting woman in the world". Her
mother Annie Mae Keith was of Cherokee and African descent. Though
she had little knowledge of her father, it was reported that he
was a son of the owner of the farm where she had been born, and
that Kitt was conceived by rape. In a 2013 biography, British
journalist John Williams claimed that Kitt's father was a white
man, a local doctor named Daniel Sturkie. Kitt's daughter, Kitt
McDonald, has questioned the accuracy of the claim. Eartha's
mother, Annie Mae Keith (later Annie Mae Riley), soon went to live
with a black man who refused to accept Eartha because of her
relatively pale complexion; she was raised by a relative named
Aunt Rosa, in whose household she was abused. After the death of
Annie Mae, Eartha was sent to live with another relative named
Mamie Kitt (who may, in fact, have been her biological mother) in
Harlem, New York City, where she attended the Metropolitan
Vocational High School (later renamed the High School of
Performing Arts). Kitt began her career in 1942 and appeared in
the 1945 original Broadway theatre production of the musical Carib
Song. In the early 1950s, she had six US Top 30 hits, including
"Uska Dara" and "I Want to Be Evil". Her other
notable recordings include the UK Top 10 hit "Under the
Bridges of Paris" (1954), "Just an Old Fashioned Girl"
(1956) and "Where Is My Man" (1983). She starred as
Catwoman in the third and final season of the television series
Batman in 1967. In 1968, her career in the U.S. deteriorated after
she made anti-Vietnam War statements at a White House luncheon.
Ten years later, she made a successful return to Broadway in the
1978 original production of the musical Timbuktu!, for which she
received the first of her two Tony Award nominations. Her second
was for the 2000 original production of the musical The Wild
Party. Kitt wrote three autobiographies. Kitt found a new
generation of fans through her roles in the Disney films The
Emperor's New Groove (2000), in which she voiced the villainous
Yzma, and Holes (2003). She reprised the role as Yzma in the
direct-to-video sequel Kronk's New Groove (2005), as well as the
animated series The Emperor's New School (2006-2008). Her work on
the latter earned her two Daytime Emmy Awards. She posthumously
won a third Emmy in 2010 for her guest performance on Wonder
Pets!.
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