EarthStation1 MediaOutlet News: Today's 15% Off Specials & #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Titles At EarthStation1.com!

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Babes In Toyland 1986 Keanu Reeves Drew Barrymore DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5: Light Up A Life Day: -- A holiday held every year on in Ireland that takes place close to Christmas right, when Christmas lights are going up. The holiday is an opportunity for people to put up lights that honor loved ones they may have lost. The day is a celebration of life and a great way to remember those who have left us. It helps to keep the memories alive and provides emotional relief for anyone who may be grieving during the holidays. The holidays are a time we usually set aside to spend with the people we love. When those people are gone, it can be very difficult to cope. Commemorating them with others makes it easier. Light up A Life Day is a special holiday that is all about honoring the memories of loved ones who have passed away. It is observed on December 5 every year. Hospitals and hospices have adopted the tradition to help people cope with grief. The first Light up a Life was held in 1996. The Light up A Life event helps to raise funds for patients who are in hospice care. The more donations they receive, the better care patients can receive when they need it the most. The events are held in different establishments around Ireland. Each location hosts the event differently. Some hospices allow the families of former patients to add lights to a displayed Christmas tree. The donation for the lighting of the tree goes to the current patients receiving care. It is a chance for the families to honor their lost loved ones by paying it forward and helping others. Depending on how the organization observes the day, you can participate and help make a hard time a bit more comfortable for people. In the United States, the first hospice was opened in the year 1974. It was located on the outskirts of New Haven, Connecticut. That is where the first National Symposium on Hospice Care was convened. Connecticut Hospice in Branford, Connecticut was founded by Florence Wald, along with two pediatricians and a chaplain. Hospice care became very popular in the country. They opened in all 50 states, Puerto Rico, the District Of Columbia, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/babes-in-toyland-1986--keanu-reeves-drew-barrymore-dvd-mp19864.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: An Old Time Radio Christmas MP3 Set DVD, Audio Download, USB Stick
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5: Krampusnacht: -- The Feast of St. Nicholas is celebrated across Germany, Austria, Croatia, other European countries, and Australia, and over the years, Krampusnacht's popularity has grown in North America as well. Krampusnacht is a celebration of the devil Krampus, who is believed to be a creature that is half-man, half-goat. He is depicted as being hairy with large horns, a goat's cloven hooves, red eyes, and fangs. However, the depictions of the Krampus vary from region to region. In some depictions, the Krampus is shown wearing chains, and the people wearing Krampus costumes often thrash around in the chains for maximum effect. The chains are to represent the binding of the Devil by Jesus Christ, in Christian mythology. The Krampus carries bundles of 'ruten' or twigs he uses to swat misbehaving children. For the celebrations, these bundles are handed to families so children remember the threat of the Krampus throughout the year and behave themselves. In countries where Krampusnacht is celebrated, St. Nicholas gives gifts to the children, but if they misbehave, the Krampus arrives to take the gifts away and give the children coal and ruten instead. Throughout the night on December 5, men dress up as the Krampus, drink alcohol, and celebrate on the streets. While the origins of the Krampus are unclear, the idea of a horned demonic entity is pre-Christian. Such a pagan entity may have been absorbed into the seasonal traditions to become part of the celebrations leading up to Christmas. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/christmas-radio-mp3-dvd-old-time-broadcast-antholog3.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Classic Family Values Films 1934-1957 DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5: National Communicate With Your Kids Day: -- A special day that promotes and spreads awareness about the importance of communicating with your kids. Did you know that kids who have good communication with their parents come out successful in life? Yes, parents who communicate with their kids often build a great relationship with them and also send their kids a message that they value their thoughts and feelings. So, what exactly is this National Communicate With Your Kids Day all about and why is it important? Parents, let's be frank - life is busy and, in between work and life responsibilities, you might miss a few moments with your children. Don't worry, you're not alone. Many parents worry that they don't spend enough time with their children, wondering if this will lead to developmental delays. This is why National Communicate With Your Kids Day was created; to communicate with your kids to develop a friendly relationship so that they can share their personal feelings, which can avoid many problems in life. Effective communication is a very important skill that is necessary at all stages of life. The better we are at it, the better our quality of life will be. Communication starts as soon as the child is born, from letting the mother know that we have arrived with our first cry to everything thereafter. So, as the child develops, it is important we nurture their communication skills so they are capable of expressing themselves clearly and confidently in all aspects and areas of their life. Even as the child grows older, being able to communicate with employers is critical, regardless of the industry or career they pursue. Good communication skills are listed among the most desirable skills in nearly every job description. Thus, like any other skill, communication skills can be developed and fine-tuned with practice. But by helping develop good communication skills in a child from their youth, as a parent, you are equipping them straight away with the skills to build a successful future. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/classic-family-values-films-193419341957.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Demon Rum: Prohibition In America DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5: National Repeal Day: -- December 5, 1933: Prohibition in the United States ends as alcoholic beverage production, importation, transportation, and sale of is made constitutionally legal again with the ratification of the Twenty-First Amendment to the constitution, which repeals the Eighteenth Amendment that had established the prohibition of "intoxicating liquors". The repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which established Prohibition in the United States, was initiated on February 16, 1933 when Wisconsin Senator John J. Blaine introduced introduced and sponsored The Blaine in the the United States Senate, who passed it the next day, on February 17, 1933. The repeal was formally adopted as the 21st Amendment to the Constitution on December 5, 1933. On January 16, 1919, the United States ratified the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, requiring Prohibition in the United States one year after ratification. For nearly 14 years, until December 5, 1933, the manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages was illegal in the United States. The Amendment had the unexpected result of causing enormous growth of organized crime which provided bootleg liquor to thirsty Americans. #NationalRepealDay #TwentyFirstAmendmentToTheUnitedStatesConstitution #TwentyFirstAmendmentToTheUSConstitution #EighteenthAmendmentToTheUnitedStatesConstitution #EighteenthAmendmentToTheUSConstitution #USConstitution #BlaineAct #JohnJBlaine #Prohibition #ProhbitionOfAlchohol #Alcohol #AlcoholConsumption #AmericanHistory #TemperanceMovement #MP4 #VideoDownload #DVD On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/demon-rum-dvd-american-alcohol-prohibition.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: TV Commercials: The Classics Vol. 9 DVD, MP4 Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5: National Blue Jeans Day: -- Celebrates one of the cornerstones of Western fashion. Every American is estimated to own seven pairs of jeans. Since its introduction in the 1800s, denim has proved to be one of the most versatile, durable, and iconic clothing items. They're worn by people of all ages and from all backgrounds. Jeans have undergone dozens of changes over the years - from long and baggy to short and tight, dark to light, colorful to faded. Few clothes have such a variety of aesthetic options than denim jeans. On May 20, 1873, tailor Jacob Davis and businessman Levi Strauss obtained a patent from the U.S. government. This patent allowed them to place metal rivets in men's work pants for the first time. On this day, blue jeans as we know them were born. To be clear, Davis and Strauss did not invent blue jeans, but they were the first to produce this clothing item commercially in the U.S. They were known as waist overalls, catching on fast among American laborers. From ranch hands to railroad workers, factory employees to farmers, waist overalls were like a uniform for the working-class American. Workers loved them because their dark indigo color hid stains from oil and dirt. They also appreciated their durability because a pair of denim overalls could withstand the rigors of manual labor. Jeans slowly went mainstream in the 1930s. Thanks to Western films with cowboys in jeans, ordinary Americans began to embrace this blue-collar outfit as part of their everyday fashion. In the 1950s, at the height of America's conservative era, denim jeans were seen as non-conformist, synonymous with actors like James Dean from "Rebel Without A Cause." American youths jumped on the bandwagon; however, it was primarily men who wore jeans. Actress Brigitte Bardot was one of the first women to wear jeans in 1957. By the 1980s and 1990s, jeans were considered unisex. Variations in style, patterns, colors, and sizes were numerous. Waist overalls made a brief comeback, albeit as a fashion statement and not for practicality. Today, almost all types of jeans coexist, a rare thing for clothing and a testament to the versatility of denim. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/tv-commercials-the-classics-vol-9-dv9.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: United Nations Documentaries Set: 2 MP4 Downloads Or 2 DVDs
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5: International Volunteer Day (International Volunteer Day For Economic And Social Development Day): -- A day that recognizes the efforts of volunteers in transforming their societies, economies, and environment. On this day, members of the public focus on issues of concern in their communities. The goal is not just to get others to volunteer for one day but to change people's mindsets, attitudes, and behaviors so they become agents of change and work as partners to build a better world. In this world, sustainable human development and a spirit of equity underpin all interactions between one another. The first instance of volunteerism dates back to medieval Europe, where religion and care for the sick went hand-in-hand. Hundreds of hospitals run by churches in countries like England tended to lepers and victims of the plague. By the 18th century, volunteering had more to do with military service than giving back to the community. Organized volunteering as we know it today began to take off in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Organizations like the Red Cross, Lions Club, Rotary Club, and the Y.M.C.A. started collecting donations, mobilizing volunteers, and doing charity work and community service. In the U.S., volunteerism started during the Revolutionary Wars. It was more about ordinary people showing love for their country and supporting the war effort than the traditional faith-based charity work seen in other parts of the world. In the 1820s, the country experienced the Second Great Awakening, a rebirth of religion that inspired many ordinary Americans to take an active role in solving the issues around them. The Salvation Army, American Red Cross, and the United Way are some volunteer organizations that stepped up at this time. Following the Great Depression in the 1930s, homeless shelters and soup kitchens became a standard part of life in the U.S. Since 1985, the United Nations Volunteers Programme has coordinated International Volunteer Day on December 5. They've worked with civil society groups, government agencies, corporate entities, non-profits, individuals, and academic institutions to recognize the importance of volunteering in community and nation-building. Volunteerism remains one of the essential tools for developing a peaceful and sustainable world. This holiday aims to get as many people as possible involved in community service and volunteer work. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/united-nations-documentaries-set-dvd-mp4-download-usb-driv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Labor Union Films Collection DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5: National AFL-CIO Day: -- Marks the organization's establishment. They work hard to guarantee that all workers are treated properly, with adequate wages and benefits, safe jobs, dignity, and equal opportunity. Their work is centered on ensuring that everyone who works for a living can support their families and retire with dignity. They support legislation that invests tax resources in schools, roads, bridges, ports, and airports and improves workers' lives via education, job training, and a reasonable minimum wage. They argue for the strengthening of social security and private pensions, the implementation of equitable tax policies, and the availability of high-quality, affordable healthcare. The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (A.F.L.-CIO) has a long history of involvement in civil rights movements. The CIO's readiness to accept Black employees was one of the critical sources of dispute between the A.F.L. and the CIO, particularly after the CIO's split. Later, Blacks would accuse the CIO of forsaking their interests, especially after the merger with the A.F.L.. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered a speech to the organization's conference in Bal Harbour, Florida, in 1961, titled "If the Negro Wins, Labor Wins." King dreamed of a partnership between civil rights and labor that would better a lot of the whole working class by ending racial discrimination. However, King chastised the A.F.L.-CIO for tolerating unions that excluded Black employees. With the formation of the New Unity Partnership (N.U.P.), a loose alliance of some of the A.F.L.-major CIO's unions, the A.F.L.-CIO launched a heated internal discussion over the future of the labor movement in the U.S. in 2003. This issue heated up in 2004, following the defeat of labor-backed candidate John Kerry in the November 2004 United States presidential election. The International Longshore and Warehouse Union (I.L.W.U.) left the A.F.L.-CIO in August 2013. The I.L.W.U. claimed that members of other A.F.L.-CIO unions were crossing its picket lines and that the A.F.L.-CIO did nothing to stop it. The A.F.L.'s readiness for CIOs to compromise on crucial matters such as labor law reform, immigration reform, and healthcare reform was also noted by the I.L.W.U. The Dockers' Union announced its intention to establish an independent union. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/labor-union-films-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Georgy Zhukov Marshal Of The Soviet Union MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, December 5, 2025

Russian Day Of Military Honour: 5 December: The Battle Of Moscow: -- Commemorates the December 5, 1941 Launching of the Soviet counter-offensive in The Battle Of Moscow led by Marshal Georgi Zhukov. The Days Of Military Honour are special memorable dates in the Russian Armed Forces dedicated to the most outstanding victories won by Russia. Some of these dates are state holidays but the majority of them is celebrated purely in the military. The Battle Of Moscow was a military campaign that consisted of two periods of strategically significant fighting on a 600 km (370 mi) sector of the Eastern Front during World War II. It took place between October 1941 and January 1942. The Soviet defensive effort frustrated Hitler's attack on Moscow, the capital and largest city of the Soviet Union. Moscow was one of the primary military and political objectives for Axis forces in their invasion of the Soviet Union. The German strategic offensive, named Operation Typhoon, called for two pincer offensives, one to the north of Moscow against the Kalinin Front by the 3rd and 4th Panzer Armies, simultaneously severing the Moscow-Leningrad railway, and another to the south of Moscow Oblast against the Western Front south of Tula, by the 2nd Panzer Army, while the 4th Army advanced directly towards Moscow from the west. Initially, the Soviet forces conducted a strategic defence of the Moscow Oblast by constructing three defensive belts, deploying newly raised reserve armies, and bringing troops from the Siberian and Far Eastern Military Districts. As the German offensives were halted, a Soviet strategic counter-offensive and smaller-scale offensive operations forced the German armies back to the positions around the cities of Oryol, Vyazma and Vitebsk, and nearly surrounded three German armies. It was a major setback for the Germans, the end of the idea of a fast German victory in the USSR. As a result of the failed offensive, Field Marshal Walther Von Brauchitsch was excused as supreme commander of the OKH, with Hitler replacing him in the position; Hitler also restricted the OKH's authority to the Eastern Front, with the OKW assuming authority for all army units elsewhere. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/zhukov-dvd-marshal-georgi-soviet-union-wwii.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: George Armstrong Custer & The 7th Cavalry DVD, MP4 Download, USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1839: #BOTD: George Armstrong Custer, United States Army officer and cavalry commander in the American Civil War and the American Indian Wars (d. June 25, 1876) is #born in New Rumley, Harrison County, Ohio. Raised in Michigan and Ohio, Custer was admitted to West Point in 1857, where he graduated last in his class in 1861. With the outbreak of the Civil War, Custer was called to serve with the Union Army. Custer developed a strong reputation during the Civil War. He participated in the first major engagement, the First Battle Of Bull Run on July 21, 1861, near Washington, D.C. His association with several important officers helped his career as did his success as a highly effective cavalry commander. Custer was brevetted to brigadier general at age 23, less than a week before the Battle Of Gettysburg, where he personally led cavalry charges that prevented Confederate cavalry from attacking the Union rear in support of Pickett's Charge. He was wounded in the Battle of Culpeper Court House in Virginia on September 13, 1863. In 1864, Custer was awarded another star and brevetted to major general rank. At the conclusion of the Appomattox Campaign, in which he and his troops played a decisive role, Custer was present at General Robert E. Lee's surrender to General Ulysses S. Grant, on April 9, 1865. After the Civil War, Custer remained a major general in the United States Volunteers until they were mustered out in February 1866. He reverted to his permanent rank of captain and was appointed a lieutenant colonel in the 7th Cavalry Regiment in July 1866. He was dispatched to the west in 1867 to fight in the American Indian Wars. George Armstrong Custer died while leading the 7th Cavalry Regiment at The Battle Of The Little Bighorn, a battle popularly known in American history as "Custer's Last Stand", in Montana Territory against a coalition of Native American tribes, he and all of his detachment -- which included two of his brothers -- were killed. He is buried at The United States Military Academy Post Cemetery in West Point, New York. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/george-armstrong-custer-amp-the-7th-cavalry-dvd-mp4-u74.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Struggles For Poland TV Series + Bonus MP4 Video Download DVD Set
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1867: #BOTD: Jozef Pilsudski, Polish field marshal and statesman, 15th Prime Minister of Poland (d. May 12, 1935) is #born Jozef Klemens Pilsudski to the noble Pilsudski family at their manor near the village of Zulow (Zalavas, now in Lithuania). Jozef Pilsudski was Chief of State (1918-22), "First Marshal of Poland" (from 1920), and de facto leader (1926-35) of the Second Polish Republic as the Minister of Military Affairs. From World War I he had great power in Polish politics and was considered a distinguished figure on the international scene. He is viewed as a father of the Second Polish Republic founded in 1918, 123 years after the 1795 final partitions of Poland by Russia, Austria, and Prussia. Deeming himself a descendant of the culture and traditions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, Pilsudski believed in a multicultural Poland, "a home of nations" including ethnic and religious minorities, that he hoped would establish a robust union with the independent states of Lithuania and Ukraine. His principal political antagonist, Roman Dmowski, leader of the National Democrat party, by contrast, called for a Poland limited to the pre-Partitions Polish Crown and based mainly on an ethnically-Polish population and Roman Catholic identity. Early in his political career, Pilsudski became a leader of the Polish Socialist Party. Concluding that Poland's independence would have to be won militarily, he formed the Polish Legions. In 1914 he correctly predicted the outbreak of a major war, the Russian Empire's defeat by the Central Powers, and the Central Powers' defeat by the western Allies. When World War I began in 1914, Pilsudski's Legions fought alongside Austro-Hungary against Russia. In 1917, with Imperial Russia faring poorly in the war, he withdrew his support for the Central Powers and was imprisoned in Magdeburg by the Germans. From November 1918, when Poland regained independence, until 1922, Pilsudski was Poland's Chief of State. In 1919-21 he commanded Polish forces in six border wars that defined the country's borders. His forces seemed on the verge of defeat in the Polish-Soviet War when, in the August 1920 Battle Of Warsaw, they threw back the invading Soviet Russian forces. In 1923, with the government dominated by his opponents, in particular the National Democrats, Pilsudski retired from active politics. Three years later he returned to power in the May 1926 coup d'etat and became Poland's strongman. From then until his death in 1935, he concerned himself primarily with military and foreign affairs. In international affairs, Pilsudski pursued two complementary strategies meant to secure Poland's independence and to enhance her national security: "Prometheism", aimed at achieving the disintegration of Imperial Russia and later the Soviet Union into their constituent nations; and the creation of an Intermarium federation of states lying between the Baltic and Black Seas and between Germany and Russia. The proposed Intermarium's central purpose was to secure its peoples against western and eastern European imperialisms. Historian Piotr Wandycz characterizes Pilsudski as "an ardent Polish patriot who on occasion would castigate the Poles for their stupidity, cowardice, or servility. He described himself as a Polish-Lithuanian, and was stubborn and reserved, loath to show his emotions." Though some aspects of Pilsudski's administration remain controversial, he is highly esteemed in Polish memory and is regarded, together with his antagonist Roman Dmowski, as a founder of modern independent Poland. Jozef Pilsudski died of liver cancer at Warsaw's Belweder Palace, aged 67. Pilsudski had been, unbeknownst to the public, for several years before his death. Separate funeral ceremonies were held: for the burial of his brain, which Pilsudski had willed for study to Stefan Batory University (now Vilnius University (Lithuanian: Vilniaus Universitetas) in Vilnius, Lithuania, Lithuania's leading research institution. the first and largest university in Lithuania, as well as one of the oldest and most prominent higher education institutions in Central and Eastern Europe); for his heart, which is interred in his mother's grave at Vilnius's Rasos Cemetery in Vilnius, Lithuania; and his body, which was placed on display at St. Leonard's Crypt in Krakow's Wawel Cathedral (Polish: Katedra Wawelska), formally titled The Archcathedral Basilica Of Saint Stanislaus And Saint Wenceslaus, (Polish: Bazylika Archikatedralna Sw. Stanislawa I Ww. Waclawa), Two years after his remains were placed at St. Leonard's Crypt in 1937, his long-standing adversary Eustachy Sapieha, a Polish nobleman, Prince of the Sapieha family, politician, Polish Minister Of Foreign Affairs, and deputy to the Polish Parliament (Sejm), and at that time, Archbishop Of Krakow, decided to transfer Pilsudski's remains to the cathedral's Crypt Under The Silver Bells. Archbishop Prince Sapieha's decision incited widespread protests that included calls for Sapieha's removal, setting off a series of clashes between the representatives of the Polish Catholic Church and the Polish government in what has come to be known as "The Wawel Conflict" (Polish: Konflikt Wawelski"). Despite heavy and protracted criticism, Sapieha never allowed Pilsudski's coffin to be transferred back to St. Leonard's Crypt. The state funeral for Pilsudski was held in Warsaw and Krakow between May 15-18, 1935, including official masses and funeral processions in both cities. A funeral train toured Poland before the remains of Pilsudski were laid to rest at Wawel. A series of postcards, stamps and postmarks were also released to commemorate the event. The nation-wide ceremonies were accompanied by extensive media coverage and reflected the personality cult of Pilsudski. The final funeral procession in Krakow on 18 May, with an estimated 300,000 participants and official representatives from 16 foreign states, constituted the largest public funeral in Poland's history. The celebration Pilsudski's life began spontaneously within half an hour of the announcement of his death. It was led by military personnel - former Legionnaires, members of the Polish Military Organization, veterans of the wars of 1919-21 - and by his political collaborators from his service as Chief of State, and later, Prime Minister and Inspector-General. The Communist Party of Poland immediately attacked Pilsudski as a fascist and capitalist, though fascists themselves did not see him as one of them. Other opponents of the Sanation regime were more civil; socialists (such as Ignacy Daszynski and Tomasz Arciszewski) and Christian Democrats (represented by Ignacy Paderewski, Stanislaw Wojciechowski and Wladyslaw Grabski) expressed condolences. The peasant parties split in their reactions (Wincenty Witos voicing criticism of Pilsudski, but Maciej Rataj and Stanislaw Thugutt being supportive), while Roman Dmowski's National Democrats expressed a toned-down criticism. Condolences were officially expressed by senior clergy, including Pope Pius XI and August Cardinal Hlond, Primate of Poland; the Pope called himself a "personal friend" of Pilsudski. Notable appreciation for Pilsudski was expressed by Poland's ethnic and religious minorities. Eastern Orthodox, Greek Orthodox, Protestant, Jewish, and Islamic organizations expressed condolences, praising Pilsudski for his policies of religious tolerance. His death was a shock to members of the Jewish minority amongst which he was respected for his lack of prejudice and vocal opposition to the Endecja. Mainstream organizations of ethnic minorities similarly expressed their support for his policies of ethnic tolerance, though he was still criticized by Ukrainian, German, Lithuanian activists and Jewish supporters of the General Jewish Labour Bund in Poland. On the international scene, Pope Pius XI held a special ceremony on 18 May in the Holy See, a commemoration was conducted at League of Nations Geneva headquarters, and dozens of messages of condolence arrived in Poland from heads of state across the world, including Germany's Adolf Hitler, the Soviet Union's Joseph Stalin, Italy's Benito Mussolini and King Victor Emmanuel III, France's Albert Lebrun and Pierre-Etienne Flandin, Austria's Wilhelm Miklas, Japan's Emperor Hirohito, and Britain's King George V. In Berlin, a service for Pilsudski was ordered by Adolf Hitler. This was the only time that Hitler attended a Holy Mass as a leader of the Third Reich and probably one of the last times when he was in a church. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-struggles-for-poland-dvd-set-all-9-shows-5-dis95.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Buffalo Bill's Wild West Shows & Annie Oakley MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1870: #BOTD: #HBD! Bill Pickett, African American cowboy, rodeo performer, Wild West Show star and actor known as "The Dusky Demon", inventer of the technique of bulldogging, the skill of grabbing cattle by the horns and wrestling them to the ground (d. April 2, 1932) is #born Willie M. Pickett in the Jenks Branch community of Williamson County, Texas, a freedom colony located between the modern towns of Leander and Liberty Hill in Williamson County, Texas. Pickett soon became known for his tricks and stunts at local country fairs. With his four brothers, he established The Pickett Brothers Bronco Busters and Rough Riders Association. The name Bill Pickett soon became synonymous with successful rodeos. He did his bulldogging act, traveling about in Texas, Arizona, Wyoming, and Oklahoma. In 1905, Pickett joined the 101 Ranch Wild West Show that featured the likes of Buffalo Bill, Will Rogers, Tom Mix, Bee Ho Gray, and Zach and Lucille Mulhall; he performed under the name "The Dusky Demon." Pickett was soon a popular performer who toured around the world and appeared in early motion pictures, such as a movie created by Richard E. Norman. Pickett's ethnicity resulted in his not being able to appear at many rodeos, so he often was forced to claim that he was of Comanche heritage in order to perform. In 1921, he appeared in the films The Bull-Dogger and The Crimson Skull. In 1989, Pickett was inducted into the ProRodeo Hall of Fame. Bill Pickett died from a kick in the head by a bronco. He is buried on the 101 Ranch, located near modern day Ponca City, Oklahome, near a 15-foot stone monument to the friendship of Ponca Tribal Chief White Eagle and the Miller Brothers (who owned the 101 Ranch) on Monument Hill, also known as the White Eagle Monument to the locals, less than a quarter of a mile to the northeast of Marland, Oklahoma. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/buffalo-bill-amp-the-american-wild-west-shows-mp4-video-download-dv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: V-Weapons: V-1 & V-2 Documentaries DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1890: #BOTD: #HBD! Fritz Lang, Austrian-American film director, screenwriter, and producer, one of the most influential filmmakers of all time, dubbed the "Master Of Darkness" by the British Film Institute, who worked in Germany and later the United States (d. August 2, 1976) is #born Friedrich Christian Anton Lang in Vienna, Austria. Lang is credited with launching or developing many different genres of film. Phillip French of The Observer believed that Lang helped craft the "entertainment war flick" and that his interpretation of the story of Bonnie And Clyde "helped launch the Hollywood film noir". One of the best-known emigres from Germany's school of Expressionism, Lang's most celebrated films include the groundbreaking futuristic Metropolis (1927) and the influential M (1931) starring Peter Lorre, Lang's first sound film, a film noir precursor that set the style for serial killer movies. His 1929 film Frau Im Mond (German: "The Woman In The Moon") showcased the use of a multi-stage rocket, and also pioneered the concept of a rocket launch pad (a rocket standing upright against a tall building before launch having been slowly rolled into place) and the rocket-launch countdown clock - all of which profounly influenced the development of rocketry in Interwar Germany, and in inspiring a generation of German rocket scientists such as Wernher Von Braun (the prototype V-2 missiles they created had a painting of a woman inside a crescent moon in honor of the film). His other major films include Dr. Mabuse The Gambler (1922), Die Nibelungen (1924), and after moving to Hollywood in 1934, Fury (1936), You Only Live Once (1937), Hangmen Also Die! (1943) written by Bertolt Brecht, The Woman In The Window (1944), Scarlet Street (1945) and The Big Heat (1953). While his career had ended without fanfare, Lang's American and later German works were championed by the critics of the French film magazine Cahiers Du Cinema (French: "Notebooks On Cinema') such as Francois Truffaut and Jacques Rivette. Truffaut wrote that Lang, especially in his American career, was greatly underappreciated by "cinema historians and critics" who "deny him any genius when he 'signs' spy movies ... war movies ... or simple thrillers." Filmmakers that were influenced by his work include Jacques Rivette, William Friedkin, Steven Spielberg, Christopher Nolan, Luis Bunuel, Osamu Tezuka, Alfred Hitchcock, Jean-Luc Godard and Stanley Kubrick. Fritz Lang died from a stroke in Beverly Hills, California, aged 85. He is interred in the Forest Lawn - Hollywood Hills Cemetery in the Hollywood Hills of Los Angeles. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/vweapons-v1-v2-german-wwii-weapons-2-dual-layer-d122.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: World War II Propaganda Cartoons MP4 Video Download 2 DVD Set
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1901: #BOTD: #HBD! Walt Disney, American entrepreneur, animation pioneer, animator, voice actor, film director, film producer, screenwriter and Freemason, cofounder of The Walt Disney Company (d. December 15, 1966) is #born Walter Elias Disney at 1249 Tripp Avenue, in Chicago's Hermosa neighborhood. Walt Disney was a pioneer of the American animation industry, and introduced several developments in the production of cartoons. As a film producer, Disney holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual, having won 22 Oscars from 59 nominations. He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award, among other honors. Several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress. Born in Chicago in 1901, Disney developed an early interest in drawing. As a little boy, he liked to draw farm animals. He took art classes as a boy and got a job as a commercial illustrator at the age of 18. He moved to California in the early 1920s and set up the Disney Brothers Studio with his brother Roy. With Ub Iwerks, Walt developed the character Mickey Mouse in 1928, his first highly popular success; he also provided the voice for his creation in the early years. In 1928, he produced Steamboat Willie, starring Mickey Mouse, in the first cartoon with synchronized sound. As the studio grew, Disney became more adventurous, introducing synchronized sound, full-color three-strip Technicolor, feature-length cartoons and technical developments in cameras. The results, seen in features such as his full length animated film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937), Pinocchio, Fantasia (both 1940), Dumbo (1941), and Bambi (1942), furthered the development of animated film. New animated and live-action films followed after World War II, including the critically successful Cinderella (1950) and Mary Poppins (1964), the latter of which received five Academy Awards. In the 1950s, Disney expanded into the amusement park industry, and in 1955 he opened Disneyland in Anaheim, California. To fund the project he diversified into television programs, such as Walt Disney's Disneyland and The Mickey Mouse Club; he was also involved in planning the 1959 Moscow Fair, the 1960 Winter Olympics, and the 1964 New York World's Fair. In 1965, he began development of another theme park, Disney World, the heart of which was to be a new type of city, the "Experimental Prototype Community of Tomorrow" (EPCOT). Disney was a heavy smoker throughout his life and died of lung cancer in December 1966 before either the park or the EPCOT project were completed. Five years after his death, Disney World opened in Florida, featuring EPCOT. The company he founded has since grown into a global entertainment empire. Disney was a shy, self-deprecating and insecure man in private but adopted a warm and outgoing public persona. He had high standards and high expectations of those with whom he worked. Although there have been accusations that he was racist or anti-Semitic, they have been contradicted by many who knew him. His reputation changed in the years after his death, from a purveyor of homely patriotic values to a representative of American imperialism. He nevertheless remains an important figure in the history of animation and in the cultural history of the United States, where he is considered a national cultural icon. His film work continues to be shown and adapted; his namesake studio and company maintains high standards in its production of popular entertainment, and the Disney amusement parks have grown in size and number to attract visitors in several countries. Walt Disney died at Providence Saint Joseph Medical Center, a Catholic hospital in Burbank, California, of circulatory collapse caused by lung cancer, aged 65. His remains were cremated two days later and his ashes interred at the Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale, California. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/world-war-ii-propaganda-cartoons-dvd-dual-layer-all-regions.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Great Upset Of '48 Truman Vs Dewey Election MP4 Download Or DVD
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1902: #BOTD: Strom Thurmond, American general, lawyer, and politician, 103rd Governor of South Carolina, 1948 United States Presidential Candidate for The States' Rights Democratic Party (The Dixiecrats) (receiving over a million votes and winning four states), senator of South Carolina from 1954 to 2003, hypcritical staunch opponent of civil rights legislation in the 1950s and 1960s who in 1925 fathered a child born to African-American teenager Carrie Butler, who worked as his family's housekeeper, and hid the fact during his entire life (d. June 26, 2003) is #born James Strom Thurmond in Edgefield, South Carolina. Thurmond was a member of the Democratic Party until 1964 when he joined the Republican Party for the remainder of his legislative career. James Strom Thurmond Sr. conducted the longest speaking filibuster ever by a lone senator, at 24 hours and 18 minutes in length, in opposition to the Civil Rights Act of 1957. In the 1960s, he voted against the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act Of 1965. Despite his support for racial segregation, Thurmond denied the accusation that he was a racist by insisting he was a supporter of states' rights and an opponent of excessive federal authority. Thurmond switched parties ahead of the 1964 United States presidential election, saying that the Democratic Party no longer represented people like him, and endorsed Republican nominee Barry Goldwater, who also opposed the Civil Rights Act. By the 1970s, Thurmond started to moderate his stance on race, but continued to defend his prior support for segregation based on states' rights and Southern society at the time. Thurmond served three times as President pro tempore of the United States Senate, and chaired the Senate Judiciary Committee from 1981 to 1987 and the Senate Armed Services Committee from 1995 to 1999. He retired in 2003 as the only member of either chamber of Congress to reach the age of 100 while still in office and the oldest-serving senator, and died nearly six months later. His 48 years as a senator, a record at the time, is the fourth-longest in U.S. history behind Robert Byrd, Daniel Inouye, and Patrick Leahy. At 14 years, Thurmond was also the longest-serving Dean of the United States Senate in political history. In 2003, the Thurmond family confirmed that Thurmond fathered a mixed-race daughter named Essie Mae with Butler. While her paternity was long hidden, he helped support her and paid for her college education. Teacher and author and mother of four children, Essie Mae Washington-Williams (nee Butler) occasionally tried to discuss racism with Thurmond, but he brushed off her complaints about segregated facilities. Nevertheless, Washington felt that she made a significant impact on Thurmond during their private conversations on race and race relations and that Thurmond's policies towards African Americans were affected as a result. In 1976, for example, Thurmond nominated Matthew J. Perry, whom Essie Mae dated in 1947 shortly before she met her husband, to the U.S. Court of Military Appeals. Thurmond became the first Southern senator to nominate an African American for a federal judgeship. Strom Thurmond died of heart failure in his sleep at 9:45 p.m. at a hospital in his hometown of Edgefield, South Carolina, aged 100. After lying in state in the rotunda of the South Carolina State House in Columbia, his body was carried on a caisson to the First Baptist Church for services, at which then-Senator Joe Biden of Delaware delivered a eulogy, and later to the family burial plot in Willowbrook Cemetery in Edgefield, where he was interred. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-great-upset-of-3948-dvd-truman-vs-dewey-elec3948.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Chairman Mao Tse-Tung aka Mao Zedong Documentaries DVD, Download, USB
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1907: #BOTD: #HBD: Lin Biao, Marshal of the People's Republic Of China who was pivotal in the Communist victory in the Chinese Civil War, especially in Northeast China, Chairman Mao Zedong's second in command and successor until his death in a suspicious plane crash known as The Lin Biao Incident (d. September 13, 1971) is #born Lin Yurong in a prosperous merchant family in Huanggang, Hubei, China. Lin was the general who commanded the decisive Liaoshen and Pingjin Campaigns, in which he co-led the Manchurian Field Army to victory and led the People's Liberation Army into Beijing. He crossed the Yangtze River in 1949, decisively defeated the Kuomintang and took control of the coastal provinces in Southeast China. He ranked third among the Ten Marshals. Zhu De and Peng Dehuai were considered senior to Lin, and Lin ranked directly ahead of He Long and Liu Bocheng. Lin abstained from taking an active role in politics after the civil war ceased in 1949. He led a section of the government's civil bureaucracy as one of the co-serving Vice Premiers of the People's Republic Of China from 1954 onwards, becoming First Vice Premier from 1964. Lin became more active in politics when named one of the co-serving Vice Chairmen of the Communist Party of China in 1958. He held the three responsibilities of Vice Premier, Vice Chairman and Minister of National Defense from 1959 onwards. To date, Lin is the longest serving Minister of National Defence of the People's Republic Of China. Lin became instrumental in creating the foundations for Mao Zedong's cult of personality in the early 1960s, and was rewarded for his service in the Cultural Revolution by being named Mao's designated successor as the sole Vice Chairman of the Communist Party of China, from 1966 until his death. The day before The Lin Biao Incident, a massive purge of the armed forces took place. All military officials identified as being close to Lin or his family (most of China's high military command) were purged within weeks of Lin's disappearance. Within a month of Lin's disappearance, over 1,000 senior Chinese military officials were purged.After he was confident that all of the alleged plotters were either dead or arrested, Mao Zedong had copies of the Project 571 Outline widely circulated among cadres in the Communist Party. The official Chinese version of events was drafted by Zhang Chunqiao and his subordinates under Mao's personal supervision. On September 13, 1971, The Lin Biao Incident occurred when Marshal Lin Biao fled the People's Republic Of China after the failure of an alleged coup. His Hawker Siddeley Trident aircraft crashes in Ondorkhaan, Mongolia, killing all aboard. There has been widespread skepticism in the West concerning the official Chinese explanation that the plane crashed because it did not take aboard enough fuel before taking off, but forensic evidence conducted by the USSR, who recovered the bodies following the crash, confirmed that Lin was among those who died in the crash. His burial details are not publicly disclosed. The exact events of this "Lin Biao incident" have been a source of speculation ever since. The Chinese government's official explanation is that Lin and his family attempted to flee following a botched coup, supposedly codenamed Project 571 (in Mandarin Chinese, the numbers "5-7-1" sound like the term "armed uprising"), against Mao. Others have argued that they fled out of fear they would be purged, as Lin's relationship with other Communist Party leaders had soured in the final few years of his life. Following Lin's death, he was officially condemned as a traitor by the Communist Party. Since the late 1970s, Lin and Mao's wife Jiang Qing (along with the other members of the Gang Of Four) have been labeled the two major "counter-revolutionary forces" of the Cultural Revolution, receiving official blame from the Chinese government for the worst excesses of that period. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/mao-tse-tung-dvd-portraits-of-power-cbs-biography-documentaries.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Monster: A Portrait Of Stalin In Blood TV Series DVD, Download, USB
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1931: The Interwar Period (The Aftermath Of World War I, The Interbellum, Between The Wars): The Soviet Union (The Union Of Soviet Socialist Republics, USSR): The History Of The Soviet Union: Mass Repression In The Soviet Union: Stalinism: Crimes Against Culture (German: Kulturshade, "Shame Against Culture"): The Destruction Of The Cathedral Of Christ The Saviour: -- The Cathedral Of Christ The Saviour, a Russian Orthodox cathedral in Moscow, Russia, on the northern bank of the Moskva River, a few hundred meters southwest of the Kremlin, is destroyed by an order of Joseph Stalin, who thought it obstructed his view from his office in the Kremlin. The demolition was supposed to make way for a colossal Palace Of The Soviets to house the country' legislature, the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. Construction started in 1937 but was halted in 1941 when Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union during World War II. Its steel frame was disassembled the following year, and the Palace was never built. The original church, built during the 19th century, took more than 40 years to build; following the Dissolution Of The Soviet Union, the current church, the second to stand on this site, was rebuilt on the site between 1995 and 2000. With an overall height of 103 metres (338 ft), it is the tallest Orthodox Christian church in the world. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/monster-a-portrait-of-stalin-in-blood-dvd-tv-series-2-disc2.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Mister Rock And Roll (1957) Alan Freed Chuck Berry DVD Download USB
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1932: #BOTD: #HBD! Little Richard, African American singer, songwriter and pianist (d. May 9, 2020) is #born Richard Wayne Penniman in Macon, Georgia, the third of twelve children of Leva Mae (nee Stewart) and Charles "Bud" Penniman. His father was a church deacon and a brick mason, who sold bootlegged moonshine on the side and owned a nightclub called the Tip In Inn. His mother was a member of Macon's New Hope Baptist Church. Initially, his first name was supposed to have been "Ricardo", but an error resulted in "Richard" instead. The Penniman children were raised in a neighborhood of Macon called Pleasant Hill. In childhood, he was nicknamed "Lil' Richard" by his family because of his small and skinny frame. A mischievous child who played pranks on neighbors, he began singing in church at a young age. Possibly as a result of complications at birth, he had a slight deformity that left one of his legs shorter than the other. This produced an unusual gait, and he was mocked for his allegedly effeminate appearance. He was an influential figure in popular music and culture for seven decades. Nicknamed "The Innovator, The Originator, and The Architect of Rock and Roll", Richard's most celebrated work dates from the mid-1950s, when his charismatic showmanship and dynamic music, characterized by frenetic piano playing, pounding back beat and raspy shouted vocals, laid the foundation for rock and roll. Richard's innovative emotive vocalizations and uptempo rhythmic music also played a key role in the formation of other popular music genres, including soul and funk. He influenced numerous singers and musicians across musical genres from rock to hip hop; his music helped shape rhythm and blues for generations. "Tutti Frutti" (1955), one of Richard's signature songs, became an instant hit, crossing over to the pop charts in both the United States and overseas in the United Kingdom. His next hit single, "Long Tall Sally" (1956), hit No. 1 on the Billboard Rhythm and Blues Best-Sellers chart, followed by a rapid succession of fifteen more in less than three years. His performances during this period resulted in integration between White Americans and African Americans in his audience. In 1962, during a five-year period in which Richard abandoned rock and roll music for born again Christianity, concert promoter Don Arden persuaded him to tour Europe. During this time, Arden had the Beatles open for Richard on some tour dates, capitalizing on his popularity. Richard advised the Beatles on how to perform his songs and taught the band's member Paul McCartney his distinctive vocalizations. Richard is cited as one of the first crossover black artists, reaching audiences of all races. His music and concerts broke the color line, drawing blacks and whites together despite attempts to sustain segregation. Many of his contemporaries, including Elvis Presley, Buddy Holly, Bill Haley, Jerry Lee Lewis, the Everly Brothers, Gene Vincent and Eddie Cochran, recorded covers of his works. Taken by his music and style, and personally covering four of Richard's songs on his own two breakthrough albums in 1956, Presley told Richard in 1969 that his music was an inspiration to him and that he was "the greatest". Richard was honored by many institutions. He was inducted into The Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame as part of its first group of inductees in 1986. He was also inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame. He was the recipient of a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Recording Academy and a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Rhythm and Blues Foundation. In 2015, Richard received a Rhapsody & Rhythm Award from the National Museum of African American Music for his key role in the formation of popular music genres and helping to bring an end to the racial divide on the music charts and in concert in the mid-1950s changing American culture significantly. "Tutti Frutti" was included in the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress in 2010, which stated that his "unique vocalizing over the irresistible beat announced a new era in music". Little Richard died at the age of 87 at his home in Tullahoma, Tennessee, from a cause related to bone cancer, after a two-month illness. His brother, sister, and son were with him at the time of his death. In the following days, Richard received tributes from many popular musicians, including Bob Dylan, Paul McCartney, Mick Jagger, John Fogerty, Elton John, Lenny Kravitz and more, as well as such as film director John Waters, who were influenced by Richard's music and persona. He is interred at Oakwood University Memorial Gardens Cemetery in Huntsville, Alabama. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/mister-rock-and-roll-dvd-1957-alan-freed-story-m1957.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Secrets Of The Bermuda Triangle 1976 DVD, MP4 Download, USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1945: Paranormal Triangles: The Bermuda Triangle (The Devil's Triangle): Flight 19: -- A group of five General Motors TBM Avenger torpedo bombers disappears over the Bermuda Triangle, after losing contact during a United States Navy overwater navigation training flight from Naval Air Station Fort Lauderdale, Florida. All 14 airmen on the flight were lost, as were all 13 crew members of a Martin PBM Mariner flying boat that subsequently launched from Naval Air Station Banana River to search for Flight 19. A report by Navy investigators concluded that flight leader Lt. Charles C. Taylor mistook small islands offshore for the Florida Keys after his compasses stopped working, resulting in the flight heading over open sea and away from land. The report was later amended by the Navy to read "cause unknown" to avoid blaming Taylor for the loss of five aircraft and 14 men. The report attributed the loss of the PBM aircraft to an explosion in mid-air while searching for the flight. The controversy over what really happened to Flight 19 continues till this day. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/secrets-of-the-bermuda-triangle-dvd-1976-documen1976.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: An Ocean Apart: US-UK Relations TV Series + Profumo Affair MP4 DVD Set
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1952: The Environment: Pollution: Air Pollution: The Great Smog Of London (The Great Smog Of 1952): -- A cold fog descends upon London, combining with air pollution and killing at least 12,000 in the weeks and months that follow. The Great Smog of London, or Great Smog of 1952, was a severe air pollution event that affected the British capital in early December 1952. A period of unusually cold weather combined with an anticyclone and windless conditions, collected airborne pollutants, mostly arising from the use of coal, to form a thick layer of smog over the city. It lasted from Friday December 5 to Tuesday December 9, 1952, then dispersed quickly when the weather changed. It caused major disruption by reducing visibility and even penetrating indoor areas, far more severely than previous smog events, called "pea-soupers". Government medical reports in the following weeks estimated that up to December 8, 4,000 people had died as a direct result of the smog and 100,000 more were made ill by the smog's effects on the human respiratory tract. More recent research suggests that the total number of fatalities may have been considerably greater, one paper suggesting about 6,000 more died in the following months as a result of the event. London has suffered since the 13th century from poor air quality and this worsened in the 1600s. The Great Smog is thought to be the worst air pollution event in the history of the United Kingdom, and the most significant for its effects on environmental research, government regulation, and public awareness of the relationship between air quality and health. It led to several changes in practices and regulations, including the Clean Air Act 1956. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/an-ocean-apart-us-uk-relations-tv-series-profumo-affair-mp4-dvd-set.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: King: A Filmed Record: Montgomery To Memphis DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1955: Civil Rights Movements: The American Civil Rights Movement (1954-1968): Anti-Black Racism In The United States: Segregation: Racial Segregation: Civil Rights Protests: Civil Rights Protests In The United States: Transport And Bus Segregation In The United States: Transport And Bus Boycotts In The United States: The Montgomery Bus Boycott: -- Rosa Parks' arrest for refusing to give up her seat on a municipal bus to a white man in Montgomery, Alabama results in the beginning of The Montgomery Bus Boycott. Organized by the African American community, the boycott lasted until December 20, 1956, when a U.S. Supreme Court ruling integrated the public transportation system. On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks was arrested in Montgomery, Alabama, for refusing to obey municipal bus driver James F. Blake' order to give up her seat in the "colored section" to a white passenger, after the whites-only section was filled, and then to move to the back section of a bus. NAACP organizers believed that Parks was the best candidate for seeing through a court challenge as a result of her arrest for civil disobedience in violating Alabama segregation laws. Others had taken similar steps, including Bayard Rustin in 1942, Irene Morgan in 1946, Lillie Mae Bradford in 1951, Sarah Louise Keys in 1952, and the members of the ultimately successful Browder v. Gayle 1956 lawsuit (Claudette Colvin, Aurelia Browder, Susie McDonald, and Mary Louise Smith) who were arrested in Montgomery for not giving up their bus seats months before Parks. Parks' act of defiance and the Montgomery bus boycott became important symbols of the modern Civil Rights Movement. On November 13, 1956, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in the case of Browder v. Gayle that racial segregation on public buses was unconstitutional and declares Alabama laws requiring segregated buses illegal, thus ending the Montgomery Bus Boycott. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/king-a-filmed-record--montgomery-to-memphis-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Heroes Medal Of Honor Victoria Cross Legion Of Honour DVD MP4 USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1964: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: The Cold War In Asia: The Indochina Wars: The Vietnam War (The Second Indochina War, The Vietnam Conflict, The Resistance War Against America): The United States In The Vietnam War: - Captain Roger Donlon is awarded the first Medal Of Honor of The Vietnam War for his heroism in the Battle of Nam Dong earlier in the year while defending the U.S. military installation camp at Nam Dong against a fierce attack by hostile Viet Cong forces. He is the first person to receive the Medal Of Honor in the Vietnam War, as well as the first member of the U.S. Army Special Forces to be honored. He discusses the actions that resulted in his receiving the award in the television series "Heroes". On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/heroes-dvd-set-all-26-tv-shows-7-di267.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Iran-Iraq War Documentary Set MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, December 5, 2025

December 5, 1980: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: The Cold War (1979-1985): The Iran-Iraq War: The Iraqi Invasion Of Iran (September 22 - December 5, 1980): -- The The Iran-Iraq War ends, resulting in neither reparations nor border changes, at the cost of the combined financial losses suffered by both combatants believed to have exceeded 1T USD. The Iran-Iraq War begans on September 22, 1980 when Iraq attacked Iran under the false impression that Iran would not be able to respond effectively due to internal socio-political turmoil caused by the country's Islamic Revolution one year earlier. Iraqi aircraft pre-emptively bombarded ten Iranian airfields in an ultimately unsuccessful attempt to gain aerial superiority on the battlefield. On the next day, Iraqi troops crossed the international border in strength and advanced into Iran in three simultaneous thrusts along a front of approximately 644 kilometres (400 mi). Of Iraq's six divisions that were invading by land, four were sent to Iran's oil-rich Khuzestan in order to cut off Iranian access to the Shatt Al-Arab River, at the confluence of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in the Basra Governorate of southern Iraq, and to establish for Iraq a territorial security zone. However, Iraqi troops became increasingly bogged down in the face of fierce Iranian resistance, which greatly stalled their advance into western Iran. In just over two months, the invasion was brought to a halt, but not before Iraq had managed to occupy more than 25,900 square kilometres (10,000 sq mi) of Iranian territory. On September 10, 1980, Iraq, hoping to take advantage of a weakened Iran's consolidation of the Islamic Revolution, forcibly reclaimed territories in Zain Al-Qaws and Saif Saad that had already been promised to Iraq under the terms of the 1975 Algiers Agreement, but that that had never actually been transferred. Following upon these forcible reclamations, both Iran and Iraq declared the treaty as null and void, Iran doing so on September 14, and Iraq doing so September 17; as a result, the only outstanding dispute along the Iran-Iraq border at the time of the Iraqi invasion on September 22 was the question of whether Iranian ships would fly Iraqi flags and pay navigation fees to Iraq while sailing through a stretch of the Shatt Al-Arab spanning several kilometres. The Iran-Iraq War, also known in the Arab world as The First Gulf War (Arabic: Harb Alkhalij Al'Uwlaa, "First Gulf War") lasted for eight years, until the acceptance of United Nations Security Council Resolution 598 by both sides. Iraq's primary rationale for the attack against Iran cited the need to prevent Ruhollah Khomeini-who had spearheaded the Iranian Revolution in 1979-from exporting the new Iranian ideology to Iraq. There were also fears among the Iraqi leadership of Saddam Hussein that Iran, a theocratic state with a population predominantly composed of Shia Muslims, would exploit sectarian tensions in Iraq by rallying Iraq's Shia majority against the Ba_athist government, which was officially secular and dominated by Sunni Muslims. Iraq also wished to replace Iran as the power player in the Persian Gulf, which was not seen as an achievable objective prior to the Islamic Revolution because of Pahlavi Iran's economic and military superiority as well as its close relationships with the United States and Israel. The Iran-Iraq War followed a long-running history of territorial border disputes between the two states, as a result of which Iraq planned to retake the eastern bank of the Shatt al-Arab that it had ceded to Iran in the 1975 Algiers Agreement. Iraqi support for Arab separatists in Iran increased following the outbreak of hostilities; Saddam disputedly may have wished to annex Iran's Arab-majority Khuzestan province. While the Iraqi leadership had hoped to take advantage of Iran's post-revolutionary chaos and expected a decisive victory in the face of a severely weakened Iran, the Iraqi military only made progress for three months, and by December 1980, the Iraqi invasion had stalled. The Iranian military began to gain momentum against the Iraqis and regained all lost territory by June 1982. After pushing Iraqi forces back to the pre-war border lines, Iran rejected United Nations Security Council Resolution 514 and launched an invasion of Iraq. The subsequent Iranian offensive within Iraqi territory lasted for five years, with Iraq taking back the initiative in mid-1988 and subsequently launching a series of major counter-offensives that ultimately led to the conclusion of the war in a stalemate. The eight years of war-exhaustion, economic devastation, decreased morale, military stalemate, inaction by the international community towards the use of weapons of mass destruction by Iraqi forces on Iranian soldiers and civilians, as well as increasing Iran-United States military tensions all culminated in Iran's acceptance of a ceasefire brokered by the United Nations Security Council. In total, around 500,000 people were killed during the Iran-Iraq War, with Iran bearing the larger share of the casualties, excluding the tens of thousands of civilians killed in the concurrent Anfal campaign that targeted Iraqi Kurdistan. There were a number of proxy forces operating for both countries: Iraq and the pro-Iraqi Arab separatist militias in Iran were most notably supported by the National Council of Resistance of Iran; whereas Iran re-established an alliance with the Iraqi Kurds, being primarily supported by the Kurdistan Democratic Party and the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan. During the conflict, Iraq received an abundance of financial, political, and logistical aid from the United States, the United Kingdom, the Soviet Union, France, Italy, Yugoslavia, and the overwhelming majority of Arab countries. While Iran was comparatively isolated to a large degree, it received a significant amount of aid from Syria, Libya, China, North Korea, Israel, Pakistan, and South Yemen. The conflict has been compared to World War I in terms of the tactics used by both sides, including large-scale trench warfare with barbed wire stretched across fortified defensive lines, manned machine-gun posts, bayonet charges, Iranian human wave attacks, Iraq's extensive use of chemical weapons, and deliberate attacks on civilian targets. The discourses on martyrdom formulated in the Iranian Shia Islamic context led to the widespread usage of human wave attacks and thus had a lasting impact on the dynamics of the conflict. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-iran-iraq-war-documentary-set-mp4-video-download-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Capitalist Cartoons Of John Sutherland MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5: Bathtub Party Day: -- Yes, you read it right; there's a holiday for that! Few things measure up to the relaxation power of a long soak in the bathtub, wouldn't you agree? Since its invention, the bathtub has played an important role in our lives for sanitation and fun. Whether it's a party for two with scented candles and rose petals, or a crowded splash around, Bathtub Party Day is all about having some good old bathtub fun. A bathtub party is a perfect opportunity to let go of all your tension and stress. Combining the relaxing effect of a soak in the tub with the excellent company will have you purring with delight. This observance emphasizes the importance of taking time to pamper yourself. Life can be a tough journey, so let off a little steam as you throw yourself a bathtub party today! It's no secret that a beautiful bathtub can significantly improve the aesthetic of your bathroom. An elegant bathtub can also work wonders in terms of boosting property value. Prospective homeowners are usually on the lookout for family-friendly fixtures like a bathtub. Bathtubs have been an integral fixture in homes all over the world. The earliest mention of the bathtub comes from Crete in 1700 B.C. However, John Michael Kohler officially invented the first bathtub in 1883. Kohler was the co-founder of the Kohler company. He fixed a cast-iron horse trough with decorative feet combined with an enamel finish, creating the claw-foot design. The history and creator of this holiday are subject to debate. Some claim Wellcat Holidays founded the holiday, but it's unclear when the holiday was first celebrated. The early 2000s seem to be the safest bet for when the holiday was created. However, one thing is for sure; Bathtub Party Day is here to stay. Take advantage of this holiday to reconnect with your fun side. Get your favorite bath bomb and be lost to the world for a time. https://store.earthstation1.com/capitalist-cartoons-us-probusiness-propaganda-animation-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: John L. Lewis Documentary Biography DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 1955: Organized Labor: The Labor Union Movement: The Labor Union Movement In The United States: The Labor History Of The United States: Labor Unions In The United States: The American Federation Of Labor And The Congress Of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO: -- The AFL-CIO is founded after two separate labor organizations, the American Federation Of Labor and the Congress of Industrial Organizations, joined together following 20 years of rivalry, thus becoming the leading advocate for trade unions in the U.S. The American Federation Of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL-CIO) is the largest federation of unions in the United States. It is made up of fifty-five national and international unions, together representing more than 12 million active and retired workers. The AFL-CIO engages in substantial political spending and activism, typically in support of Democrats and liberal or progressive policies. Membership in the union peaked in 1979, when the AFL-CIO had nearly twenty million members. From 1955 until 2005, the AFL-CIO's member unions represented nearly all unionized workers in the United States. Several large unions split away from AFL-CIO and formed the rival Change to Win Federation in 2005, although a number of those unions have since re-affiliated. The largest unions currently in the AFL-CIO are the American Federation of Teachers (AFT) with approximately 1.7 million members and American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME), with approximately 1.4 million members. https://store.earthstation1.com/john-l-lewis-dvd-united-mine-workers-afl-cio.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Bizarre! Blurs In The Line Between Fact & Fiction MP4 Download DVD Set
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 1947: #BOTD: #HBD! William Strauss, American author, historian, playwright, theater director and lecturer, founding member of "The Capitol Steps" political satire music group (d. December 18, 2007) is #born in Chicago, Illinois. As an author, he is known for his work with Neil Howe on social generations and for Strauss-Howe generational theory. He is also a co-founder of the Cappies, a critics and awards program for high school theater students. William Strauss died of pancreatic cancer in his home in McLean, Virginia, aged 60. His burial details are not publicly disclosed. The Capitol Steps was an American political-satire group that performed from 1981 to 2020. Most of the Capitol Steps' material parodied well-known contemporary songs, usually introduced with a short skit. The songs were interspersed with other routines, including a spoonerism routine ("Lirty Dies") near the end of each performance with innuendoes about recent scandals. They have released over 40 albums, primarily song parodies. Originally consisting of congressional staffers who performed around Washington, D.C., the troupe was later primarily made up of professional actors and singers. The Capitol Steps have performed on PBS, public radio and in small- and medium-size venues around the United States. On January 13, 2021, the Capitol Steps announced via Twitter that they would be shutting down after 39 years of performing. The shutdown is due to the loss of revenue as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. https://store.earthstation1.com/bizarre-blurs-in-the-line-between-fact-amp-fiction-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Echoes Of War: History Of Radar & Its Use In WWII DVD, Download, USB
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 1973: #DOTD: #RIP: Robert Watson-Watt, Scottish engineer, British pioneer of radio direction finding and radar technology (RADAR) (b. April 13, 1892) #dies aged 81 in Inverness, Scotland. He is buried together with his third and final wife, Air Chief Commandant Dame Katherine Jane Trefusis Forbes (who had played a significant role in The Battle Of Britain as the founding Air Commander of the Women's Auxiliary Air Force who supplied the radar-room operatives for Watt's invention) in the churchyard of the Scottish Episcopal Church Of The Holy Trinity at Pitlochry, Perthshire, Scotland. Robert Watson-Watt was born Robert Alexander Watson-Watt in Brechin, Angus, Scotland. Sir Robert Alexander Watson Watt KCB FRS FRAeS began his career in radio physics with a job at the Met Office, where he began looking for accurate ways to track thunderstorms using the radio signals given off by lightning. This led to the 1920s development of a system later known as high-frequency direction finding (HFDF or "huff-duff"). Although well publicized at the time, the system's enormous military potential was not developed until the late 1930s. Huff-duff allowed operators to determine the location of an enemy radio in seconds and it became a major part of the network of systems that helped defeat the threat of German U-boats during World War II. It is estimated that huff-duff was used in about a quarter of all attacks on U-boats. In 1935 Watt was asked to comment on reports of a German death ray based on radio. Watt and his assistant Arnold Frederic Wilkins quickly determined it was not possible, but Wilkins suggested using radio signals to locate aircraft at long distances. This led to a February 1935 demonstration where signals from a BBC short-wave transmitter were bounced off a Handley Page Heyford aircraft. Watt led the development of a practical version of this device, which entered service in 1938 under the code name Chain Home. This system provided the vital advance information that helped the Royal Air Force win the Battle of Britain. After the success of his invention, Watson Watt was sent to the US in 1941 to advise on air defence after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. He returned and continued to lead radar development for the War Office and Ministry of Supply. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1941, was given a knighthood in 1942 and was awarded the US Medal for Merit in 1946. https://store.earthstation1.com/echoes-of-war-dvd-radar-in-world-war-ii.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Mr. President US Presidential History Radio w/Edward Arnold CD MP3 USB
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 1848: Gold Rushes: The California Gold Rush (1848-1855): -- U.S. President James K. Polk confirms that large amounts of gold had been discovered in California in a message to the United States Congress. The California Gold Rush (1848-1855) began on January 24, 1848, when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter' Mill in Coloma, California. The news of gold brought some 300,000 people to California from the rest of the United States and abroad. The sudden influx of immigration and gold into the money supply reinvigorated the American economy, and California became one of the few American states to go directly to statehood without first being a territory, in the Compromise Of 1850. The Gold Rush had severe effects on Native Californians and resulted in a precipitous population decline from disease, genocide and starvation. By the time it ended, California had gone from a thinly populated ex-Mexican territory to the home state of the first nominee for the Republican Party. https://store.earthstation1.com/mister-president-historical-old-time-radio-mp3-c3.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Black Civil Rights Films: African-American History DVD, MP4, USB Stick
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 1946: Civil Rights Movements: The American Civil Rights Movement (1954-1968): Anti-Black Racism In The United States: Discrimination: Executive Orders: Executive Order 11063: -- President Harry Truman issues Executive Order 9808 creating The President's Committee On Civil Rights, a United States presidential commission instructed to investigate the status of civil rights in the country and propose measures to strengthen and protect them. After the committee submitted a report of its findings to President Truman, it disbanded in December 1947. The committee was charged with examining the condition of civil rights in the United States, producing a written report of their findings, and submitting recommendations on improving civil rights in the United States. In December 1947, the committee produced a 178-page report entitled To Secure These Rights: The Report of the President's Committee on Civil Rights. In the report, it proposed to establish a permanent Civil Rights Commission, Joint Congressional Committee on Civil Rights, and a Civil Rights Division in the Department Of Justice; to develop federal protection from lynching; a permanent fair employment practice commission; to abolish poll taxes; and urged other measures. Furthermore, the report raised the distinct possibility that the UN Charter from 1945 could also be used as a source of law to fight persistent racial discrimination in the US. On July 26, 1948, President Truman advanced the recommendations of the report by signing Executive Order 9980 and Executive Order 9981. Executive Order 9980 ordered the desegregation of the federal work force and Executive Order 9981 ordered the desegregation of the armed services. He also sent a special message to Congress on February 2, 1948, to implement the recommendations of the President's Committee on Civil Rights. The President's Committee on Civil Rights report also paved way for African American diplomats to break into previously white-dominated positions. Under President Truman, Edward R. Dudley would become the first African American given an ambassadorship, in part due to the findings of race-relations from the committee. However, these moves were largely done due to a harming of foreign relations due to the United States' race problem. Even with the committee's findings, President Truman had trouble acting on his own research, due to domestic backlash. https://store.earthstation1.com/black-civil-rights-films-africanamerican-history-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Television: A History Of Broadcast TV DVD MP4 Download USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 2023: #DOTD: #RIP: Norman Lear, American television writer and film and television producer who has produced, written, created, or developed over 100 shows, and liberal political activist (b. July 27, 1922) #dies at his Los Angeles home from cardiac arrest as a complication of heart failure, aged 101. His body was cremated, and the ashes given to his widow Lyn Davis. Norman Lear was born Norman Milton Lear into a Jewish Family (mother from Ukraine, father from Russia) in New Haven, Connecticut. Lear is known for many popular 1970s sitcoms, including All in the Family, Maude, Sanford And Son, One Day At A Time, The Jeffersons, and Good Times. Lear continued to actively produce television, including the 2017 remake of One Day at a Time and the Netflix revival of Good Times in 2022. Lear has received many awards, including five Emmys, the National Medal Of Arts, and the Kennedy Center Honors. He is a member of the Television Academy Hall of Fame. Lear is also known for his political activism and funding of liberal and progressive causes and politicians. In 1980, Lear founded the advocacy organization People For The American Way to counter the influence of the Christian right in politics, and in the early 2000s, he mounted a tour of the Declaration Of Independence with his Dunlap Broadside - one of the first published copies of the United States Declaration Of Independence which he purchased for 8.1M USD - so that the country could experience its "birth certificate" firsthand. https://store.earthstation1.com/television-1988-tv-documentary-series-8-shows-4-dual-laye198884.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Mozart Mystique w/ Peter Ustinov DVD, MP4 Download, USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 1791: #DOTD: #RIP: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, prolific and influential composer of the Classical period and Freemason (b. January 27, 1756) dies a pauper at age 35 in Vienna, Austria. He had become seriously ill in the fall and rapidly declined, leading to speculation that he had been poisoned. Until his untimely death, this musical genius created over 600 compositions including 16 operas, 41 symphonies, 27 piano and five violin concerti, 25 string quartets, 19 masses, and many other works, many acknowledged as pinnacles of symphonic, concertante, chamber, operatic, and choral music. He is considered among the greatest classical composers of all time, and his influence on Western music is profound. Ludwig van Beethoven composed his early works in the shadow of Mozart, and Joseph Haydn wrote: "posterity will not see such a talent again in 100 years". Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Salzburg, Austria to Leopold Mozart (1719-1787) and Anna Maria, nee Pertl (1720-1778), at Getreidegasse 9 in Salzburg, Archbishopric of Salzburg, Holy Roman Empire (Austria). He was the youngest of seven children, five of whom died in infancy. His elder sister was Maria Anna Mozart (1751-1829), nicknamed "Nannerl". Mozart was baptised the day after his birth, at St. Rupert's Cathedral in Salzburg. The baptismal record gives his name in Latinized form, as Joannes Chrysostomus Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart. He generally called himself "Wolfgang Amade Mozart" as an adult, but his name had many variants. Mozart showed prodigious ability from his earliest childhood. Already competent on keyboard and violin, he composed from the age of five and performed before European royalty. At 17, Mozart was engaged as a musician at the Salzburg court but grew restless and travelled in search of a better position. While visiting Vienna in 1781, he was dismissed from his Salzburg position. He chose to stay in Vienna, where he achieved fame but little financial security. During his final years in Vienna, he composed many of his best-known symphonies, concertos, and operas, and portions of the Requiem, which was largely unfinished at the time of his early death at the age of 35. On December 5, 1791, Mozart died a pauper at age 35 in Vienna, Austria. He had become seriously ill in the fall and rapidly declined, leading to speculation that he had been poisoned. For the last seven years of his life Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a Mason. The Masonic order played an important role in his life and work. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-mozart-mystique-dvd-peter-ustinov-2-part-tv-serie2.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Three Musketeers 1933 John Wayne Lon Chaney Jr. Noah Beery DVD MP4 USB
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 1870: #DOTD: #RIP: Alexandre Dumas, also known as Alexandre Dumas Pere (French: "father"), Black French novelist, playwright and Freemason (b. July 24, 1802) #dies in Puys, France at the age of 68 of a paralytic seizure. He was originally buried at Neuville-Les-Dieppe in Normandy, France; his body was then transferred to town of his birth, Villers-Cotterets, on April 15, 1872 (a town notable as the signing-place in 1539 of The Ordinance Of Villers-Cotterets, which discontinued the use of Latin in official French documents), ultimately to be buried on November 30, 1872 at The Pantheon in Paris, France, next to Victor Hugo. Alexandre Dumas was born Dumas Davy De La Pailleterie in Villers-Cotterets in the department of Aisne, in Picardy, France. Also known as Alexandre Dumas Pere (French: "father"), Alexandre Dumas' works have been translated into many languages, and he is one of the most widely read French authors. Many of his historical novels of high adventure were originally published as serials, including The Count of Monte Cristo, The Three Musketeers, Twenty Years After, and The Vicomte de Bragelonne: Ten Years Later. His novels have been adapted since the early twentieth century for nearly 200 films. Dumas' last novel, The Knight of Sainte-Hermine, unfinished at his death, was completed by scholar Claude Schopp and published in 2005. It was published in English in 2008 as The Last Cavalier. Prolific in several genres, Dumas began his career by writing plays, which were successfully produced from the first. He also wrote numerous magazine articles and travel books; his published works totalled 100,000 pages. In the 1840s, Dumas founded the Theatre Historique in Paris. His father, General Thomas-Alexandre Davy de la Pailleterie, was born in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (present-day Haiti) to Alexandre Antoine Davy de la Pailleterie, a French nobleman, and Marie-Cessette Dumas, a slave of African descent. At age 14 Thomas-Alexandre was taken by his father to France, where he was educated in a military academy and entered the military for what became an illustrious career. Dumas' father's aristocratic rank helped young Alexandre acquire work with Louis-Philippe, Duke of Orleans. He later began working as a writer, finding early success. Decades later, in the election of Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte in 1851, Dumas fell from favour and left France for Belgium, where he stayed for several years. Upon leaving Belgium, Dumas moved to Russia for a few years before going to Italy. In 1861, he founded and published the newspaper L'Indipendente, which supported the Italian unification effort. In 1864, he returned to Paris. Though married, in the tradition of Frenchmen of higher social class, Dumas had numerous affairs (allegedly as many as forty). In his lifetime, he was known to have at least four illegitimate children; although twentieth-century scholars found that Dumas fathered another three other children out of wedlock. He acknowledged and assisted his son, Alexandre Dumas, to become a successful novelist and playwright. They are known as Alexandre Dumas pere ('father') and Alexandre Dumas fils ('son'). Among his affairs, in 1866, Dumas had one with Adah Isaacs Menken, an American actress then less than half his age and at the height of her career. The English playwright Watts Phillips, who knew Dumas in his later life, described him as "the most generous, large-hearted being in the world. He also was the most delightfully amusing and egotistical creature on the face of the earth. His tongue was like a windmill - once set in motion, you never knew when he would stop, especially if the theme was himself.". Dumas is included in the 2002 book by Joseph Cox, Great Black Men of Masonry. Despite Alexandre Dumas' success, despite his Freemasonry and aristocratic connections, his being of mixed-race would affect him all his life. In 1843 he wrote a short novel, Georges, that addressed some of the issues of race and the effects of colonialism. He once remarked to a man who insulted him about his mixed-race background: "My father was a mulatto, my grandfather was a Negro, and my great grandfather a monkey. You see, Sir, my family starts where yours ends.". Dumas added Masonic clues in his stories; The Three Musketeers is based on Masonic principles of the Enlightenment. Freemasonry is also subtly written about by Freemason Brother Alexandre Dumas elsewhere; for example, in "The Count of Monte Cristo": "Edmond had become as skilled in navigating the coastal waters as he had once been on the open sea. He got to know all the smugglers around the Mediterranean and learned the Masonic signs that these semi-pirates used to recognize one another." (Chap. xxii, p. 189.); "But Andrea, turning around towards them, winked, put his tongue in his cheek and gave a clicking of the lips that meant a host of things to these bandits, who fell silent. These were masonic signs that Caderousse had shown him, and the hooligans recognized one of their own." (Chap. cvii, p. 994.); "'More or less. We sailors are like freemasons, we recognize one another by certain signs.'" (Chap. xxxi, p. 266. Penguin Classics Edition). Also in "The Countess de Charny", a chapter describes the advancement of three freemasons into the Illuminati of Cagliostro. ([AQC xciii 4] Philadelphia : T. B. Peterson, [1858.]) https://store.earthstation1.com/three-musketeers-1933-dvd-12-part-movie-serial-john193312.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Apartheid Documentaries Collection DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 2013: #DOTD: #RIP: Nelson Mandela, Black South African lawyer and politician, 1st President of South Africa, Nobel Prize laureate and Prince Hall Freemason (b. July 18, 1918) #dies at around 20:50 local time after suffering from a prolonged respiratory infection at the age of 95 at his home in Houghton, Johannesburg, South Africa, surrounded by his family. President of South Africa Jacob Zuma publicly announced his death on television, proclaiming ten days of national mourning, a memorial service held at Johannesburg's FNB Stadium on December 10, 2013, and December 8 as a national day of prayer and reflection. Mandela's body lay in state from December 11 to 13 at the Union Buildings in Pretoria, and a state funeral was held on December 15 in Qunu, a Xhosa rural village in South Africa's Eastern Cape Province. Approximately 90 representatives of foreign states travelled to South Africa to attend memorial events. It was later revealed that 300 million rand (about 20M USD) originally earmarked for humanitarian development projects had been redirected to finance the funeral. The media was awash with tributes and reminiscences, while images of tributes to Mandela proliferated across social media His 4.1M USD estate was left to his widow, other family members, staff, and educational institutions. He is buried in the Mandela Graveyard in Qunu. Nelson Mandela was #born the son of a Tembu tribal chieftain at Qunu, near Umtata, in South Africa. He became a lawyer, joined the African National Congress (ANC) in 1944, eventually becoming deputy national president in 1952. On August 4, 1962:, he was arrested by security police in South Africa. He was then tried and sentenced to five years in prison. In 1963, he was placed on trial for sabotage, high treason and conspiracy to overthrow the government as a result of his participation in the struggle against apartheid. In 1964, he was convicted, and was sentenced to life in prison. He spent the next 28 years in jail, but remained a symbol of hope to South Africa' non-white majority. A worldwide campaign to free him began in the 1980s and resulted in his release on February 11, 1990, at age 71 after 27 years in prison. In 1993, Mandela shared the Nobel Peace Prize with South Africa' President F.W. de Klerk for their peaceful efforts to bring a nonracial democracy to South Africa. In April 1994, South Africans of all races voted for the first time in an election that brought Mandela the presidency of South Africa. He was raised as a Prince Hall Freemason on June 28, 1990, at the M.W. Prince Hall Grand Lodge North Carolina. https://store.earthstation1.com/apartheid-documentaries-dvd-racial-segregation-in-south-africa.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Montparnasse Revisited: The Genius That Was Paris DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 1926: #DOTD: #RIP: Claude Monet, French painter, a founder of French Impressionist painting and the most consistent and prolific practitioner of the movement's philosophy of expressing one's perceptions before nature, especially as applied to plein air landscape painting (b. November 14, 1840) #dies of lung cancer in Giverny, France at the age of 86, and is buried in the Giverny church cemetery. Monet had insisted that the occasion be simple; thus only about fifty people attended the ceremony. At his funeral, his long-time friend Georges Clemenceau removed the black cloth draped over the coffin, stating, "No black for Monet!" and replaced it with a flower-patterned cloth. Monet did not leave a will and so his son Michel inherited his entire estate. Monet's home, garden, and waterlily pond were bequeathed by Michel to the French Academy of Fine Arts (part of the Institut de France) in 1966. Through the Fondation Claude Monet, the house and gardens were opened for visits in 1980, following restoration. In addition to souvenirs of Monet and other objects of his life, the house contains his collection of Japanese woodcut prints. The house and garden, along with the Museum of Impressionism, are major attractions in Giverny, which hosts tourists from all over the world. Born Oscar-Claude Monet on the fifth floor of 45 rue Laffitte, in the 9th arrondissement of Paris, the term "Impressionism" is derived from the title of his painting Impression, soleil levant (Impression, Sunrise), which was exhibited in 1874 in the first of the independent exhibitions mounted by Monet and his associates as an alternative to the Salon de Paris. Monet's ambition of documenting the French countryside led him to adopt a method of painting the same scene many times in order to capture the changing of light and the passing of the seasons. From 1883, Monet lived in Giverny, where he purchased a house and property and began a vast landscaping project which included lily ponds that would become the subjects of his best-known works. He began painting the water lilies in 1899, first in vertical views with a Japanese bridge as a central feature and later in the series of large-scale paintings that was to occupy him continuously for the next 20 years of his life. https://store.earthstation1.com/montparnasse-revisted-the-genius-that-was-paris-3-dvd3.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Alternative Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band MP3 CD Download USB
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 2007: #DOTD: #RIP: Karlheinz Stockhausen, German composer widely acknowledged as one of the most important and controversial composers of the 20th and early 21st centuries (b. August 22, 1928) #dies in the morning of sudden heart failure at his home in Kuerten, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, aged 79. Just the night before, he had finished a recently commissioned work for performance by the Mozart Orchestra of Bologna. He is buried at the Friedhof Kuerten. Karlheinz Stockhausen was born in Burg Modrath, the "castle" of the village of Modrath near Kerpen in the Cologne region of Germany. One of the great visionaries of 20th-century music, he is known for his groundbreaking work in electronic music, for introducing controlled chance (aleatory techniques or aleatoric musical techniques, from the Latin word alea, meaning "dice") into serial composition, and for musical spatialization. In 1941 he learned that his mother had died, ostensibly from leukemia, although everyone at the same hospital had supposedly died of the same disease. It was generally understood that she had been a victim of the Nazi policy of killing "useless eaters". The official letter to the family falsely claimed she had died June 16, 1941, but contemporary research by Lisa Quernes, a student at the Landesmusikgymnasium in Montabaur, has determined that she was gassed along with 89 other people at the Hadamar Euthanasia Centre in Hesse-Nassau on May 27, 1941. Stockhausen dramatized his mother's death in hospital by lethal injection, in Act 1 scene 2 ("Mondeva") of the opera Donnerstag aus Licht (Kurtz 1992, 213). In the autumn of 1944, he was conscripted to serve as a stretcher bearer in Bedburg. In February 1945, he met his father for the last time in Altenberg. Simon, who was on leave from the front, told his son, "I'm not coming back. Look after things". By the end of the war, his father was regarded as missing in action, and may have been killed in Hungary. He was educated at the Hochschule Fur Musik Koln (Cologne University Of Music, Europe's largest academy of music), later studying with Olivier Messiaen in Paris and with Werner Meyer-Eppler at the University of Bonn. One of the leading figures of the Darmstadt School, his compositions and theories were and remain widely influential, not only on composers of art music, but also on jazz and popular music. His works, composed over a period of nearly sixty years, eschew traditional forms. In addition to electronic music, both with and without live performers, they range from miniatures for musical boxes through works for solo instruments, songs, chamber music, choral and orchestral music, to a cycle of seven full-length operas. His theoretical and other writings comprise ten large volumes. He received numerous prizes and distinctions for his compositions, recordings, and for the scores produced by his publishing company. His notable compositions include the series of nineteen Klavierstucke (Piano Pieces), Kontra-Punkte for ten instruments, the electronic/musique-concrete Gesang der Junglinge, Gruppen for three orchestras, the percussion solo Zyklus, Kontakte, the cantata Momente, the live-electronic Mikrophonie I, Hymnen, Stimmung for six vocalists, Aus den sieben Tagen, Mantra for two pianos and electronics, Tierkreis, Inori for soloists and orchestra, and the gigantic opera cycle Licht. The Beatles included his face on the cover of Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band. This reflects his influence on the band's own avant-garde experiments as well as the general fame and notoriety he had achieved by that time (1967). In particular, "A Day in the Life" (1967) and "Revolution 9" (1968) were influenced by Stockhausen's electronic music. He died of sudden heart failure at the age of 79, on 5 December 2007 at his home in Kurten, Germany. https://store.earthstation1.com/alternative-sgt-pepper39s-lonely-hearts-club-band-mp3-cd-download-393.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The History Of Jazz A Video Retrospective DVD, MP4 Download, USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 1977: #DOTD: #RIP: Rahsaan Roland Kirk, known earlier in his career simply as Roland Kirk, African American jazz multi-instrumentalist who played tenor saxophone, flute, and many other instruments, renowned for his onstage vitality, during which virtuoso improvisation was accompanied by comic banter, political ranting, and the ability to play several instruments simultaneously, one of whoses best-known recorded performances is the lead flute and solo on Jones' "Soul Bossa Nova", a 1964 hit song repopularized in the Austin Powers films, and whose "Serenade To A Cuckoo" inspired leader and flautist of Jethro Tull Ian Anderson to make flute playing the signature element of the band and thereby found coincidentally the musical genre "Flute Rock" (b. August 7, 1935) #dies of a secondary stroke aged 42, the morning after performing in the Frangipani Room of the Indiana University Student Union in Bloomington, Indiana. He is buried at Evergreen Burial Park in Columbus. Columbus Mayor Jack Sensenbrenner had declared Saturday, Dec. 10, 1970, "Rahsaan day," according to the Columbus Dispatch obituary that appeared on Thursday, Dec. 8, 1977. Rahsaan Roland Kirk was born Ronald Theodore Kirk in Columbus, Ohio, where he lived in a neighborhood known as Flytown. He became blind at two years old, which he said was a result of improper medical treatment. As a teenager, Kirk studied at the Ohio State School for the Blind. By 15, he was on the road playing rhythm and blues on weekends with Boyd Moore's band. According to saxophonist Hank Crawford, "He would be like this 14-year-old blind kid playing two horns at once. They would bring him out and he would tear the joint up." Crawford heard him during this period and said he was unbelievable. He remarked, "Now they had him doing all kinds of goofy stuff but he was playing the two horns and he was playing the shit out of them. He was an original from the beginning." Kirk felt compelled by a dream to transpose two letters in his first name to make '"Roland". In 1970, Kirk added "Rahsaan" to his name after hearing it in a dream. Kirk was politically outspoken. During his concerts, between songs he often talked about topical issues, including African-American history and the Civil Rights Movement. His monologues were often laced with satire and absurdist humor. According to comedian Jay Leno, when Leno toured with Kirk as Kirk's opening act, Kirk would introduce him by saying: "I want to introduce a young brother who knows the black experience and knows all about the white devils.... Please welcome Jay Leno!" Kirk's hometown of Columbus was not appreciative of his work for most of his career. He was thrown out of a local nightclub because his music was too difficult to understand, and he left for Los Angeles and further touring. In the 21st century, jazz fans in Columbus have been embracing his legacy. Kirk's musical career spans from 1955 until his death in 1977. He preferred to lead his own bands and rarely performed as a sideman, although he did record with arranger Quincy Jones, drummer Roy Haynes and worked with bassist Charles Mingus. Kirk's multi-instrumentality was credited as having a substantial musical conception. This inclusivity included blues music, a love of stride piano and early jazz, and an appreciation for pop tunes. But his vision was much wider than that of most of his contemporaries. According to producer Joel Dorn, he was also hugely knowledgeable about classical music. Pieces by Saint-Saens, Hindemith, Tchaikovsky, Dvorak and Villa-Lobos would all feature on his albums over the years, alongside standards, pop songs and original compositions. Rahsaan's influences went beyond jazz and consequentially, he preferred the term "Black Classical Music". His playing was generally rooted in soul jazz or hard bop, but Kirk's knowledge of jazz history allowed him to draw from many elements of the music's past, from ragtime to swing and free jazz. Kirk also absorbed classical influences, and his artistry reflected elements of pop music by composers such as Smokey Robinson and Burt Bacharach, as well as Duke Ellington, John Coltrane and other jazz musicians. Kirk played and collected many musical instruments, mainly multiple saxophones, clarinets and flutes. His primary saxophones were a standard tenor saxophone, stritch (a straight alto sax lacking the instrument's conventional upturned bell), and a manzello (a modified saxello soprano sax, with a larger, upturned bell). A number of his instruments were exotic or homemade. Kirk modified instruments himself to accommodate his simultaneous playing technique. Critic Gary Giddins wrote that Kirk's tenor playing alone was enough to bring him "renown". Usually, he appeared on stage with all three horns hanging around his neck, and at times he would play a number of these horns at once, harmonizing with himself, or sustain a note for lengthy durations by using circular breathing. He used the multiple horns to play true chords, essentially functioning as a one-man saxophone section. Kirk insisted that he was only trying to emulate the sounds he heard in his head. Even while playing two or three saxophones at once, the music was intricate, powerful jazz with a strong feel for the blues. The live album Bright Moments (1973) is an example of one of his shows. Kirk was also an influential flute player, including recorders. According to Giddins, Kirk was the first major jazz innovator on flute after Eric Dolphy (who died in 1964). Kirk employed several techniques, including singing or humming into the flute at the same time as playing. Another was to play the standard transverse flute at the same time as a nose flute. He played a variety of other instruments, including whistles; often kept a gong within reach; the clarinet, harmonica, English horn, and was a competent trumpeter. He utilized unique approaches, such as playing a trumpet with a saxophone mouthpiece. He also made use of non-musical devices, such as alarm clocks, sirens, or a section of common garden hose (dubbed "the black mystery pipes"). From the early 1970s, his studio recordings used tape-manipulated musique concrete and primitive electronic sounds before such things became commonplace. The Case of the 3 Sided Dream in Audio Color was a unique album in the annals of recorded jazz and popular music. It was a two-LP set, with Side 4 apparently "blank", the label not indicating any content. However, once word of "the secret message" got around among Rahsaan's fans, one would find that about 12 minutes into Side 4 appeared the first of two telephone answering machine messages recorded by Kirk, the second following soon thereafter (but separated by more blank grooves). The surprise impact of these segments appearing on "blank" Side 4 was lost on the initial CD reissue of this album (though restored as track 20 on the CD re-release). He gleaned information on what was happening in the world via radio and TV. His later recordings often incorporated his spoken commentaries on current events, including Richard Nixon's involvement in the Watergate scandal. The 3-Sided Dream album was a "concept album" which incorporated "found" or environmental sounds and tape loops, tapes being played backwards, etc. Snippets of Billie Holiday singing are also heard briefly. The album even confronts the rise of influence of computers in society, as Rahsaan threatens to pull the plug on the machine trying to tell him what to do. In the album Other Folks' Music the spoken words of Paul Robeson, another outspoken black artist, can be briefly heard. His legacy and influence are immense; Ian Anderson, leader and flautist of Jethro Tull recorded a version of Kirk's "Serenade to a Cuckoo" on their first album This Was (1968). Roland Kirk was the very reason Anderson thought he could bring a flute into rock music. Anderson learned Kirk's vocalizing style on the flute and Anderson's flute playing became the signature element of Jethro Tull's sound. Kirk and Anderson took the flute's refined upper crust classical nature and commonized it. Anderson got to know Kirk at the 1969 Newport Jazz Festival where they both performed the same night. Anderson said of Kirk "There's something about these colourful shamans. They can tease us, but we go along with it, because we know they're touched by genius, but at the same time there's a little bit of the snake oil for sale.". Jeff Coffin, the saxophonist in Bela Fleck and the Flecktones was heavily influenced by Kirk's music and says he learned through Kirk that it's OK to experiment with an instrument. He used Kirk's multi-horn inventions with the Flecktones and on his solo album Mutopia. Guitarist Jimi Hendrix "idolized" Kirk, and even hoped to collaborate with him one day. Frank Zappa had been influenced by Kirk's music to a considerable extent early in his career. In the liner notes to his 1966 debut album with The Mothers of Invention, Freak Out!, Zappa cites Kirk as one of many in a lengthy list of personal musical influences. Kirk and Zappa performed live together at least once, at the 1969 Boston Globe Jazz Festival. Derek Trucks, a huge Kirk fan, recorded Kirk's composition "Volunteered Slavery" with his namesake group for the 2004 album Live at Georgia Theatre, the 2006 studio album Songlines, and the DVD Songlines Live. He said that hearing Kirk's music "felt much the same way those Hendrix records felt, that he was blowing the rules wide open..." David Jackson, of Van der Graaf Generator, was also highly influenced by the style and technique of Kirk, and he plays multiple saxophones simultaneously since at least 1969. Guitarist Michael Angelo Batio said in a 2008 interview with Ultimate Guitar Archive that Kirk's playing of two saxophones at once inspired him to create his "double guitar". T.J. Kirk was a band named after the three artists it tributed: Thelonious Monk, James Brown, and Rahsaan Roland Kirk. Formed by eight-string guitarist Charlie Hunter as a side group to his own self-titled band, the band's other members include Scott Amendola, Will Bernard, and John Schott. Paul Weller cited the Kirk album I Talk with the Spirits (1964) as one of his "Most Influential Albums" in an interview with The Times in 2009. Bjork named The Inflated Tear as one of her favorite jazz pieces, calling it "primitive and instinctive", "open to nature", and "punk". Davey Payne's twin saxophone solo on "Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick" (Ian Dury & the Blockheads, 1978) was inspired by Kirk. Terry Edwards' twin saxophone solo on "The Ministry of Defence" by PJ Harvey (2016) was inspired by Kirk. Eric Burdon and War's 1970 debut album Eric Burdon Declares War features the track "The Vision of Rassan", which is broken up into two pieces "Dedication" and "Roll on Kirk". The English post-punk group Rip Rig + Panic were named after the album of the same name by Roland Kirk. Clutch pay tribute to Roland Kirk in the song "Three Golden Horns" off their 2022 album Sunrise on Slaughter Beach. Jazz producer berlioz pays homage to Roland Kirk in the track "ode to rahsaan" from berlioz's 2024 album open this wall. In 1975, Kirk had a major stroke which led to partial paralysis of one side of his body. He continued to perform and record, modifying his instruments to enable him to play with one arm. At a live performance at Ronnie Scott's Jazz Club in London he even managed to play two instruments, and carried on to tour internationally and to appear on television. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-history-of-jazz-by-billy-taylor-parts-i-amp-ii-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: TV Music & Dance Shows #5 Ready Steady Go! DVD, Download, Flash Drive
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 2023: #DOTD: #RIP: Denny Laine, English musician, singer, and songwriter known as a founder of two major British rock bands: The Moody Blues, with whom he played from 1964 to 1966, and Paul McCartney and Wings (b. October 29, 1944) #dies from interstitial lung disease in Naples, Florida at the age of 79. He remains were cremated, and his ashes scattered at a private place in Naples, Florida. Denny Laine was born Brian Frederick Hines in Tyseley, Birmingham, England. Laine has worked with a variety of artists and groups over a six decade career, and continued to record and perform as a solo artist thereafter. In 2018, Laine was inducted into The Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame as a member of the Moody Blues. https://store.earthstation1.com/classic-tv-music-amp-dance-shows-5-ready-steady-go-dv5.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Satchmo: Louis Armstrong Biography + Bonus Title DVD MP4 USB Drive
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 2012: #DOTD: #RIP: Dave Brubeck, American jazz pianist and composer, considered to be one of the foremost exponents of cool jazz (b. December 6, 1920) #dies of heart failure in Norwalk, Connecticut, one day before his 92nd birthday, while on his way to a cardiology appointment, accompanied by his son Darius. A birthday party concert had been planned for him with family and famous guests. He is interred at Umpawaug Cemetery in Redding, Connecticut. A memorial tribute was held in May 2013. He was born David Warren Brubeck in Concord, California. Brubeck had Swiss ancestry (the family surname was originally Brodbeck), and possibly Native American Modoc lineage, while his maternal grandparents were English and German. Dave Brubeck wrote a number of jazz standards, including "In Your Own Sweet Way" and "The Duke". Brubeck' style ranged from refined to bombastic, reflecting his mother' attempts at classical training and his improvisational skills. His music is known for employing unusual time signatures, and superimposing contrasting rhythms, meters, and tonalities. His long-time musical partner, alto saxophonist Paul Desmond, wrote the saxophone melody for the Dave Brubeck Quartet' best remembered piece, "Take Five", which is in 5/4 time and has endured as a jazz classic on one of the top-selling jazz albums, Time Out. Brubeck experimented with time signatures throughout his career, recording "Pick Up Sticks" in 6/4, "Unsquare Dance" in 7/4, "World' Fair" in 13/4, and "Blue Rondo a la Turk" in 9/8. He was also a respected composer of orchestral and sacred music and wrote soundtracks for television, such as Mr. Broadway and the animated miniseries This Is America, Charlie Brown. https://store.earthstation1.com/satchmo-louis-armstrong-biography-dvd-mp4-usb-driv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: To The Moon: The Story In Sound Set CD, MP3 Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 1994: #DOTD: #RIP: Herbert Zim, naturalist, author, editor, publisher and educator best known as the founder (1945) and editor-in-chief of the Golden Guides series of nature books and for popularizing the legend of the moonfaring Chinese official (variously an Emperor or a court Mandarin) Wan Hu (b. July 12, 1909) #dies at Plantation Key, Florida at the age of 85, survived by his second wife, Grace Showe, and two sons. His burial details are not publicly disclosed. Born Herbert Spencer Zim in New York City, he spent his childhood years in southern California. At the age of fourteen he returned to the east. He took his degrees (B.S., M.S., Ph.D.) at Columbia University.Zim wrote or edited more than one hundred books on science, and in a thirty-year career teaching in the public schools introduced laboratory instruction into elementary school science. He is best known as the founder in 1945 (and, for twenty-five years, editor in chief) of the Golden Guides, pocket-size introductions for children to such subjects as fossils, zoology, microscopy, rocks and minerals, trees, wildflowers, dinosaurs, navigation and more. He was the sole or co-author for many of the books, which were valued for their clarity, accuracy and attractive presentation-helped by the illustrations of James Gordon Irving and Zim's friend Raymond Perlman. He moved to Florida with his wife, the anthropologist Sonia (Sonnie) Bleeker, and continued to work on the Golden Guides series until Alzheimer's disease forced him to slow down in the 1990s. He died in 1994 at Plantation Key, survived by his second wife, Grace Showe, and two sons. Wan Hu, a legendary Chinese Emperor or court Mandarin, supposedly of 2000 BC or else the middle Ming dynasty (16th century), was described in the 20th century sources of John Elfreth Watkins, Herbert S. Zim and George Edward Pendray as the world's first space traveler (astronaut) by being lifted by rockets into outer space. The crater Wan-Hoo on the far side of the Moon is named after him. The Legend Of Wan Hu begins with a precursor of the story of Wan Hu appeared in the article "The Modern Icarus" by John Elfreth Watkins published in the October 2, 1909 issue of Scientific American, but used the name Wang Tu instead of Wan Hu: "Tradition asserts that the first to sacrifice himself to the problem of flying was Wang Tu, a Chinese mandarin of about 2,000 years B.C. Who, having had constructed a pair of large, parallel and horizontal kites, seated himself in a chair fixed between them while forty-seven attendants each with a candle ignited forty-seven rockets placed beneath the apparatus. But the rocket under the chair exploded, burning the mandarin and so angered the Emperor that he ordered a severe paddling for Wang." The possibly farcical text proceeds to describe several other fictional stories of ancient aviators. A date of 2000 BC pre-dates the emergence of writing in China by three or four centuries and pre-dates the invention of gunpowder-based rockets in China by about 3,000 years. The legend of "Wan Hu" was widely disseminated by an unreferenced account in Rockets and Jets by American author Herbert S. Zim in 1945. Another book from the same year, by George Edward Pendray, describes it as an "oft repeated tale of those early days." Most authorities consider the story apocryphal: "Early in the sixteenth century, Wan decided to take advantage of China's advanced rocket and fireworks technology to launch himself into outer space. He supposedly had a chair built with forty-seven rockets attached. On the day of lift-off, Wan, splendidly attired, climbed into his rocket chair and forty seven servants lit the fuses and then hastily ran for cover. There was a huge explosion. When the smoke cleared, Wan and the chair were gone, and was said never to have been seen again." In a 2004 episode of the television series MythBusters, an attempt was made to recreate Wan Hu's flight using materials that would have been available to him. The chair exploded on the launch pad, with the crash test dummy showing what would be severe burns. An attempt was also made using a chair with modern rockets attached; however, the uncontrollable craft proved that there were far too many complications for such a thing to have succeeded. It was determined that small rockets that can be strapped to a chair cannot provide sufficient thrust to effectively lift it, giving the legend the label of myth "busted". The view the crew members had of the first test as it was performed matched what the legend said; after the smoke from the explosion had cleared, both Buster (the crash-test dummy) and the chair had disappeared, though Buster and the remains of the chair were found next to the 'launch-pad'. In a show about inventions on Chinese Central Television called Tian Gong Kai Wu, Wan Hu was said to be able to lift himself only by a foot using rockets. In most Chinese versions of Wan Hu's story, he is described as an unfortunate pioneer of space travel who was burnt to death because of the explosion caused by the rockets, instead of becoming the first astronaut in history. In the BioWare game Jade Empire, the player can read about a character named "Cao Shong" who straps rockets to a chair in an effort to fly. The chair explodes, killing him. In the 2008 film Kung Fu Panda, Po, the protagonist, straps multiple rockets to a chair in an attempt to attend the Dragon Warrior ceremony, after his attempts to climb the stairs proved too arduous. As a result, he is then flung upwards and then dumped rather unceremoniously into the palace courtyard. https://store.earthstation1.com/to-the-moon-the-story-in-sound-complete-6-album-set-mp3-63.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Presidential Campaign TV Ads 1952-1992 MP4 Video Download 4 DVD Set
Today, December 5, 2025
December 5, 2021: #DOTD: #RIP: Bob Dole, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, United States House Representative from Kansas from 1961 to 1969, United States Senator from Kansas for 27 years from 1969 to 1996, Republican Leader of the Senate during the final 11 years of his tenure, including three non-consecutive years as Senate Majority Leader, Republican vice presidential nominee in the 1976 election, Republican presidential nominee in the 1996 election (b. July 22, 1923) #dies in the morning in his sleep at his home in Washington, D.C. of complications of stage four lung cancer after forgoing chemotherapy due to its negative effect on his body in favor of immunotherapy, age of 98. One month before he died, he became the oldest former U.S. representative, following the death of Neal Smith. Numerous politicians paid tribute to Dole after his death, including President Joe Biden and former presidents Jimmy Carter, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Barack Obama and Donald Trump. President Biden issued an order for flags to be flown at half-staff through December 11, 2021, with House Speaker Nancy Pelosi and Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer announcing that Dole would lie in state at the U.S. Capitol on December 9. A funeral service was held at Washington National Cathedral on December 10 and was attended by President Biden with First Lady Jill Biden, Vice President Kamala Harris with her husband, second gentleman Doug Emhoff, former president Bill Clinton, former vice presidents Mike Pence, Dick Cheney and Dan Quayle, Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell, and former senators Pat Roberts and Tom Daschle, among others. Later that same day, a memorial ceremony was held at the National World War II Memorial where Chairman of the Joint Chiefs Of Staff General Mark A. Milley, actor Tom Hanks and Today Show co-anchor Savannah Guthrie were among those who spoke. Dole's casket then returned to Kansas where a memorial service was held at the Catholic Church in his boyhood home of Russell on December 11. The service was open to the public. Speakers included Kansas Governor Laura Kelly, Senators Jerry Moran and Roger Marshall and former Senator Pat Roberts. His casket then went to lie in repose at the Kansas Statehouse. Following that, the casket returned to Washington and he was interred at Arlington National Cemetery. Bob Dole was born Robert Joseph Dole in Russell, Kansas, where he was raised and established a legal career after serving with distinction in the United States Army during World War II. Following a period as Russell County Attorney, he won election to the House of Representatives in 1960. In 1968, Dole was elected to the Senate, where he served as chairman of the Republican National Committee from 1971 to 1973 and chairman of the Senate Finance Committee from 1981 to 1985. He led the Senate Republicans from 1985 to his resignation in 1996, and served as Senate Majority Leader from 1985 to 1987 and from 1995 to 1996. In his role as Republican leader, he helped defeat Democratic President Bill Clinton's health care plan. President Gerald Ford chose Dole as his running mate in the 1976 election after Vice President Nelson Rockefeller withdrew from seeking a full term. Ford was defeated by Democrat Jimmy Carter in the general election. Dole sought the Republican presidential nomination in 1980, but quickly dropped out of the race. He experienced more success in the 1988 Republican primaries but was defeated by Vice President George H. W. Bush. Dole won the Republican presidential nomination in 1996 and selected Jack Kemp as his running mate. The Republican ticket lost in the general election to Clinton, making Dole the first unsuccessful major party nominee for both president and vice president. He resigned from the Senate during the 1996 campaign and did not seek public office again after the election. Dole remained active after retiring from public office. He appeared in numerous commercials and television programs and served on various councils. In 2012, Dole unsuccessfully advocated Senate ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. He initially supported Jeb Bush in the 2016 Republican primaries, but later became the only former Republican presidential nominee to endorse Donald Trump in the general election. Dole was a member of the advisory council of the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation and special counsel at the Washington, D.C., office of law firm Alston & Bird. Dole was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal on January 17, 2018. He was married to former U.S. Senator Elizabeth Dole of North Carolina. https://store.earthstation1.com/presidential-campaign-tv-ads-19521984-dvds-2-dual-la195219842.html