Today's
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Today, April 25, 2026
April 25: National Lingerie Day: --
Celebrates the best of decorative garments that allow you to feel
sexy for yourself and your partners! 'Lingerie' is a French word
that means underwear. By using the French word, the intention is
to suggest that this underwear is both sophisticated and sexy.
Lingerie was primarily women's underwear but over time, designers
have designed items of lingerie that suit men. While underwear is
a common undergarment, lingerie takes it a step further with its
attractive, alluring quality. National Lingerie Day celebrates
beautiful and alluring underwear that aims to be a visual treat.
Lingerie refers to underwear that is not just functional but also
beautiful and sexy. Lingerie is designed to be visually attractive
and frame the bodies that wear it. Lingerie is made from fabrics
like silk, satin, lace, chiffon, charmeuse, or lycra. These
fabrics ensure that the lingerie is light in weight, sheer, and
stretchy. Lingerie is designed to be comfortable to wear. During
the late 19th century, Lady Duff-Gordon began to design lingerie
that was less bulky and more shape-defining than corsets.
Underwear was now designed to fit closer to the body, be lighter,
and be more breathable and wearable. Once the First World War
broke out, women had to join the workforce, especially in
factories. The requirements for underwear became more about
practicality. During the 20th century, the designs evolved and
became more visually appealing. By the 21st century, designers
began to look at lingerie as being fashionable. Modern fabrics and
production methods made modern lingerie designs feasible and
accessible to more people. It was affordable to buy beautiful
lingerie and people now had access to a greater variety of
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Today, April 25, 2026
April 25: Ella Fitzgerald Day: -- April
25, 1917: #BOTD: #HBD! Ella Fitzgerald, African American jazz
singer often referred to as the First Lady of Song, Queen of Jazz,
and Lady Ella (d. June 15, 1996) is #born Ella Jane Fitzgerald in
Newport News, Virginia. Ella Fitzgerald was noted for her purity
of tone, impeccable diction, phrasing and intonation, and a
"horn-like" improvisational ability, particularly in her
scat singing. After tumultuous teenage years, Fitzgerald found
stability in musical success with the Chick Webb Orchestra,
performing across the country, but most often associated with the
Savoy Ballroom in Harlem. Fitzgerald's rendition of the nursery
rhyme "A-Tisket, A-Tasket" helped boost both her and
Webb to national fame. After taking over the band when Webb died,
Fitzgerald left it behind in 1942 to start a solo career that
would last effectively the rest of her life. Signed with manager
and Savoy co-founder Moe Gale from early in her career, she
eventually gave managerial control for her performance and
recording career to Norman Granz, who built up the label Verve
Records based in part on Fitzgerald's vocal abilities. With Verve
she recorded some of her more widely noted works, particularly her
interpretation of the Great American Songbook, also known as
"American Standards", the canon of the most important
and influential American popular songs and jazz standards from the
early 20th century. While Fitzgerald appeared in movies and as a
guest on popular television shows in the second half of the
twentieth century, her musical collaborations with Louis
Armstrong, Duke Ellington, and The Ink Spots were some of her most
notable acts outside of her solo career. These partnerships
produced recognizable songs like "Dream a Little Dream of
Me", "Cheek to Cheek", "Into Each Life Some
Rain Must Fall", and "It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't
Got That Swing)". In 1993, Fitzgerald capped off her
fifty-nine year career with her last public performance. Three
years later, she died in her Beverly Hills, California home from a
stroke at the age of 79, following years of decline in her health.
Her funeral was private, and she is buried at Inglewood Park
Cemetery in Inglewood, California. After her death, Fitzgerald's
influence lived on through her fourteen Grammy Awards, National
Medal of Arts, Presidential Medal Of Freedom, and tributes in the
form of stamps, music festivals, and theater namesakes.
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Today, April 25, 2026
April 25: National Telephone Day: --
Around the world, there are 9.82 billion mobile phones. And while
some predicted the landline to be obsolete by 2020, there are
still about 931 million landlines around the world. The correct
answer to a trivia question like "Who invented the
telephone?" is the name on the patent. In this case, the
whole world knows the answer is Alexander Graham Bell. Had his
attorney been delayed by foul weather or poor planning, the answer
may be a different name. On February 14, 1876, Marcellus Bailey,
one of Bell's attorneys, rushed into the U.S. Patent office in
Boston to file the patent for what would be the telephone. Later
the same day, Elisha Gray filed a patent caveat for a similar
device. A caveat is an intent to file for a patent. There was also
a third contender. Antonio Meucci filed a caveat in November of
1871 for a talking telegraph but failed to renew the caveat due to
hardships. Because Bell submitted his record first, the patent
office awarded Bell the patent on March 7, 1876. Gray contested
this decision in court, but without success. Born March 3, 1847,
in Edinburgh, United Kingdom, Bell taught at a boys' boarding
school. The sounds of speech were an integral part of his life.
His father developed a "Visible Speech" system for deaf
students to communicate. Bell would later become a friend and
benefactor of Helen Keller. Three days after the patent was
approved, Bell spoke the first words by telephone to his
assistant. "Mr.Watson, come here! I want to see you!" By
May, Bell and his team stood prepared for a public demonstration.
And there would be no better place than the grand stage of the
World's Fair in Philadelphia. On May 10, 1876, in a crowded
Machinery Hall, a man's voice transmitted from a small horn and
carried out through a speaker to the audience. One year later, the
White House installed its first phone. The telephone revolution
began. Bell Telephone Company was founded on July 9, 1877, and
they installed the first public telephone lines from Boston to
Sommerville, Massachusetts, the same year. By the end of the
decade, nearly 50,000 phones existed in the United States. In May
of 1967, phone companies across the country installed the
one-millionth telephone. To observe National Telephone Day:
Celebrate by calling someone and telling them Happy National
Telephone Day; share your vintage telephone pictures on social
media; Try making a call with a rotary phone; and post to social
media the hashtag #NationalTelephoneDay to show the different
phones that have been used! In May of 1967, the 100 millionth
telephone line was installed in the United States. On May 11th,
governors and dignitaries for U.S. territories joined President
Lyndon Johnson on the largest conference call ever held up to that
date. Each governor, dignitary, and the President were issued gold
phones to commemorate the day. At the same time, a proclamation
was issued declaring May 12th as National Telephone Day. There is
no record of the day being observed again on that date. However,
National Day Calendar continues to research the origins of this
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Today, April 25, 2026
April 25: License Plates Day: -- On April
25, 1901, New York became the first U.S. state to require
automobile license plates. Prior to this, there was no official
marking or designation on any vehicle. The lack of acknowledgment
hurt the vehicle owners because horses and carriages had more
rights, and they could be denied access to roads. With the passage
of New York's law requiring a state-iissued icense plate to be
displayed on vehicles, the trend was swiftly picked up by the
entire West Coast states. Today, there are more than 250 million
registered vehicles in the country, and each of them has a unique
number plate. It's amazing to think that today's norms are
yesterday's discoveries. It wasn't until the 20th century that
someone thought of distinguishing vehicles on the basis of number
plates. In 1901, New York Governor Benjamin Odell Jr. signed a new
bill into a law that required motor vehicle owners to be
registered with the state. Initially, the bill included directions
about the design of the plate, which were later scrapped after the
big automobile boom of the '50s. Individuals could design their
own plates, as long as the characters were three inches high. On
May 2, 1901, George F. Chamberlain became the first person to
receive a license plate for his vehicle. A week after the law came
into effect on April 25, 17 people had already applied for
licenses. Within a year, the number of license plates in America
climbed up to 1,566. Although individually marking vehicles at the
time came at a cost and effort to both authorities and citizens,
it was also a relief. Without proper marking or acknowledgment,
vehicle owners were harassed by laws that differed in each state.
The U.S. took its lead from the Netherlands and France, which
started a national database for license plates in the early 1890s.
License plate historian Keith Marvin notes that the license plate
fashion parade was a spectacle of the past, with owners resorting
to the use of metal, leather, and even wood to adorn their plates.
The license plating took a turn from the initials of the owner to
state numerals as their numbers increased. Subsequently, the state
took over the issuance, designing, and database of license plates.
On April 25, people take their cars for a stroll and display their
unique plates in pride. License plate exhibitions are held across
the country, and passionate souls come together to share their
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Today, April 25, 2026
April 25: National DNA Day: -- On April
25, 1953, Francis Crick and James Watson publish "Molecular
Structure Of Nucleic Acids: A Structure For Deoxyribose Nucleic
Acid" describing the double helix structure of DNA for the
first time. On this annual observance date, cientists, biologists,
and genetics enthusiasts come together to celebrate the discovery,
and to encourageresearch into DNA and the scientific advancements
that helped make progress possible. Organized annually by the
Human Genome Research Institute, National DNA Day encourages
people to learn more about the science that makes them genetically
unique. On April 25, 1953, molecular biologist James Dewey
Watson's academic paper presenting DNA's double-helix structure
(which he co-authored with British molecular biologists Francis
Crick and Maurice Wilkins) was published in the scientific
journal, Nature. Nine years later, the three scientists were
awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for unearthing
the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its importance for
genetic information transfer in living beings. On April 14, 2003,
the Human Genome Project, an international scientific research
project with the goal of determining the base pairs that make up
human DNA and identifying all genes of the human genome, was
declared complete. The project lasted for 13 years, finishing two
years ahead of schedule, and was publicly funded by the U.S.
government. It originally set to map the nucleotides contained
within a human haploid genome, but scientists quickly realized
that the genome of any given individual is completely unique, so
mapping the human genome involved mapping the DNA of a small
number of individuals and then piecing them all together to create
a complete sequence for each individual chromosome. Meaning the
complete human genome is more-so a mosaic rather than
representative of any one individual. Following the completion of
the Human Genome Project, both the Senate and the House of
Representatives proclaimed April 25, 2003 DNA Day and April as
Human Genome Month. The day marked 50 years since Watson, Crick,
and Wilkins' academic paper was published and the month itself was
considered significant in genome discovery. However, they only
declared it a one-time celebration rather than an annual holiday.
Since then, National DNA Day events and celebrations have been
hosted by the National Human Genome Research Institute in order to
encourage further research as well as celebrate and continue to
acknowledge all of the hard work that has been dedicated to the
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Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1874: International Marconi Day
(IMD): -- #BOTD: Guglielmo Marconi, 1st Marquis of Marconi,
Italian inventor, entrepreneur, businessman and electrical
engineer known for his pioneering work on long-distance radio
transmission and for his development of Marconi's Law and a radio
telegraph system (d. 1937) is #born in Bologna, Italy. He
pioneered the use of wireless telegraphy in the 1890s. By 1921,
Marconi's invention had been developed into wireless telephony
(voice radio). He is therefore often credited as the inventor of
radio, and he shared the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physics with Karl
Ferdinand Braun "in recognition of their contributions to the
development of wireless telegraphy". Marconi was founder of
The Wireless Telegraph and Signal Company in the United Kingdom in
1897, which ultimately became the Marconi Company. He succeeded in
making an engineering and commercial success of radio by
innovating and building on the work of previous experimenters and
physicists, such as Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge, John Stone Stone, and
especially Nikola Tesla. In 1929, Marconi was ennobled as a
Marchese (marquis) by King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and, in
1931, he set up the Vatican Radio for Pope Pius XI. In 1943, six
years after Marconi's death, and in the midst of World War II
hostilities against Italy, the Supreme Court Of The United States
declared Marconi's claim to certain patents were questionable,
especially those regarding being the "inventor" of
radio, and handed down a decision on Marconi's radio patents,
restoring some of the prior patents of Oliver Lodge, John Stone
Stone, and Nikola Tesla. Nevertheless, the decision was not about
Marconi's original radio patents, and the court declared that
their decision had no bearing on Marconi's claim as the first to
achieve radio transmission - despite their ruling that he could
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Today, April 25, 2026
April 25: Anzac Day: -- April 25, 1915:
The European Civil War: World War I: The First European War (The
European Theater Of World War I): The African Theatre Of World War
I: The Middle Eastern Theater Of World War I: The Battle Of
Gallipoli (The Gallipoli Campaign, The Dardanelles Campaign, The
Defense Of Gallipoli): -- The Battle Of Gallipoli begins as the
Turkish Gallipoli Peninsula is invaded by landings at Anzac Cove
and Cape Helles by British, French, Indian, Newfoundland,
Australian and New Zealand troops. By December 20, 1915, the last
Australian troops would be evacuated from Gallipoli in defeat. The
Gallipoli Campaign, also known as the Dardanelles Campaign, the
Battle Of Gallipoli, or the Battle of Canakkale, was a campaign of
the First World War that took place on the Gallipoli peninsula
(Gelibolu in modern Turkey) in the Ottoman Empire between 17
February 1915 and 9 January 1916. The peninsula forms the northern
bank of the Dardanelles, a strait that provided a sea route to the
Russian Empire, one of the Allied powers during the war. Intending
to secure it, Russia' allies, Britain and France, launched a naval
attack followed by an amphibious landing on the peninsula, with
the aim of capturing the Ottoman capital of Constantinople (modern
Istanbul). The naval attack was repelled and after eight months'
fighting, with many casualties on both sides, the land campaign
was abandoned and the invasion force was withdrawn to Egypt. The
campaign was the only major Ottoman victory of the war. In Turkey,
it is regarded as a defining moment in the nation' history, a
final surge in the defence of the motherland as the Ottoman Empire
crumbled. The struggle formed the basis for the Turkish War Of
Independence and the declaration of the Republic of Turkey eight
years later, with Mustafa Kemal (Kemal Ataturk) as President, who
rose to prominence as a commander at Gallipoli. The campaign is
often considered to be the beginning of Australian and New Zealand
national consciousness; April 25, the anniversary of the landings,
is known as "Anzac Day", the most significant
commemoration of military casualties and veterans in the two
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Today, April 25, 2026
April 25: National East Meets West Day
(Elbe Day): -- April 25, 1945: The European Civil War: World War
II: The Second European War (The European Theater Of World War
II): -- United States and Soviet troops meet in Torgau, Germany
along the River Elbe, marking an important step toward the end of
World War II in Europe. This contact between the Soviets,
advancing from the East, and the Americans, advancing from the
West, meant that the two powers had effectively cut Germany in
two. Elbe Day has never been an official holiday in any country,
but in the years after 1945 the memory of this friendly encounter
gained new significance in the context of the Cold War between the
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Today, April 25, 2026
April 25: Liberation Day (Italian: Festa
Della Liberazione (The Anniversary Of Italy's Liberation [Italian:
Anniversario Della liberazione D'Italia], Anniversary Of The
Resistance [Italian: Anniversario Della Resistenza], 25 April):
(Italy): -- April 25, 1945: World War II: The European Civil War:
World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater Of
World War II): The Mediterranean And Middle East Theater Of World
War II: The Italian Campaign Of World War II (The Liberation Of
Italy): The Italian Civil War (Italian: Guerra Civile Italiana):
-- The end of the Italian Civil War and the end of Nazi occupation
of Italy occurs as the Nazi occupation army surrenders and leaves
Northern Italy after a general partisan insurrection by Italian
resistance movement The National Liberation Committee For Northern
Italy (The Committee Of National Liberation For Northern Italy)
against the German occupation and the puppet fascist The Italian
Social Republic (RSI); the regime dissolves, Benito Mussolini
tries to escape but is captured and summarily executed. The
Italian Civil War, part of the Italian Campaign of World War II,
is the period between September 8, 1943, the date of the Armistice
Of Cassibile which was signed on 3 September 1943 by Walter Bedell
Smith and Giuseppe Castellano that stipulated the surrender of
Italy to the Allies, and May 2, 1945, the date of the surrender of
all German forces in Italy, in which the Italian Resistance and
the Italian Co-Belligerent Army joined the allies fighting Axis
forces, including the fight against the continuing the Italian
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Today, April 25, 2026
April 25: Sinai Liberation Day: -- April
25, 1982: The Cold War (1956, 1967-1991): The Arab-Israeli
Conflict: The Aftermath Of The Yom Kippur War: The Arab-Israeli
Peace Process: The Egyptian-Israeli Peace Process: The Camp David
Accords: The Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty: -- Israel completed its
withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula per the Camp David Accords.
Sinai Liberation Day serves to mark this date that Egypt recovered
the land of Sinai, an important event in the country. The holiday
is a special day that encourages the public to celebrate the
beauty of Sinai. Tourist cities like Dahab and Sharm El Sheikh
receive a lot of visitors during the holiday. It is popular with
many people around the world who sometimes travel to Egypt for
celebrations. The tourist cities are located along the Egyptian
Red Sea Riviera. Egyptians use this day to commemorate the
historical moment when all Israeli military forces withdrew from
the Sinai Peninsula in the year 1982. Since the First Dynasty of
ancient Egypt, the Sinai Peninsula has been a part of Egypt with
Egypt preventing Israeli ships from using the Suez Canal in 1956.
This forced them to take a much longer and slower route to get to
Europe. With raised tensions in the region, Israeli forces
occupied the Sinai Peninsula with support from Britain and France.
However, pressure from the US and USSR forced Israel to withdraw
its troops in 1957. The UN also kept up its presence in the region
to prevent future conflicts in the area. This led to the Egyptians
forcing the UN presence to leave in May 1967 resulting in a
six-day war. After this war, Israel still came back to occupy the
entire Sinai Peninsula and some other territories in the region as
well. The Yom Kippur War of October 1973 culminated in a long
period of conflict between Egypt and Israel. Egypt and Israel both
experienced a turning point after the conflict, leading to the
processes that encouraged finding peace between the two nations.
In 1978, The Camp David Accords led Egypt and Israel to sign a
peace treaty. This was when Israel agreed to withdraw from the
entirety of the Sinai Peninsula. The last troops left Sinai on
April 25, 1982, after various stages of withdrawal. This is why
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Today, April 25, 2026
April 25: World Malaria Day: -- Mosquitos
may seem like an annoying summertime pest to people in many
countries, but in others, a bite can be deadly. World Malaria Day,
organized by the World Health Organization (WHO), is intended to
raise awareness of and the need combat this disease mosquitos
carry. While malaria is not contagious, anyone can get it. Malaria
is a serious disease that is spread by the bite of an infected
mosquito. It can leave a person feeling feverish and have the
chills and, if not promptly treated, the symptoms can be fatal. In
fact, more than 200 million people contract malaria each year, and
about 1/2 million people each year needlessly die from it. Even in
these modern times, half the world still lives at risk of this
fully preventable and treatable disease. While great strides
against malaria have been made in the last couple of decades,
there has been a bit of a plateau lately. The world still has very
far to go toward wiping out this deadly illness. World Malaria Day
was created by concerned citizens as a part of the strategy to do
just that! World Malaria Day was started with the intention of
reflecting on the progress that the Global Community has made in
working to control and eradicate the spread of this challenging
disease. The day also allows for the Global Community which made
remarkable progress in fighting Malaria to re-group and help to
fight and control other infectious diseases that are prevalent in
society today. World Malaria Day is a gathering of people who
partake in activities and commit to carry on investing for the
future in order to defeat Malaria. This day is an international
observance that was established in 2007 when it was agreed upon by
the World Health Assembly, which is part of the World Health
Organization (WHO). Several different groups have worked together
to promote this day, including corporations from the private
sector, multinational organizations like "Malaria No More"
or "Spread the Net" and grassroots organizations, such
as the "Mosquitoes Suck Tour". One important aspect of
World Malaria Day is the effort to engage the political and
governmental leaders, communities, and private sectors of African
countries (where malaria cases are most prevalent). Then,
encouraging them to take actions that will help the people of
these countries to thrive. The theme of this movement is 'Zero
Malaria Starts with Me'. During 2020, when World Malaria Day had
to go online, the importance of the day was still acknowledged
through a "virtual applause" that united people all over
the globe through social media. The applause was to thank health
professionals who work on the front lines against malaria, Co-Vid
and so many other diseases. The rate of malaria cases and deaths
is still far too high, so it is still vitally important to share
the facts in order for the illness to continue on the road toward
being eradicated. With the goal of ending malaria within the next
generation, World Malaria Day continues to grow. World Malaria Day
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Today, April 25, 2026
April 25: National Hug A Plumber Day: --
Many plumbers have saved the day (and, more often, night). They
can prevent catastrophe by fixing a toilet or unclogging a drain.
What would our lives be without these heroes of indoor plumbing?
Don't laugh. It takes great expertise to really know what goes on
in those mazes of pipes and how to keep them all running like
clockwork. Let's make this an opportunity to show them how much we
value their work! This is a group of unsung heroes who have
brought to everyone in the world the convenience and comfort of
life as we know it over the past years. Every day they work to
ensure that people have water flowing to their homes, that the
toilet washes away the unmentionable results of being human, and
that those clothes can all be washed and take away the dirt that
had soiled them. And, of course, these fabulous people are known
as plumbers. The history of plumbers goes as far back as the birth
of indoor plumbing and sewers, as well as being responsible for
the spread of civilization away from naturally occurring bodies of
fresh water. Initially, people who performed plumbing activities
would have worked to ensure that all of the wastewater from a
community was piped into the river or another body of water the
community was built on. But, as time and infrastructure improved,
plumbing experts would have been hired to build massive pipelines
that brought fresh water inland and moved sewage away to treatment
plants where it could be passed into natural waterways. Of course,
the most visible, and arguably one of the most important, variety
of plumbers are those who provide service for all of the homes in
a community. When a family has a leak in their home, it's time to
call the plumber. Is the toilet clogged and the plunger just isn't
doing the job? Better call a plumber! Building a new home and need
to make sure it's all piped correctly? Plumbers are there to make
sure that the new home will remain comfortable for years to come.
It's also important to remember that calling a plumber can
actually be helpful for saving water, which makes the environment
more sustainable and also saves on regular water bills. Plumbers
can help to stop dripping faucets, which can waste gallons and
gallons of water. They can help homeowners and business owners to
upgrade to more eco-friendly toilets, shower heads, and drainage
pipes. National Hug A Plumber Day reminds people that they have
many of their modern comforts because of their tireless efforts,
and giving them a hug is the least that can be done to thank them!
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Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 404 BC: Greece: Ancient Greece:
Ancient Greek Wars: Sieges Of Athens: The Peloponnesian War
(Ancient Greek: Polemos Ton Peloponnesion) (431-404 BC): The Siege
Of Athens (404 BC): -- Admiral Lysander and King Pausanias of
Sparta blockade Athens and bring the Peloponnesian War to a
successful conclusion. The Peloponnesian War (431-404 BC) was an
ancient Greek war fought by the Delian League led by Athens
against the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. Historians have
traditionally divided the war into three phases. In the first
phase, the Archidamian War, Sparta launched repeated invasions of
Attica, while Athens took advantage of its naval supremacy to raid
the coast of the Peloponnese and attempt to suppress signs of
unrest in its empire. This period of the war was concluded in 421
BC, with the signing of the Peace of Nicias. That treaty, however,
was soon undermined by renewed fighting in the Peloponnese. In 415
BC, Athens dispatched a massive expeditionary force to attack
Syracuse in Sicily; the attack failed disastrously, with the
destruction of the entire force, in 413 BC. This ushered in the
final phase of the war, generally referred to either as the
Decelean War, or the Ionian War. In this phase, Sparta, now
receiving support from Persia, supported rebellions in Athens'
subject states in the Aegean Sea and Ionia, undermining Athens'
empire, and, eventually, depriving the city of naval supremacy.
The destruction of Athens' fleet at Aegospotami effectively ended
the war, and Athens surrendered in the following year. Corinth and
Thebes demanded that Athens should be destroyed and all its
citizens should be enslaved, but Sparta refused. The term
"Peloponnesian War " was never used by Thucydides, by
far its major historian: that the term is all but universally used
today is a reflection of the Athens-centric sympathies of modern
historians. As prominent historian J. B. Bury remarks, the
Peloponnesians would have considered it the "Attic War".
The Peloponnesian War reshaped the ancient Greek world. On the
level of international relations, Athens, the strongest city-state
in Greece prior to the war's beginning, was reduced to a state of
near-complete subjection, while Sparta became established as the
leading power of Greece. The economic costs of the war were felt
all across Greece; poverty became widespread in the Peloponnese,
while Athens found itself completely devastated, and never
regained its pre-war prosperity. The war also wrought subtler
changes to Greek society; the conflict between democratic Athens
and oligarchic Sparta, each of which supported friendly political
factions within other states, made civil war a common occurrence
in the Greek world. Greek warfare, meanwhile, originally a limited
and formalized form of conflict, was transformed into an all-out
struggle between city-states, complete with atrocities on a large
scale. Shattering religious and cultural taboos, devastating vast
swathes of countryside, and destroying whole cities, the
Peloponnesian War marked the dramatic end to the fifth century BC
and the golden age of Greece. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Know Your
Enemy: Japan WWII Frank Capra + The Samurai MP4 Download DVD
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1185: The History Of Japan: The
Heian Period (794-1185): The Minamoto-Taira Clan Disputes: The
Genpei War (Japanese: Genpei Kassen, Genpei-Gassen [The Jisho-Juei
War (Japanese: Jisho-Juei no Ran)]) (1180-1185): The Battle Of
Dan-No-Ura (Japanese: Dan-No-Ura No Tatakai): -- The Genpei War, a
national civil war between the Taira and Minamoto clans, ends with
a major sea battle at Dan-No-Ura (modern Shimonoseki) in the
Shimonoseki Strait off the southern tip of the main Japanese
island of Honshu. On that date (or on March 24, 1185 by the
official web page of Shimonoseki City), the fleet of the Minamoto
Clan (Genji), led by Minamoto No Yoshitsune, defeated the fleet of
the Taira clan (Heike). The morning rip tide was an advantage for
the Taira, but turned to their disadvantage in the afternoon. The
young Emperor Antoku was one of those who died among the Taira
nobles. The battle resulted in the downfall of the Taira and the
establishment of Japan's first shogunate, the Kamakura shogunate,
under Minamoto No Yoritomo, who appointed himself as Shogun in
1192, governing Japan as a military dictator from the eastern city
of Kamakura; the battle also established the supremacy of the
samurai caste in Japanese sosciety for the next seven hundred
years The name "Genpei" (sometimes romanized as Gempei)
comes from alternate readings of the kanji "Minamoto"
(Gen) and "Taira" (Hei, pronounced as the second element
in some compounds as :ei). The conflict is also known in Japanese
as The Jisho-Juei War (Japanese: Jisho-Juei no Ran), after the two
Imperial eras between which it took place. The term Genpei Kassen
is sometimes used in Japan, but it has been argued that it is not
appropriate to use the term "Genpei" for this war. The
Genpei War followed a coup d'etat by the Taira in 1179 with the
removal of rivals from all government posts, and subsequently
banishing them, and a call to arms against the Taira, led by the
Minamoto in 1180. The ensuing Battle of Uji took place just
outside Kyoto, starting a five-year-long war, concluding with a
decisive Minamoto victory in the naval Battle of Dan-no-ura.
However, it has been pointed out that the Battle of Oshu in 1189
was the last battle during this period of civil war, as it
completed Yoritomo's nationwide domination through the annexation
of Northeast Japan. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Monarchy
In The UK: British Royal History MP4 Video Download DVD Set
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1599: #BOTD: Oliver Cromwell,
English general and politician, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth
of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 1653 until his death,
serving simultaneously as head of state and head of government of
this new republic (d. September 3, 1658) is #born into the middle
gentry, albeit to a family descended from the sister of King Henry
VIII's minister Thomas Cromwell, in Huntingdon, Huntingdonshire,
England. Little is known of the first 40 years of his life as only
four of his personal letters survive alongside a summary of a
speech he delivered in 1628. He became an Independent Puritan
after undergoing a religious conversion in the 1630s, taking a
generally tolerant view towards the many Protestant sects of his
period. He was an intensely religious man, a self-styled Puritan
Moses, and he fervently believed that God was guiding his
victories. He was elected Member of Parliament for Huntingdon in
1628 and for Cambridge in the Short (1640) and Long (1640-1649)
parliaments. He entered the English Civil War on the side of the
"Roundheads" or Parliamentarians. Nicknamed "Old
Ironsides", he demonstrated his ability as a commander and
was quickly promoted from leading a single cavalry troop to being
one of the principal commanders of the New Model Army, playing an
important role under General Sir Thomas Fairfax in the defeat of
the royalist forces. Cromwell was one of the signatories of King
Charles I's death warrant in 1649, and he dominated the
short-lived Commonwealth of England as a member of the Rump
Parliament (1649-1653). He was selected to take command of the
English campaign in Ireland in 1649-1650. Cromwell's forces
defeated the Confederate and Royalist coalition in Ireland and
occupied the country, bringing to an end the Irish Confederate
Wars. During this period, a series of Penal Laws were passed
against Roman Catholics (a significant minority in England and
Scotland but the vast majority in Ireland), and a substantial
amount of their land was confiscated. Cromwell also led a campaign
against the Scottish army between 1650 and 1651. On 20 April 1653,
he dismissed the Rump Parliament by force, setting up a
short-lived nominated assembly known as Barebone's Parliament,
before being invited by his fellow leaders to rule as Lord
Protector of England (which included Wales at the time), Scotland
and Ireland from 16 December 1653. As a ruler, he executed an
aggressive and effective foreign policy. He died from natural
causes in 1658 and was buried in Westminster Abbey. His legacy
passed to his son Richard, who was overthrown by the army in 1659,
after which monarchy was re-established and King Charles II, who
was living in exile, was recalled. Charles' new parliament ordered
the disinterment of Cromwell's body from Westminster Abbey and the
disinterment of other regicides John Bradshaw and Henry Ireton,
for a posthumous execution at Tyburn. After hanging "from
morning till four in the afternoon", the bodies were cut down
and the heads placed on a 20-foot spike above Westminster Hall
(the location of the trial of Charles I). In 1685, a storm broke
the pole upon which Cromwell's head stood, throwing it to the
ground (although other sources put the date anywhere between 1672
and 1703), after which it was in the hands of private collectors
and museum owners until 25 March 1960, when it was buried at
Sidney Sussex College in Cambridge. The symbolic value of the head
changed over time. While it was spiked on a pole above the London
skyline, it gave a potent warning to spectators. In the 18th
century, the head became a curiosity and a relic. The head has
been admired, reviled, and dismissed as a fake throughout the
centuries. After Thomas Carlyle dismissed the head as "fraudulent
moonshine", and after the emergence of a rival claimant to
the true head of Oliver Cromwell, scientific and archaeological
analysis was carried out to prove the identity. Inconclusive tests
culminated in a detailed scientific study by Karl Pearson and
Geoffrey Morant, which concluded, based on a study of the head and
other evidence, that there was a moral certainty that the head
belonged to Oliver Cromwell. Cromwell is one of the most
controversial figures in the history of the British Isles,
considered a regicidal dictator by historians such as David Sharp,
a military dictator by Winston Churchill, but a hero of liberty by
John Milton, Thomas Carlyle, and Samuel Rawson Gardiner, and a
class revolutionary by Leon Trotsky. In a 2002 BBC poll in
Britain, Cromwell, sponsored by military historian Richard Holmes,
was selected as one of the ten greatest Britons of all time.
However, his tolerance of Protestant sects did not extend to
Catholics: his measures against them in Ireland have been
characterised as genocidal or near-genocidal, and in Ireland his
record is harshly criticised. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Old
Time Radio World War II MP3 MegaSet DVD, Audio Download, USB
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1792: The Age Of Enlightenment
(The Enlightenment, The Age Of Reason): The Age Of Revolution: The
Atlantic Revolutions: The French Revolution: -- "La
Marseillaise" (French: "The Marseillaise"), the
French national anthem, is composed by Claude Joseph Rouget de
Lisle in Strasbourg after the declaration of war by France against
Austria, and was originally titled "Chant De Guerre Pour
L'Armee Du Rhin" ("War Song for the Army of the Rhine").
The French National Convention adopted it as the Republic's anthem
in 1795. The song acquired its nickname after being sung in Paris
by volunteers from Marseille marching to the capital. The song is
the first example of the "European March" anthemic
style. The anthem's evocative melody and lyrics have led to its
widespread use as a song of revolution and its incorporation into
many pieces of classical and popular music. Just before Paris
surrendered to invading Nazi forces in World War II, the last
international shortwave radio broadcast by the French Republic was
"La Marseillaise', monitored and recorded by NBC news in New
York City. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
American Adventure: TV History Series 1607-1876 DVD MP4 USB Drive
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1846: The Mexican-American War
(The Mexican War): The Thornton Affair (The Thornton Skirmish,
Thornton's Defeat, Rancho Carricitos): -- Open conflict begins
over the disputed border of Texas between the military forces of
the United States and Mexico 20 miles (32 km) west upriver from
Zachary Taylor's camp along the Rio Grande, triggering the
Mexican-American War. The much larger Mexican force defeated the
Americans in the opening of hostilities, and was the primary
justification for U.S. President James K. Polk's call to Congress
to declare war. Although the United States had annexed Texas, both
the US and Mexico claimed the area between the Nueces River and
the Rio Grande. Polk had ordered Taylor's "Army of
Occupation" to the Rio Grande early in 1846 after Mexican
President Mariano Paredes declared in his inaugural address that
he would uphold the integrity of Mexican territory to the Sabine
River. Mariano Arista assumed command of the Division of the North
on April 4 and arrived at Matamoros on April 24, making the total
force there about 5,000 men; he sent word to Taylor of his
presence. Arista promptly ordered his subordinate, General
Anastasio Torrejon, to cross the Rio Grande fourteen miles
upstream at La Palangana. Taylor received two reports on April 24
of Mexicans crossing the Rio Grande, the first crossing below his
camp, the other at a crossing upriver. Taylor sent two detachments
to investigate; Captain Croghan Ker to investigate downriver and
Captain Seth B. Thornton, accompanied by two dragoon companies, to
investigate upriver. Ker found nothing but Thornton rode into an
ambush and his 80-man force was quickly overwhelmed by Torrejon's
1,600, resulting in the capture of those not immediately killed.
Thornton's guide brought news of the hostilities to Taylor and was
followed by a cart from Torrejon containing six wounded Americans;
the general stated that he had freed them as an act of mercy. In
the fierce encounter, fourteen of Thornton's men were killed
outright, six were wounded, and one was fatally wounded, while the
rest were taken prisoner (including Captain Thornton and his
second in command, Captain William J. Hardee). Mexican casualties
are unknown. Torrejon continued on to the Matamoros-Point Isabel
road, surprising Samuel H. Walker's Texas Rangers on April 28,
before continuing on to Longoreno to cover the crossing of the
main Mexican army. Following the Battle of Palo Alto and the
Battle of Resaca de la Palma, Arista and Taylor agreed to a
prisoner exchange which resulted in the release of Thornton,
Hardee and their men. Thornton was later killed on August 20, 1847
in an engagement at Churubusco outside Mexico City.
Coincidentally, this soldier who was wounded at the war's opening
act was killed in its final conflict. Upon learning of the
incident, President James K. Polk asked for a Declaration of war
before a joint session of the United States Congress, and summed
up his justification for war by famously stating: "The cup of
forbearance had been exhausted even before the recent information
from the frontier of the Del Norte [Rio Grande]. But now, after
reiterated menaces, Mexico has passed the boundary of the United
States, has invaded our territory and shed American blood upon the
American soil. She has proclaimed that hostilities have commenced,
and that the two nations are now at war.". On May 13, 1846,
the U.S. Congress declared war on Mexico, despite the Mexican
government's position that Thornton had crossed the border into
Mexican Texas, which Mexico maintained began south of the Nueces
River (the historical border of the province of Texas). Opposition
also existed in the United States, with one senator declaring that
the affair had been "as much an act of aggression on our part
as is a man's pointing a pistol at another's breast".
Congressman Abraham Lincoln demanded to know the "particular
spot of soil on which the blood of our citizens was so shed"
(the spot resolutions). The ensuing Mexican-American War was waged
from 1846 to 1848 which cost the lives of many thousands and the
loss of all northern provinces from Mexico. The Treaty Of
Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the war on February 2, 1848, and
established the Rio Grande as the border between the U.S. and
Mexico, and led to Mexico recognizing Texas as a part of the
United States. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Old
Time Radio Western MegaSet MP3 Collection DVD, Download, USB
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1847: The United States: The
History Of The United States: United States Expansionism: American
Imperialism: Manifest Destiny: Cannibalsim: The Donner Party (The
Donner-Reed Party): The Rescue Of The Donner Party: The Third
Relief: -- The last survivors of the Donner Party are brought out
of the wilderness. The Donner Party, sometimes called the
Donner-Reed Party, was a group of American pioneers who migrated
to California in a wagon train from the Midwest. Delayed by a
multitude of mishaps, they spent the winter of 1846-1847 snowbound
in the Sierra Nevada. Some of the migrants resorted to cannibalism
to survive, mainly eating the bodies of those who had succumbed to
starvation, sickness, or extreme cold, but in one case murdering
and eating two Miwok guides. The Donner Party originated from
Springfield, Illinois, and departed Independence, Missouri, on the
Oregon Trail in the spring of 1846. The journey west usually took
between four and six months, but the Donner Party was slowed after
electing to follow a new route called the Hastings Cutoff, which
bypassed established trails and instead crossed the Rocky
Mountains' Wasatch Range and the Great Salt Lake Desert in
present-day Utah. The desolate and rugged terrain, and the
difficulties they later encountered while traveling along the
Humboldt River in present-day Nevada, resulted in the loss of many
cattle and wagons, and divisions soon formed within the group. By
early November, the migrants had reached the Sierra Nevada but
became trapped by an early, heavy snowfall near Truckee Lake (now
Donner Lake) high in the mountains. Their food supplies ran
dangerously low, and in mid-December some of the group set out on
foot to obtain help. Rescuers from California attempted to reach
the migrants, but the first relief party did not arrive until the
middle of February 1847, almost four months after the wagon train
became trapped. Of the 87 members of the party, 48 survived.
Historians have described the episode as one of the most
fascinating tragedies in California history and in the record of
American westward migration. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Divided Union: American Civil War TV Series DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1862: The American Civil War
(The Civil War, The War Between The States): The Lower Seaboard
Theater Of The American Civil War: Battles Of The Lower Seaboard
Theater Of The American Civil War: New Orleans In The American
Civil War: The Capture Of New Orleans: -- Forces under Union
Admiral David Farragut demand the surrender of the Confederate
city of New Orleans, Louisiana. The prompt surrender of the city
saved it from serious damage, so it remains notably well-preserved
today. New Orleans, Louisiana was the largest city in the South,
providing military supplies and thousands of troops for the
Confederate States Army. Its location near the mouth of the
Mississippi made it a prime target for the Union, both for
controlling the huge waterway and crippling the Confederacy's
vital cotton exports. In April 1862, the West Gulf Blockading
Squadron under Captain David Farragut shelled the two substantial
forts guarding each of the river-banks, and forced a gap in the
defensive boom placed between them. After running the last of the
Confederate batteries, they took the surrender of the forts, and
soon afterwards the city itself, without further action. The new
military governor, Major General Benjamin Butler, proved effective
in enforcing civic order, though his methods aroused protest
everywhere. One citizen was hanged for tearing down the US flag,
and any woman insulting a Federal soldier would be treated as a
prostitute. Looting by troops was also rife, though apparently not
with Butler's approval. He was eventually replaced by Maj. Gen.
Nathaniel P. Banks, who somewhat improved relations between troops
and citizens, but military occupation had to continue well after
the war. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title:
Spanish-American War & Cuban War Of Independence DVD,
Download, USB
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1898: The Decolonization Of The
Americas: The Cuban War Of Independence (The Necessary War): The
Spanish-American War: The United States Declaration Of War On
Spain: -- The United States declares war on Spain. On April 20,
1898, President William McKinley signed a joint Congressional
resolution demanding Spanish withdrawal and authorizing the
President to use military force to help Cuba gain independence.
The following day, The United States Navy begins a blockade of
Cuban ports. When the U.S. Congress issues a declaration of war on
April 25, it declared that a state of war had existed from the
date of the blockade, though the de facto Spanish-American War
begins on April 20. The Spanish-American War was fought between
the United States and Spain in 1898. Hostilities began in the
aftermath of the internal explosion of the USS Maine in Havana
Harbor in Cuba, leading to U.S. intervention in the Cuban War of
Independence. American acquisition of Spain's Pacific possessions
led to its involvement in the Philippine Revolution and ultimately
in the Philippine-American War. The main issue was Cuban
independence. Revolts had been occurring for some years in Cuba
against Spanish rule. The U.S. later backed these revolts upon
entering the Spanish-American War. There had been war scares
before, as in the Virginius Affair in 1873, but in the late 1890s,
U.S. public opinion was agitated by anti-Spanish propaganda led by
newspaper publishers such as Joseph Pulitzer and William Randolph
Hearst which used yellow journalism to call for war. The business
community across the United States had just recovered from a deep
depression and feared that a war would reverse the gains. It
lobbied vigorously against going to war. The United States Navy
armoured cruiser Maine had mysteriously sunk in Havana Harbor;
political pressures from the Democratic Party pushed the
administration of Republican President William McKinley into a war
that he had wished to avoid. President McKinley signed a joint
Congressional resolution demanding Spanish withdrawal and
authorizing the President to use military force to help Cuba gain
independence on April 20, 1898. In response, Spain severed
diplomatic relations with the United States on April 21. On the
same day, the U.S. Navy began a blockade of Cuba. On April 23,
Spain stated that it would declare war if the U.S. forces invaded
its territory. On April 25, Congress declared that a state of war
between the U.S. and Spain had de facto existed since April 21,
the day the blockade of Cuba had begun. The United States sent an
ultimatum to Spain demanding that it surrender control of Cuba,
but due to Spain not replying soon enough, the United States
assumed Spain had ignored the ultimatum and continued to occupy
Cuba. The ten-week war was fought in both the Caribbean and the
Pacific. As the American agitators for war well knew, U.S. naval
power proved decisive, allowing expeditionary forces to disembark
in Cuba against a Spanish garrison already facing nationwide Cuban
insurgent attacks and further wasted by yellow fever. American,
Cuban, and Philippine forces obtained the surrender of Santiago de
Cuba and Manila despite the good performance of some Spanish
infantry units and fierce fighting for positions such as San Juan
Hill. Madrid sued for peace after two obsolete Spanish squadrons
sunk in Santiago de Cuba and Manila Bay and a third, more modern
fleet was recalled home to protect the Spanish coasts. The result
was the 1898 Treaty Of Paris, negotiated on terms favorable to the
U.S. which allowed it temporary control of Cuba and ceded
ownership of Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippine islands. The
cession of the Philippines involved payment of 20M USD
(588,320,000 USD as of 2017) to Spain by the U.S. to cover
infrastructure owned by Spain. The defeat and loss of the last
remnants of the Spanish Empire was a profound shock to Spain's
national psyche and provoked a thorough philosophical and artistic
revaluation of Spanish society known as the Generation of '98. The
United States gained several island possessions spanning the globe
and a rancorous new debate over the wisdom of expansionism. It was
one of only five US wars (against a total of eleven sovereign
states) to have been formally declared by the U.S. Congress. On
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Edward R.
Murrow: This Reporter TV Series DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1908: #BOTD: #HBD! Edward R.
Murrow KBE, American broadcast journalist and war correspondent
(d. April 27, 1965) is #born Egbert Roscoe Murrow at Polecat
Creek, near Greensboro, in Guilford County, North Carolina. He
first gained prominence in the years before and during World War
II with a series of live radio broadcasts from Europe for the news
division of the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS). He recruited
and worked closely with a team of war correspondents who came to
be known as the Murrow Boys, which included William L. Shirer,
Eric Sevareid, Charles Collingwood, Howard K. Smith, Richard C.
Hottelet and others. A pioneer of radio and television news
broadcasting, Murrow produced a series of reports on his
television program See It Now which helped lead to the censure of
Senator Joseph McCarthy. He is considered one of journalism's
greatest figures generally and broadcast journalism particularly,
noted for his honesty and integrity in delivering the news. Edward
R. Murrow died at his home in Pawling, New York, two days after
his 57th birthday, of lung cancer caused by years of smoking some
three packs of cigarettes a day. He is buried at Worthington
Center Cemetery in Worthington, Massachusetts. His colleague and
friend Eric Sevareid said of him, "He was a shooting star;
and we will live in his afterglow a very long time." CBS
carried a memorial program, which included a rare on-camera
appearance by William S. Paley, founder of CBS. On Sale @ 15% Off
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: I Want My
Music TV! 1980s Music Videos DVD, MP4 Download, USB Drive
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1923: #BOTD: #HBD! Albert King,
African American blues singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
(d. December 21, 1992) is #born Albert Nelson in Indianola,
Mississippi. Known by his stage name Albert King, he was an
American blues guitarist and singer whose playing influenced many
other blues guitarists. He is perhaps best known for the popular
and influential album Born Under a Bad Sign (1967) and its title
track. He is one of the three performers (together with B.B. King
and Freddie King) known as the "Kings of the Blues."
King was known for his "deep, dramatic sound that was widely
imitated by both blues and rock guitarists." He was also
known as "The Velvet Bulldozer" because of his smooth
singing and large size - he stood taller than average, with
sources reporting 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) or 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m), and
weighed 250 lb (110 kg) - and also because he drove a bulldozer in
one of his day jobs early in his career. King was inducted into
the Blues Hall of Fame in 1983. He was posthumously inducted into
the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2013. In 2011, he was ranked #13
on Rolling Stone's 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time. Eric
Clapton has said that his work on the 1967 Cream album "Disraeli
Gears" was inspired by Albert King, particularly the song
"Strange Brew", in which Clapton copied note-for-note
King's lead guitar solo on the song "Crosscut Saw".
Albert King died of a heart attack in his Memphis, Tennesee home,
aged 69. His final concert had been in Los Angeles two days
earlier. He was given a funeral procession with the Memphis Horns
playing "When The Saints Go Marching In" and was buried
in Paradise Gardens Cemetery in Edmondson, Arkansas, near his
childhood home. King was survived by his wife, Glendle; two
daughters, Evelyn Smith and Gloria Randolph; a son, Donald
Randolph; a sister, Elvie Wells; eight grandchildren, and ten
great-grandchildren. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Fabulous Sixties with Peter Jennings TV Docuseries MP4 Or DVD Set
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1932: #BOTD: #HBD! Meadowlark
Lemon, African American basketball player, and Christian minister
(d. December 27, 2015) is #born Meadow Lemon III in Wilmington,
North Carolina. Known professionally as Meadowlark Lemon, he was
ordained a minister in 1986, and from 1994, he served Meadowlark
Lemon Ministries in Scottsdale, Arizona. For 22 years, he was
known as the "Clown Prince" of the touring Harlem
Globetrotters basketball team. He played in more than 16,000 games
for the Globetrotters and was a 2003 inductee into the Naismith
Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. When basketball legend Wilt
Chamberlain was asked his opinion on the best player of all time,
he responded, "For me it would be Meadowlark Lemon."
Fellow Wilmington great Michael Jordan called Lemon a "true
national treasure" and a personal inspiration in Jordan's
youth. Meadowlark Lemon died in Scottsdale at the age of 83 of
undisclosed causes. His remains were cremated, and his remains
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Clive
James' Fame In The 20th Century TV Series DVD Set MP4 USB Drive
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1940: #BOTD: #HBD! Al Pacino,
Italian American actor and director, is #born Alfredo James Pacino
in the East Harlem neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, on
April 25, 1940, the only child of Italian-American parents Rose
(nee Gerardi) and Salvatore Pacino; after his parents divorced
when he was two years old, he and his mother moved in with his
mother's parents Kate and James Gerardi, Italian emigrants from
Corleone, Sicily -- the same town that Vito Corleone came from,
the father of Al Pacino's fictional Godfather character Michael
Corleone came from. Al Pacino is considered one of the greatest
and most influential actors of the 20th century. Pacino has
received numerous accolades: including an Academy Award, two Tony
Awards, and two Primetime Emmy Awards, making him one of the few
performers to have achieved the Triple Crown of Acting. He has
also been honored with the Cecil B. DeMille Award in 2001, the AFI
Life Achievement Award in 2007, the National Medal of Arts in
2011, and the Kennedy Center Honors in 2016. A method actor,
Pacino studied at HB Studio and the Actors Studio, where he was
taught by Charlie Laughton and Lee Strasberg. Pacino went on to
receive the Academy Award for Best Actor for his role in Scent of
a Woman (1992). His other Oscar-nominated roles include The
Godfather (1972), Serpico (1973), The Godfather Part II (1974),
Dog Day Afternoon (1975), and ...And Justice for All (1979), Dick
Tracy (1990), Glengarry Glen Ross (1992), and The Irishman (2019).
Other notable films include The Panic in Needle Park (1971),
Author! Author! (1982), Scarface (1983), The Godfather Part III
(1990), Carlito's Way (1993), Heat (1995), Donnie Brasco (1997),
The Devil's Advocate (1997), The Insider (1999), Insomnia (2002),
Jack and Jill (2011), Once Upon a Time in Hollywood (2019) and
House of Gucci (2021). On television, Pacino has acted in several
productions for HBO, including Angels in America (2003) and the
Jack Kevorkian biopic You Don't Know Jack (2010), winning a
Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or
a Movie for each. Pacino starred in the Amazon Video series
Hunters (2020-2023). He has also had an extensive career on stage.
He is a two-time Tony Award winner, winning Best Featured Actor in
a Play in Does a Tiger Wear a Necktie? (1969) and Best Actor in a
Play for The Basic Training of Pavlo Hummel (1977). Pacino made
his directing debut with the documentary Looking for Richard
(1996); Pacino had played the lead role on stage in 1977. He has
also acted as Shylock in a 2004 feature film adaptation and 2010
stage production of The Merchant of Venice. Pacino directed and
starred in Chinese Coffee (2000), Wilde Salome (2011), and Salome
(2013). Since 1994, he has been the joint president of the Actors
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Black
Civil Rights Films: African-American History DVD, MP4, USB Stick
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1944: The American Civil Rights
Movement: Civil Rights Organizations: African American Civil
Rights Organizations: Foundings: The United Negro College Fund
(UNCF, The United Fund): -- The United Negro College Fund, whose
famous motto is "A mind is a terrible thing to waste",
is founded by Tuskegee Institute President Frederick D. Patterson
and National Council of Negro Women Mary McLeod Bethune, joined by
economist and civil rights activist William J. Trent and others.
UNCF is an American philanthropic organization that funds
scholarships for black students and general scholarship funds for
37 private historically black colleges and universities. Though
founded to address funding inequities in education resources for
African Americans, UNCF-administered scholarships are open to all
ethnicities; the great majority of recipients are still African
American. Graduates of UNCF member institutions and scholarships
have included many Black people in the fields of business,
politics, health care and the arts. Some prominent UNCF alumni
include Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., former U.S. Secretary Of Labor
Alexis Herman, movie director Spike Lee, actor Samuel L. Jackson,
the U.S. Air Force's first black four-star general Chappie James,
and former U.S. Surgeon General and director of the Centers for
Disease Control Dr. David Satcher. UNCF is headquartered at 1805
7th Street, NW in Washington, D.C. In 2005, UNCF supported
approximately 65,000 students at over 900 colleges and
universities with approximately $113 million in grants and
scholarships. About 60% of these students are the first in their
families to attend college, and 62% have annual family incomes of
less than 25K SUD. UNCF also administers over 450 named
scholarships. As of 2022, UNCF's president and chief executive
officer is Michael Lomax, educator and administrator who has been
in these offices since 2004; past presidents of the UNCF included
former House Committee On The Budget Chairman and former House
Democratic Majority Whip William H. Gray; and business executive,
civil rights activist who close friend and advisor to President
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Offshore
Pirate Radio 1960s-1980s MP3s DVD, Audio Download, USB Drive
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1945: #BOTD: #HBD! Bjorn
Ulvaeus, Swedish musician, singer, songwriter, and producer best
known as a member of the musical group ABBA, is #born Bjorn
Kristian Ulvaeus in Gothenburg, Sweden. Bjorn Kristian Ulvaeus
KVO1kl (The Royal Order Of Vasa) is also the co-composer of the
musicals Chess, Kristina Fran Duvemala, and Mamma Mia! He
co-produced the films Mamma Mia! and Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again
with fellow ABBA member and close friend Benny Andersson. He is
the oldest member of the group. Before gaining international
recognition with ABBA, Ulvaeus was a member of the Swedish
folk-schlager band Hootenanny Singers, known earlier as the "West
Bay Singers", who had an enormous following in Scandinavia.
While on the road in southern Sweden in 1966, they encountered the
Hep Stars, and Ulvaeus quickly became friends with the group's
keyboard player, Benny Andersson. The two musicians shared a
passion for songwriting, and each found a composing partner in the
other. On meeting again that summer, they composed their first
song together: "Isn't It Easy To Say", a song soon to be
recorded by Andersson's group. The two continued teaming up for
music, helping out each other's bands in the recording studio, and
adding guitar or keyboards respectively to the recordings. In
1968, they composed two songs together: "A Flower in My
Garden", recorded by Hep Stars, and their first real hit
"Ljuva Sextiotal", performed by popular Swedish artist
Brita Borg, for which Stig Anderson wrote lyrics. The latter, a
cabaret-style ironic song about the 1960s, was submitted for the
1969 Swedish heats for the Eurovision Song Contest, but was
rejected; it was later recorded by diva Brita Borg. Another hit
came in 1969 with "Speleman", also recorded by Hep
Stars. While filming a nostalgic schlager special for television
in May 1969, Bjorn met eighteen-year-old future wife and
singer-songwriter Agnetha Faltskog. Bjorn Ulvaeus continued
recording and touring with Hootenanny Singers to great acclaim
while working as in-house producer at Polar Record Company (headed
by future manager Stig Anderson), with Benny as his new partner.
The twosome produced records by other artists and continued
writing songs together. Polar artist Arne Lamberts Swedish version
of "A Flower in My Garden" ("Froken Blaklint")
was one of Bjorn & Benny's first in-house productions. In
December 1969, they recorded the new song "She's My Kind of
Girl", which became their first single as a duo. It was
released in March 1970, giving them a minor hit in Sweden and a
top-ten hit in Japan two years later. Bjorn Ulvaeus's girlfriend
Agnetha Faltskog eventually joined Bjorn & Benny becoming
Bjorn, Benny & Agnetha, Frida eventually shortening it to
ABBA. Bjorn was the guitar player in the band, but he also sang
lead vocals in the following songs: "People Need Love",
"Merry Go Round", "Santa Rosa", "Another
Town Another Train", "I Saw It in the Mirror",
"Love Isn't Easy (But It Sure Is Hard Enough)", "He
Is Your Brother", "Rock'n Roll Band", "She's
My Kind of Girl", "Honey Honey", "Sitting in
the Palmtree", "King King Song", "Watch Out,
Man in the Middle, Rock Me, Crazy World", "Why Did It
Have To Be Me?", "Summer Night City", "Does
Your Mother Know", "Two for the Price Of One". On
July 6, 1971, Bjorn and Agnetha married. On July 1980, Bjorn and
Agnetha Faltskog divorced, and the band broke up shortly after the
divorce. After ABBA went on hiatus in 1982, Ulvaeus and Andersson
created the musicals Chess, a collaboration with lyricist Tim
Rice, Kristina fran Duvemala (based on The Emigrants novels by
Swedish writer Vilhelm Moberg), and Mamma Mia! (based on ABBA
songs). Together with Andersson, Ulvaeus was nominated for the
Drama Desk Award in the category "Outstanding Music"
(for the musical Chess), and for a Tony Award in a category "Best
Orchestrations" (for the musical Mamma Mia!). The original
cast recordings for both musicals were nominated for a Grammy
Award. For the 2004 semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest in
Istanbul, thirty years after ABBA had won the 1974 contest in
Brighton, UK, Ulvaeus appeared briefly in a special comedy video
made for the interval act, entitled "Our Last Video".
Each of the four members of the group appeared briefly in cameo
roles, as did others such as Cher and Rik Mayall. The video was
not included in the official DVD release of the Eurovision
Contest, but was issued as a separate DVD release. It was billed
as the first time the four had worked together since the group
split. In fact, they each filmed their appearances separately.
Ulvaeus also shared with Andersson "The Special International
Ivor Novello Award" from the British Academy of Songwriters,
Composers and Authors, "The Music Export Prize" from the
Swedish Ministry of Industry and Trade (2008), and "Lifetime
Achievement Award" from the Swedish Music Publishers
Association (SMFF). On 15 April 2013, it was officially announced
by the EBU and the SVT that Ulvaeus and Andersson, with the late
Swedish DJ and record producer Avicii, had composed the anthem for
the 2013 Eurovision Song Contest. The song was performed for the
first time in the Final on May 18. In 2016 American media reported
that British entrepreneur Simon Fuller had approached Ulvaeus and
other members of ABBA with his idea to create a virtual reality
ABBA using new technology. In November that year Fuller was
photographed in London meeting with Ulvaeus. In September 2017,
Benny Andersson told Swedish newspaper Expressen that there were
plans for ABBA to tour "virtually", using digital
avatars of the group and Ulvaeus told the BBC that the idea had
been proposed to the band by Simon Fuller.] In April 2018, the
four members issued a statement saying that during preparations
for the tour, they had regrouped with Fuller in the studio and
recorded two new songs, titled "I Still Have Faith in You"
and "Don't Shut Me Down". In 2019, Ulvaeus worked with
Swedish songwriter Andreas Carlsson to arrange an English dub of
Tomas Ledin's jukebox musical film En del av mitt hjarta (English:
A Piece of My Heart) directed by Edward af Sillen. Ulvaeus was
asked to write English lyrics for Ledin's songs as they are
long-term friends. In 2020, Bjorn Ulvaeus has been appointed
President of CISAC, the International Confederation of Societies
of Authors and Composers. On 2 September 2021, via YouTube
livestream, ABBA announced their virtual concert residency "ABBA
Voyage", as well as the release of a studio album, recorded
between 2017 and 2021. The new record, their first in 40 years,
features ten tracks, including "I Still Have Faith In You"
and "Don't Shut Me Down", which were first shown in the
aforementioned livestream event and released as a double A-side
single. On 5 November 2021, the Voyage album was released
worldwide, and on 27 May 2022, ABBA Voyage opened in a
purpose-built venue named the ABBA Arena at the Queen Elizabeth
Olympic Park in London. Since November 2021, Ulvaeus and British
actor Ian McKellen have posted Instagram videos featuring the pair
knitting Christmas jumpers and other festive attire. In 2023, it
was revealed that Ulvaeus and McKellen would be knitting stagewear
for Kylie Minogue as part of her More Than Just a Residency
concert residency at Voltaire at The Venetian Las Vegas. In
October 2023, it was confirmed that Ulvaeus would be the keynote
speaker for The Business Day at Bridlington Spa in the United
Kingdom on Friday 7 June 2024. Ulvaeus is expected to discuss the
creation of ABBA Voyage, leadership, entrepreneurship, artificial
intelligence (AI), Technology, Innovation, Meta Data and the
complexity of business in the music industryartificial
intelligence (AI), Technology, Innovation, Meta Data and the
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Combat At
Sea Documentary Series + Bonus MP4 Video Download DVD Set
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1960: Circumnavigation:
Circumnavigation Of The Earth: Nautical Circumnavigation Of The
Earth: Submerged Navigation Of The Earth: Operation Sandblast: --
The U.S. Navy submarine USS Triton completes the first submerged
circumnavigation of the globe when she returns to the point where
her circumnavigation began, the St. Peter and Paul Rocks (The
Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago) in the middle of the
Atlantic Ocean near the Equator, generally following the
navigational track of the Spanish expedition that achieved the
first circumnavigation of the world, started under the command of
Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan and completed by Spanish
explorer Juan Sebastian Elcano from 1519 to 1522. On February 16,
1960, USS Triton began Operation Sandblast when she set sail from
New London, Connecticut to begin the circumnavigation on February
24. Operation Sandblast was the code name for the first submerged
circumnavigation of the world, executed by the United States Navy
nuclear-powered radar picket submarine USS Triton (SSRN-586) in
1960 under the command of Captain Edward L. Beach Jr.. The New
York Times described Triton's submerged circumnavigation of the
Earth as "a triumph of human prowess and engineering skill, a
feat which the United States Navy can rank as one of its bright
victories in man's ultimate conquest of the seas." The
circumnavigation took place between February 24 and April 25,
1960, covering 26,723 nautical miles (49,491 km; 30,752 mi) over
60 days and 21 hours. During the voyage, Triton crossed the
Equator four times while maintaining an average speed of 18 knots
(33 km/h; 21 mph). The initial impetus for Operation Sandblast was
to increase American technological and scientific prestige before
the May 1960 Paris Summit between President Dwight D. Eisenhower
and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev. It also provided a
high-profile public demonstration of the capability of U.S. Navy
nuclear-powered submarines to carry out long-range submerged
operations independent of external support and undetected by
hostile forces, presaging the initial deployment of the Navy's
Polaris ballistic missile submarines later in 1960. Finally,
Operation Sandblast gathered extensive oceanographic,
hydrographic, gravimetric, geophysical, and psychological data
during Triton's circumnavigation. Official celebrations were
cancelled for Operation Sandblast following the diplomatic furor
arising from the 1960 U-2 incident in which a U-2 spy plane was
shot down over the Soviet Union in early May. However, Triton did
receive the Presidential Unit Citation with a special clasp in the
form of a golden replica of the globe in recognition of the
successful completion of its mission, and Captain Beach received
the Legion of Merit for his role as Triton's commanding officer.
In 1961, Beach received the Magellanic Premium from the American
Philosophical Society, the United States' oldest and most
prestigious scientific award in "recognition of his
navigation of the U.S. submarine Triton around the globe." On
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Machine That Changed The World: The Computer DVD MP4 Download
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1961: The History Of
Electronics: The History Of Electronic Components: The History Of
Semiconductors: The History Of Integrated Circuits (Microchips,
Chips, ICs): The History Of Semiconductor Devices: The History Of
Integrated Circuits Devices (Microchip Devices, Chips Devices, IC
Devices): Great Inventions: The Integrated Circuits (Microchips,
Chips, ICs): -- Robert Noyce, American physicist and entrepreneur
nicknamed "The Mayor Of Silicon Valley" who co-founded
Fairchild Semiconductor in 1957 and Intel Corporation in 1968
(December 12, 1927 - June 3, 1990) is granted a patent for the
first monolithic integrated circuit or microchip, which fueled the
personal computer revolution and gave Silicon Valley its name. An
Integrated Circuit (IC) is a small electronic device made up of
multiple interconnected electronic components such as transistors,
resistors, and capacitors. These components are etched onto a
small piece of semiconductor material, usually silicon. Integrated
circuits are used in a wide range of electronic devices, including
computers, smartphones, and televisions, to perform various
functions such as processing and storing information. They have
greatly impacted the field of electronics by enabling device
miniaturization and enhanced functionality. Integrated circuits
are orders of magnitude smaller, faster, and less expensive than
those constructed of discrete components, allowing a large
transistor count. The IC's mass production capability,
reliability, and building-block approach to integrated circuit
design have ensured the rapid adoption of standardized ICs in
place of designs using discrete transistors. ICs are now used in
virtually all electronic equipment and have revolutionized the
world of electronics. Computers, mobile phones, and other home
appliances are now essential parts of the structure of modern
societies, made possible by the small size and low cost of ICs
such as modern computer processors and microcontrollers.
Very-large-scale integration was made practical by technological
advancements in semiconductor device fabrication. Since their
origins in the 1960s, the size, speed, and capacity of chips have
progressed enormously, driven by technical advances that fit more
and more transistors on chips of the same size - a modern chip may
have many billions of transistors in an area the size of a human
fingernail. These advances, roughly following Moore's law, make
the computer chips of today possess millions of times the capacity
and thousands of times the speed of the computer chips of the
early 1970s. ICs have three main advantages over circuits
constructed out of discrete components: size, cost and
performance. The size and cost is low because the chips, with all
their components, are printed as a unit by photolithography rather
than being constructed one transistor at a time. Furthermore,
packaged ICs use much less material than discrete circuits.
Performance is high because the IC's components switch quickly and
consume comparatively little power because of their small size and
proximity. The main disadvantage of ICs is the high initial cost
of designing them and the enormous capital cost of factory
construction. This high initial cost means ICs are only
commercially viable when high production volumes are anticipated.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Outer
Space Films 8 Project Voyager Pioneer Mariner DVD, Download, USB
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25, 1983: The History Of
Spaceflight: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: The
Space Age: The Space Race: Space Probes: Interplanetary Space
Probes: The United States Space Program: The Mariner Program:
Pioneer Program: Pioneer 10: (Pioneer F): -- The Pioneer 10 space
probe travels beyond Pluto's orbit. Pioneer 10 was launched on
March 2, 1972 from Cape Canaveral, Florida with a mission to
explore the outer planets. Pioneer 10 (originally designated
Pioneer F) is an American space probe weighing 569 pounds that
completed the first mission to the planet Jupiter. Thereafter,
Pioneer 10 became the first of five artificial objects to achieve
the escape velocity that will allow them to leave the Solar
System. This space exploration project was conducted by the NASA
Ames Research Center in California, and the space probe was
manufactured by TRW Inc. Pioneer 10 was assembled around a
hexagonal bus with a 9-foot diameter parabolic dish high-gain
antenna, and the spacecraft was spin stabilized around the axis of
the antenna. Its electric power was supplied by four radioisotope
thermoelectric generators that provided a combined 155 watts at
launch. It was launched by an Atlas-Centaur expendable vehicle
from Cape Canaveral, Florida. Between July 15, 1972, and February
15, 1973, it became the first spacecraft to traverse the asteroid
belt. Photography of Jupiter began November 6, 1973, at a range of
16 million milies, and a total of about 500 images were
transmitted. The closest approach to the planet was on December 4,
1973, at a range of 82,178 miles. During the mission, the on-board
instruments were used to study the asteroid belt, the environment
around Jupiter, the solar wind, cosmic rays, and eventually the
far reaches of the Solar System and heliosphere. Radio
communications were lost with Pioneer 10 on January 23, 2003,
because of the loss of electric power for its radio transmitter,
with the probe at a distance of 80 AU (Astonomical Units), or 7.44
billion miles, from Earth. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Jean
Shepherd Radio Shows All Known To Exist DVD, MP3 Download, USB
Today, April 25, 2026
April 25: World Penguin Day: -- Aims to
raise awareness about these flightless birds to preserve their
species so that future generations get to see these elegant and
remarkable creatures. This day coincides with the annual northern
migration of Adelie penguins, a pattern that is inherent and
conserved across generations. There are eight species native to
Antarctica. Most penguins are monogamous and have unique calls to
assist them to find their mates in large groups. Most species lay
up to two eggs in a season while the King and Emperor penguins lay
only one. Alarmingly though, of the 18 known living species, 10
have been listed as endangered. This particular celebration of
penguins was created at McMurdo Station, an American research
center on Ross Island where researchers discovered that Adelie
penguins start their migration around this day each year. So began
World Penguin Day as a way to commemorate the event and raise
awareness about these creatures. This day encourages people to
learn more about penguins, the dangers they encounter, their
environment, and their contribution to the environment. Penguins
differ considerably in size, from the large emperor penguin,
reaching heights of over three feet and seven inches, to the
little blue penguin which is about 13 inches tall. Historically,
giant species of penguins existed that grew almost six feet high
and weighed over 176 pounds. Penguins are highly adaptive to
aquatic life, with their wings that have evolved into flippers and
their excellent swimming abilities where species like the emperor
penguin can reach deep depths of 1,800 feet. Penguins are
disguised to protect themselves against predators from above and
below. Their glossy feathers hold air in them that helps to both
keep them warm and help them stay afloat. These extraordinary
creatures are spread all over the Southern Hemisphere, from
Antarctica to the Galapagos Islands, penguins are famous for their
dedicated chick hatching endeavors, cute waddles, and amazing
survival instincts such as huddling to stay warm during icy
winters. Our appreciation for penguins has inspired the creation
of movies and books such as "Penguins of Madagascar" and
"Mr. Popper's Penguins." Yet, they face extinction where
a concerted effort is needed to help reduce our carbon footprint
and prevent pollution to preserve their habitat.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: United
Nations Documentaries Set: 2 MP4 Downloads Or 2 DVDs
Today, April 25, 2026April 25: International Delegate's Day:
-- Recognizes delegates who are a key part of the United Nations.
Without them, the U.N. wouldn't exist. As representatives of their
governments, U.N. delegates are committed to the spirit of
multilateralism. They all work together under the United Nations
to help solve problems worldwide. Delegates participate in
discussions at the U.N. General Assembly and other international
forums. They vote, but their votes aren't counted unless a head of
state or government is in attendance. The delegates were chosen by
their governments. Because of this, they have to act in their
country's best interests. Delegates from different nations
exchange their views and ideas at the United Nations. When
high-ranking politicians are not present, the delegates speak and
vote on behalf of their country at the U.N. General Assembly and
at other gatherings where the Security Council is represented. The
delegates represent their countries. They are not self-appointed,
so they tend to support the political interests of the governments
who sent them. Delegates from 50 countries came together in San
Francisco on April 25, 1945. After the devastation of World War
II, they aimed to set up an organization that would promote peace
and impose rules on the post-war world. More than 850 delegates
attended the conference, which lasted for two months. Determined
to set up an organization that would preserve peace and helps
build a better world, representatives of more than 80% of the
world's population - people from every religion and continent -
gathered. On June 26, 1945, two months after the first meeting,
the 50 countries signed the United Nations Charter. The United
Nations Organization's establishment in 1945 resulted from the
signing of the United Nations Charter, which enshrines the
principles that shape the organization's work. The U.N. now
comprises 192 Member States and is guided by its Charter's set of
purposes and principles. On April 2, 2019, the United Nations
General Assembly designated April 25 as International Delegate's
Day to commemorate the signing of the United Nations Charter in
San Francisco.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Vidal
in Venice - Gore Vidal's TV Venetian History DVD, Download, USB
Today, April 25, 2026April 25: The Feast Of St. Mark: --
Annually observed to commemorate the anniversary of the death of
Venice's patron saint, Saint Mark, in 68 A.D. The holiday is
observed by the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches. It is also
referred to as the rosebud festival. The Feast of St. Mark is
observed on April 25 by the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox
Churches. It helps bring awareness to St. Mark and his efforts to
spread Christianity. The holiday takes place on the death
anniversary of St. Mark, believed to be one of the 70 disciples
sent out by Jesus to preach the gospel in Judea. He is believed to
have authored one of the four Gospels in the New Testament. St.
Mark was a traveling companion and close friend of Saint Peter,
who holds the "keys of Heaven.". He is also the founder
of the church in Alexandria, Egypt. It is believed that he was
killed on April 25, 68 A.D., by Alexandrians because they resented
his efforts to replace their old pagan gods with Christianity and
the belief in the one true God. In A.D. 828, two Venetians, with
the help of some Greek monks, stole the relics of St. Mark from
Alexandria, which was controlled by the Abbasid Islamic Caliphate
during the time. The thieves managed to smuggle the relics out of
Alexandria by storing them in a barrel of pig fat, which they knew
the Muslim guards wouldn't inspect. Once they reached Venice, they
buried the relics and built St. Mark's Basilica over them. Every
year, thousands of people visit the church to honor St. Mark.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Eamon
de Valera Documentary DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, April 25, 2026April 25, 1916: 20th Century Revolutions:
Irish Nationalism: The Irish Revolutionary Period: 20th Century
Rebellions: The Easter Rising (Irish: Eiri Amach Na Casca) (The
Easter Rebellion): -- The United Kingdom declares martial law in
Ireland. On April 24, 1916, Easter Monday, Irish rebels, led by
Patrick Pearse and James Connolly, launched an uprising in Dublin
against British rule and proclaimed an Irish Republic. The Easter
Rising, also known as the Easter Rebellion, was an armed
insurrection in Ireland during Easter Week, April 1916. The Rising
was launched by Irish republicans to end British rule in Ireland
and establish an independent Irish Republic while the United
Kingdom was heavily engaged in the First World War. It was the
most significant uprising in Ireland since the rebellion of 1798,
and the first armed action of the Irish revolutionary period.
Organised by a seven-man Military Council of the Irish Republican
Brotherhood, the Rising lasted for six days. Members of the Irish
Volunteers, led by schoolmaster and Irish language activist
Patrick Pearse, joined by the smaller Irish Citizen Army of James
Connolly and 200 women of Cumann na mBan (The Women's Council),
seized key locations in Dublin and proclaimed an Irish Republic.
The British Army brought in thousands of reinforcements as well as
artillery and a gunboat. There was fierce street fighting on the
routes into the city centre, where the rebels put up stiff
resistance, slowing the British advance and inflicting heavy
casualties. Elsewhere in Dublin, the fighting mainly consisted of
sniping and long-range gun battles. The main rebel positions were
gradually surrounded and bombarded with artillery. There were
isolated actions in other parts of Ireland, with attacks on the
Royal Irish Constabulary barracks at Ashbourne, County Meath,
County Cork and in County Galway, and the seizure of the town of
Enniscorthy, County Wexford. Germany had sent a shipment of arms
to the rebels, but the British had intercepted it just before the
Rising began. Volunteer leader Eoin MacNeill had then issued a
countermand in a bid to halt the Rising, which greatly reduced the
number of rebels who mobilised. With much greater numbers and
heavier weapons, the British Army suppressed the Rising. Pearse
agreed to an unconditional surrender on Saturday 29 April,
although sporadic fighting continued until Sunday, when word
reached the other rebel positions. After the surrender the country
remained under martial law. About 3,500 people were taken prisoner
by the British, many of whom had played no part in the Rising, and
1,800 of them were sent to internment camps or prisons in Britain.
Most of the leaders of the Rising were executed following
courts-martial. The Rising brought physical force republicanism
back to the forefront of Irish politics, which for nearly 50 years
had been dominated by constitutional nationalism. It, and the
British reaction to it, led to increased popular support for Irish
independence. In December 1918, republicans, represented by the
reconstituted Sinn Fein party, won a landslide victory in the
general election to the British Parliament. They did not take
their seats, but instead convened the First Dail and declared the
independence of the Irish Republic. That declaration, and the
Soloheadbeg ambush, when members of the Irish Volunteers (or Irish
Republican Army, IRA) ambushed Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC)
officers who were escorting a consignment of explosives at
Soloheadbeg, County Tipperary, an action the volunteers took on
their own initiative and had not sought authorization for, started
the Irish War of Independence. 485 people were killed in the
Easter Rising. About 54% were civilians, 30% were British military
and police, and 16% were Irish rebels. More than 2,600 were
wounded. Many of the civilians were killed as a result of the
British using artillery and heavy machine guns, or mistaking
civilians for rebels. Others were caught in the crossfire in a
crowded city. The shelling and the fires it caused left parts of
inner city Dublin in ruins.
https://store.earthstation1.com/eamon-de-valera-dvd-irish-civil-war-leader-and-president.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Korea:
The Unknown War TV Korean War Series DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, April 25, 2026April 25, 1951: Korea: The History Of
Korea: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: The Korean
Conflict: The Korean War: The Chinese Spring Offensive (Chinese:
Zhongguo Chunji Gongshi) (The Chinese Fifth Phase Offensive
[Chinese: Di Wu Ci Zhanyi): The Battle Of Kapyong (Korean:
Gapyeongjeontu; April 22-27, 1951) (The Battle Of Jiaping
(Chinese: Jiaping Zhan Dou): -- Assaulting Chinese forces are
forced to withdraw after heavy fighting with UN forces, primarily
made up of Australian and Canadian troops. The Battle Of Kapyong
began on April 22, 1951 as the Chinese People's Volunteer Army
began assaulting United Nations (UN) positions defended by the
Royal Australian Regiment and the Princess Patricia's Canadian
Light Infantry. The battle was fought primarily between Chinese
communist People's Volunteer Army against Australian, Canadian and
New Zealand. The fighting occurred during the Chinese Spring
Offensive and saw the 27th British Commonwealth Brigade establish
blocking positions in the Kapyong Valley, on a key route south to
the capital, Seoul. The two forward battalions - 3rd Battalion,
Royal Australian Regiment (3 RAR) and 2nd Battalion, Princess
Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry (2 PPCLI) - supported by a New
Zealand artillery battery, occupied positions astride the valley
and hastily developed defences. As thousands of South Korean
soldiers began to withdraw through the valley, the Chinese
infiltrated the brigade position under the cover of darkness, and
assaulted the Australians on Hill 504 during the evening and into
the following day. Although heavily outnumbered, the 27th Brigade
held their positions into the afternoon before the Australians
were finally withdrawn to positions in the rear of the brigade,
with both sides having suffered heavy casualties. The Chinese then
turned their attention to the Canadians on Hill 677, but during a
fierce night battle they were unable to dislodge them. The
fighting helped blunt the Chinese offensive and the actions of the
Australians and Canadians at Kapyong were important in assisting
to prevent a breakthrough on the United Nations Command central
front, and ultimately the capture of Seoul. The two battalions
bore the brunt of the assault and stopped an entire Chinese
division during the hard fought defensive battle. The next day the
Chinese withdrew back up the valley, in order to regroup. Today,
the battle is regarded as one of the most famous actions fought by
the Australian and Canadian armies in Korea.
https://store.earthstation1.com/korea-the-unknown-war-dvd-complete-6-part-tv-series-3-dis63.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title:
Treblinka's Ivan The Terrible John Demjanjuk + Bonus DVD MP4 USB
Drive
Today, April 25, 2026April 25, 1988: The European Civil War:
World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater Of
World War II): The Holocaust (Shoah): The Holocaust In Poland:
Treblinka Extermination Camp: John Demjanjuk: The Trial Of John
Demjanjuk: -- John Demjanjuk, a retired Ukrainian-American auto
worker living in the Seven Hills, Ohio, accused of being prisoner
guard Ivan Marchenko and known at Treblinka extermination camp as
"Ivan The Terrible", and of being Ivan Demjanjuk, a
prisoner guard at the Sobibor and Majdanek death camps, is
sentenced in Israel to death for war crimes committed during World
War II. On July 29, 1993, the Supreme Court of Israel acquited
Demjanjuk of all charges and he was set free. The Israeli Supreme
Court's 405-page ruling included the following: "The main
issue of the indictment sheet filed against the appellant was his
identification as Ivan The Terrible, an operator of the gas
chambers in the extermination camp at Treblinka... By virtue of
this gnawing [new evidence indicating mistaken identity]... we
restrained ourselves from convicting the appellant of the horrors
of Treblinka. Ivan Demjanjuk has been acquitted by us, because of
doubt, of the terrible charges attributed to Ivan The Terrible of
Treblinka. This was the proper course for judges who cannot
examine the heart and mind, but have only what their eyes see and
read.... The facts proved the appellant's participation in the
extermination process. The matter is closed - but not complete,
the complete truth is not the prerogative of the human judge."
https://store.earthstation1.com/trebilinka39s-iva-the-terrible-the-demjanjuk-dossier-d39.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title:
Satchmo: Louis Armstrong Biography + Bonus Title DVD MP4 USB Drive
Today, April 25, 2026April 25, 1990: #DOTD: #RIP: Dexter
Gordon, African American jazz tenor saxophonist, composer, and
actor (b. February 27, 1923) #dies of kidney failure and smoking
related cancer of the larynx in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania at the
age of 67. His remains were cremated; the final disposition of his
ashes are not publicly disclosed other than that they were given
to his family or friend(s). Dexter Gordon was born Dexter Keith
Gordon in Los Angeles, California. He was among the earliest tenor
players to adapt the bebop musical language of people such as
Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, and Bud Powell to the instrument.
Gordon's height was 6 feet 6 inches, so he was also known as "Long
Tall Dexter" and "Sophisticated Giant". His studio
and live performance career spanned over 40 years. Gordon's sound
was commonly characterized as being "large" and spacious
and he had a tendency to play behind the beat. He was famous for
humorously inserting musical quotes into his solos. One of his
major influences was Lester Young. Gordon, in turn, was an early
influence on John Coltrane and Sonny Rollins. Rollins and Coltrane
then influenced Gordon's playing as he explored hard bop and modal
playing during the 1960s. Gordon was known for his genial and
humorous stage presence. He was an advocate of playing to
communicate with the audience. One of his idiosyncratic rituals
was to recite lyrics from each ballad before playing it. A
photograph by Herman Leonard of Gordon taking a smoke break at the
Royal Roost in 1948 is one of the iconic images in jazz
photography. Cigarettes were a recurring theme on covers of
Gordon's albums. Gordon was nominated for an Academy Award for
Best Actor in a Leading Role for his performance in the Bertrand
Tavernier film Round Midnight (Warner Bros, 1986), and he won a
Grammy for Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Soloist, for the
soundtrack album The Other Side of Round Midnight (Blue Note
Records, 1986). He also had a cameo role in the 1990 movie,
Awakenings, and appears in the 1989 documentary "Satchmo"
on Louis Armstrong.
https://store.earthstation1.com/satchmo-louis-armstrong-biography-dvd-mp4-usb-driv4.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Nat
King Cole Show 1956-1957 TV Series MP4 Video Download DVD Set
Today, April 25, 2026April 25, 2023: #DOTD: #RIP: Harry
Belafonte, African American singer, songwriter, actor, and social
activist (b. March 1, 1927) #dies of congestive heart failure at
his home on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City at the
age of 96. His remains were cremated, and his ashes were given to
his wife Pamela Frank. Harry Belafonte was born Harold George
Bellanfanti at Lying-In Hospital on March 1, 1927, in Harlem, New
York, the son of Jamaican-born parents Melvine (nee Love), a
housekeeper, and Harold George Bellanfanti Sr., who worked as a
chef. (His mother was the child of a Scottish Jamaican mother and
an Afro-Jamaican father, and his father was the child of a black
mother and a Dutch-Jewish father of Sephardic Jewish descent;
Harry, Jr. was raised Catholic.) Harry Belafonte is one of the
most successful Jamaican-American pop stars in history, he was
dubbed the "King of Calypso" for popularizing the
Caribbean musical style (originating in Trinidad and Tobago) with
an international audience in the 1950s. His breakthrough album
Calypso (1956) is the first million-selling LP by a single artist.
Belafonte is perhaps best known for singing "The Banana Boat
Song", with its signature lyric "Day-O". He has
recorded in many genres, including blues, folk, gospel, show
tunes, and American standards. He has also starred in several
films, most notably in Otto Preminger's hit musical Carmen Jones
(1954), Island in the Sun (1957), and Robert Wise's Odds Against
Tomorrow. Belafonte was an early supporter of the Civil Rights
Movement in the 1950s and 1960s, and one of Martin Luther King
Jr.'s confidants. Throughout his career, he has been an advocate
for political and humanitarian causes, such as the anti-apartheid
movement and USA for Africa. Since 1987, he has been a UNICEF
Goodwill Ambassador. In recent years, he has been a vocal critic
of the policies of both the George W. Bush and Barack Obama
presidential administrations. Harry Belafonte now acts as the
American Civil Liberties Union celebrity ambassador for juvenile
justice issues. Belafonte has won three Grammy Awards, including a
Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, an Emmy Award, and a Tony
Award. In 1989, he received the Kennedy Center Honors. He was
awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1994. In 2014, he received
the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award at the Academy's 6th Annual
Governors Awards. In March 2014, he was awarded an honorary
doctorate from Berklee College of Music in Boston.
https://store.earthstation1.com/the-nat-king-cole-show-dvd-set-2-discs-classic-music-t2.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: In
Search Of Dracula 1975 Christopher Lee DVD, MP4 Download, USB
Drive
Today, April 25, 2026April 25, 2007: #DOTD: #RIP: Bobby
"Boris" Pickett, American singer, songwriter, and
comedian, best known for co-writing and performing the 1962 smash
hit novelty song "Monster Mash" (b. February 11, 1938)
#dies of leukemia Los Angeles, California at age 69. He was
cremated, and the ashes were given to his family: a portion of his
ashes were made into a diamond ring which is worn by his daughter.
The May 13, 2007, episode of the Dr. Demento show featured a
documentary retrospective of Pickett's work. Bobby "Boris"
Pickett was born Robert George Pickett in Somerville,
Massachusetts. Pickett watched many horror films as a result of
his father's position as a local movie theater manager. He started
improvising impressions of Hollywood film stars at a young age. At
a turning point in his career, Pickett was a vocalist for a local
swing band called Darren Bailes and the Wolf Eaters. He would
later serve in the United States Army from 1956 to 1959, and was
stationed in Korea for a period of time. He co-wrote his signature
song, "Monster Mash", with Leonard Capizzi in May 1962
as a spoof of popular contemporary dance crazes. Pickett's
performances include impersonations of Boris Karloff (The Mummy
(1932)) and Bela Lugosi (Dracula (1931)), and although many major
labels declined to distribute the song, Gary S. Paxton agreed to
release it in the United States. "Monster Mash" was met
with instant success and peaked at No. 1 on the US Billboard Hot
100 for two weeks in October 1962, including Halloween. The song
was certified gold by the RIAA on August 28, 1973. The song has
since re-charted three more times-in 1970, 1973 (when it reached
the Top Ten) and 2021. Though Pickett never achieved the same
success as he did with "Monster Mash" on charts, he
continued to lend his voice to further parodies and other songs
throughout the rest of his life. Pickett also made appearances on
television, film, and radio as a guest star, narrator, actor, and
disc jockey. He released Monster Mash: Half Dead in Hollywood, an
autobiography.
https://store.earthstation1.com/in-search-of-dracula-1975-documentary-starring-christopher1975.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title:
Hollywood The Golden Years: The RKO Story DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, April 25, 2026April 25, 1995: #DOTD: #RIP: Ginger
Rogers, American actress, singer, and dancer (b. July 16, 1911)
#dies at her Rancho Mirage home after previously having lapsed
into a diabetic coma, and then suffering a fatal stroke, aged 83.
She was cremated and her ashes interred with her mother Lela
Emogene in Oakwood Memorial Park Cemetery in Chatsworth,
California. She was born Virginia Katherine Rogers McMath in
Independence, Missouri. Ginger Rogers is widely known for
performing in films and RKO's musical films, partnered with Fred
Astaire. She appeared on stage, as well as on radio and
television, throughout much of the 20th century. After winning a
1925 Charleston dance contest that launched a successful
vaudeville career, she gained recognition as a Broadway actress
for her debut stage role in Girl Crazy. This success led to a
contract with Paramount Pictures, which ended after five films.
Rogers had her first successful film role as a supporting actress
in 42nd Street (1933). Throughout the 1930s, Rogers made 10 films
with Astaire, among which were some of her biggest successes, such
as Swing Time (1936) and Top Hat (1935). After two commercial
failures with Astaire, Rogers began to branch out into dramatic
films and comedies. Her acting was well received by critics and
audiences, and she became one of the biggest box-office draws of
the 1940s. Her performance in Kitty Foyle (1940) won her the
Academy Award for Best Actress. Rogers remained successful
throughout the 1940s and at one point was Hollywood's highest-paid
actress, but her popularity had peaked by the end of the decade.
She reunited with Astaire in 1949 in the commercially successful
The Barkleys of Broadway. After an unsuccessful period through the
1950s, Rogers made a successful return to Broadway in 1965,
playing the lead role in Hello, Dolly!. More lead roles on
Broadway followed, along with her stage directorial debut in 1985
on an off-Broadway production of Babes in Arms. Rogers also made
television acting appearances until 1987. In 1992, Rogers was
recognized at the Kennedy Center Honors. She died of a heart
attack in 1995, at the age of 83. Rogers is associated with the
phrase "backwards and in high heels", the title of her
memoir, attributed to Bob Thaves' Frank and Ernest cartoon with
the caption "Sure he [Astaire] was great, but don't forget
that Ginger Rogers did everything he did... backwards and in high
heels". A Republican and a devout Christian Scientist, Rogers
was married five times, with all of her marriages ending in
divorce; she had no children. During her long career, Rogers made
73 films, and her musical films with Fred Astaire are credited
with revolutionizing the genre. Rogers was a major movie star
during the Golden Age of Hollywood, and is considered an American
icon. She ranks number 14 on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars list
of female stars of classic American cinema.
https://store.earthstation1.com/hollywood-the-golden-years-the-rko-story-dvd-set-2-disc2.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title:
Television: A History Of Broadcast TV DVD MP4 Download USB Drive
Today, April 25, 2026April 25, 2009: #DOTD: #RIP: Bea Arthur,
American actress, singer and comedian (b. May 13, 1922) #dies of
lung cancer at her home in Brentwood, Los Angeles, aged 86. Arthur
was survived by her sister, Marian Frankel Gray, and two children.
Arthur's body was cremated, and her ashes were given to her
family. On April 28, 2009, the Broadway community paid tribute to
Arthur by dimming the marquees of New York City's Broadway theater
district in her memory for one minute at 8:00 p.m. On September
16, 2009, a public tribute to Arthur was held at the Majestic
Theatre in Manhattan, where friends and colleagues including
Angela Lansbury, Norman Lear, Rosie O'Donnell and Rue McClanahan
paid tribute to the actress. Arthur's surviving co-stars from The
Golden Girls, McClanahan and White, commented on her death via
telephone on an April 27 episode of Larry King Live. On the Today
Show by phone, McClanahan said she and Arthur got along together
"like cream." White said "I knew it would hurt, I
just didn't know it would hurt this much." Longtime friends
Adrienne Barbeau (with whom she had worked on Maude) and Angela
Lansbury (with whom she had worked in Mame) reflected on her
death. Barbeau said, "We've lost a unique, incredible talent.
No one could deliver a line or hold a take like Bea and no one was
more generous or giving to her fellow performers." Lansbury
said, "She became and has remained my bosom buddy [...] I am
deeply saddened by her passing, but also relieved that she is
released from the pain." Arthur bequeathed 300K USD to the
Ali Forney Center, a New York City organization that provides
housing for homeless LGBT youths. The center was heavily damaged
in October 2012 by Hurricane Sandy, but has since been restored
and re-opened. The Bea Arthur Residence, which opened in 2017, is
an 18-bed residence in Manhattan for homeless LGBT youth operated
by the Ali Forney Center. Bea Arthur was born Bernice Frankel in
the Brooklyn borough of New York City into the Jewish immigrant
family of Rebecca Pressner Frankel from Austria and Philip Frankel
from Poland. During World War II, Beatrice Arthur enlisted as one
of the first members of the United States Marine Corps Women's
Reserve in 1943. After basic training, she served as a typist at
Marine headquarters in Washington, D.C. In June 1943, the Marine
Corps accepted her transfer request to the Motor Transport School
at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina. Frankel then worked as a truck
driver and dispatcher in Cherry Point, North Carolina, between
1944 and 1945. She was honorably discharged at the rank of staff
sergeant in September 1945. After serving in the Marines, Frankel
studied for a year at the Franklin School of Science and Arts in
Philadelphia, where she became a licensed medical technician.
After interning at a local hospital for the summer, she decided
against working as a lab technician, departing for New York City
in 1947 to enroll in the School of Drama at The New School. Bea
Arthur began her career on stage in 1947, attracting critical
acclaim before achieving worldwide recognition for her work on
television beginning in the 1970s as Maude Findlay in the popular
sitcoms All in the Family (1971-1972) and Maude (1972-1978) and
later in the 1980s and 1990s as Dorothy Zbornak on The Golden
Girls (1985-1992). Arthur won several accolades throughout her
career, beginning with the 1966 Tony Award for Best Featured
Actress in a Musical for playing Vera Charles in Mame. She won
Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series in
1977 for Maude and 1988 for The Golden Girls. Arthur has received
the third most nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for
Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series with nine; only Julia
Louis-Dreyfus (11) and Mary Tyler Moore (10) have more. She was
inducted into the academy's Television Hall of Fame in 2008. Her
film appearances include Lovers and Other Strangers (1970) and the
film version of Mame (1974). In 2002, she starred in the one-woman
show Bea Arthur on Broadway: Just Between Friends. An obituary
described Arthur as "the tall, deep-voiced actress whose
razor-sharp delivery of comedy lines made her a TV star."
https://store.earthstation1.com/television-1988-tv-documentary-series-8-shows-4-dual-laye198884.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Rock &
Roll An Unruly History 10 Part TV Series MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, April 25, 2026April 25, 2011: #DOTD: #RIP: Poly
Styrene, the first female punk rocker, and as such was among the
very first punk rockers, British singer, songwriter, musician and
frontwoman for the punk rock band X-Ray Spex (b. July 3, 1957)
#dies of metastatic breast cancer in Sussex, England at the age of
53. X-Ray Spex was an English punk rock band from London that
formed in 1976. During their first incarnation (1976-79), X-Ray
Spex were "deliberate underachievers" and only managed
to release five singles and one album. Nevertheless, their first
single, "Oh Bondage Up Yours!", is now acknowledged as a
classic punk rock single, and the album Germfree Adolescents is
widely acclaimed as a classic album of the punk rock genre. Though
she did not receive narration credit in either The History Of Rock
And Roll television documentary series (1996), nor the Rock &
Roll: An Unruly History television series (1996), either her face
or segment of music or both appear in both series. Poly Styrene
died of metastatic breast cancer in Sussex, England at the age of
53. Her remains were cremated, and her ashes werescattered in
India's holy Yamuna river.
https://store.earthstation1.com/rock-amp-roll-an-unruly-history-10-part-tv-series-mp4-video-download-104.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Second Russian Revolution TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, April 25, 2026April 25, 1983: The Aftermath Of World
War II: The Cold War: -- American schoolgirl Samantha Smith is
invited to visit the Soviet Union by its leader Yuri Andropov
after he read her letter in which she expressed fears about
nuclear war. The Soviet newspaper Pravda printed it, and Smith
received a personal reply with an invitation to visit the Soviet
Union, which she accepted. Smith attracted extensive media
attention in both countries as a "Goodwill Ambassador",
becoming known as America's Youngest Ambassador and subsequently
participating in peacemaking activities in Japan. With the
assistance of her father Arthur (an academic), she wrote a book
titled Journey to the Soviet Union, which chronicled her visit to
the country. She later became a child actress, but died at the age
of 13 on August 25, 1985, onboard Bar Harbor Airlines Flight 1808,
which crashed short of the runway on final approach to the
Auburn/Lewiston Municipal Airport in Maine.
https://store.earthstation1.com/the-second-russian-revolution-6-dvd-set-complete-tv-serie6.html