EarthStation1 MediaOutlet News: Latest New Releases And Today's #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Titles At EarthStation1.com

EarthStation1 MediaOutlet News: Latest New Releases And Today's #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Titles At EarthStation1.com & MediaOutlet.com!

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

Our latest new releases and daily specials are at https://store.earthstation1.com/specials.html -- and they're waiting for you! ;) (EarthStation1.com logo "Heart Of The Quasar" used with gracious longtime permission of Don Dixon, founding member of the International Association of Astronomical Artists (IAAA) https://www.cosmographica.com)

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Pinky Lee Classic TV Kid Shows Collection MP4 Download Or DVD

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23: Tootsie Roll Day: -- An annual day dedicated to celebrating the chocolate-flavored candy that has been a favorite among people throughout generations. The Tootsie Roll is an American favorite, and we are here to show you how you can amazingly celebrate the day. Do you know that it has been more than 115 years since the Tootsie Roll was developed in Brooklyn in 1907? Tootsie Roll Day is the birth anniversary of the inventor of Tootsie Roll, Leo Hershfield. This uniquely named sweet is popular countrywide. People celebrate this day by enjoying Tootsie Rolls. Austrian-Jewish immigrant, Leo Hirshfield opened his candy shop in Brooklyn in the year 1896. The first candy that he sold was Bromangellon jelly powder. In the year 1907, Hirshfield submitted his first patent for the development of the Tootsie Roll candy. Leo Hirshfield named the candy after his daughter, Clara, whose nickname was Tootsie. Tootsie Rolls became immensely popular by 1908 and were marketed in large quantities. In 1917, Leo Hirshfield changed the name of the company to Sweet Company of America. In 1935, the company was taken over by Joseph Rubin and the Sons of Brooklyn. Under the new president, the company grew exponentially. It was also the time when the size of the Tootsie Rolls was increased. Rubin then shifted the company base from Manhattan to New Jersey. In 1943, Captain Tootsie, a comic book character, was created by C.C. Beck. The comic strips appeared in Sunday newspapers and a few years later, a comic book was published by Toby Press. In 1962, Joseph Rubin's niece Ellen Rubin Gordon took control of the company. In 1966, the name of the company was shifted to Tootsie Rolls Industries. In 2015, Ellen Rubin Gordon became the C.E.O. of the company. Today, Tootsie Rolls Industries is a commercial giant, manufacturing about 64 million Tootsie Rolls in a day. Tootsie Rolls Day gives recognition to this tasty candy that is enjoyed by millions every day. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/pinky-lee-dvd-classic-tv-kid-shows.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Lux Radio Theatre w/ Cecil B. DeMille MP3 Set DVD, Download, USB Drive

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23: Pinocchio Day: -- Today marks the anniversary of the 1940 release of the Disney film of the same name. Disney's "Pinocchio" went on to become a global sensation due to its familiarity as a folk tale in Europe. It was based on the 1883 Italian book "The Adventures of Pinocchio" by Carlo Collodi. Pinocchio followed up as the studio's second animated feature-length film after "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs." The film follows a puppet named Pinocchio in his attempt to become a human boy. "The Adventures of Pinocchio" was originally published in a serialized format under the name "The Story of a Puppet" in a weekly magazine, starting from July 7, 1881. The popularity of the series led to all the installments being compiled and published as a novel in 1883. Since then, the misadventures of Pinocchio have become deeply ingrained into the cultural zeitgeist. The book is now considered a canonical piece of children's literature. Pinocchio has either featured in or been referenced in many pieces of popular fiction since. Disney's "Pinocchio" was the third attempt to adapt the wooden puppet's story onto the silver screen. It was the studio's second animated feature-length film after "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" was released in 1937. The film follows the titular character Pinocchio, who was carved out of wood and brought to life by an Italian woodcarver named Geppetto. Pinocchio, through the course of the film, attempts to become a real boy by proving himself to be brave, truthful, and unselfish. He meets many unsavory characters during this quest, guided by Jiminy Cricket. The film deals with themes of morality, social conformity, discipline, and growing up. The film received stellar reviews after its release. It won two Academy Awards, for Best Original Song and Best Original Score. It is the first Disney film to win in either category. "Pinocchio" was released for home viewing in North America on July 16, 1985, and soon became the best-selling home video title for the year. Its VHS release in the U.K. happened in 1988. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/complete-lux-radio-theatre-2-dual-layer-mp3-dvds-cecil-b-demil23.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Clive James' Fame In The 20th Century TV Series DVD Set MP4 USB Drive

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23: Play Tennis Day: -- A day dedicated to playing tennis, a racket sport that's one of the most popular sports to play and watch in the world. Tennis is a sport that can be played by anyone, regardless of where they are from and what their status is. It can be played against single opponents or between teams of two players. If you can hold a racket, then you can play tennis. It is derived from what is called 'real tennis', a game that was called the 'Sport of Kings.' Real tennis is also known as court tennis or royal tennis. Tennis is a great game to play as a sport or as a fun sport between family and friends. The original game was very similar to modern-day lawn tennis, but the rules and scoring system were much more complex. This game in turn evolved from an older ball game that used to be played in France. Modern-day tennis originated in England and was known as lawn tennis to differentiate it from 'real tennis'. A young American socialite called Mary Ewing Outerbridge introduced the game to America, and the game caught on. Tennis has remained popular in the U.S. since it was introduced, and the country has produced many Grand Slam winners. Eventually, the International Tennis Federation was founded, which set up three tournaments as the major championships for the game. The appeal of the game lies in its simplicity. Anyone can play it because you don't need anything beyond a racket and balls to play. The game is played on tennis courts but can just as easily be played outside, as long as there is enough space. Formal tennis courts are perfectly flat and rectangular. But the material of the surfaces varies. Tennis can be played on grass, clay, and hard courts which are made of concrete or asphalt. There may also be courts with artificial turfs. The rules of the game are straightforward in that a player who sends the ball across to the other is the one serving. Players win points if the other player cannot strike the ball and return it across the court. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/clive-james39-fame-in-the-20th-century-tv-series-dvd-set-mp4-usb-39204.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: WPIX at 40! (1988) New York City's TV Channel 11 DVD, Download, USB

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23: National Hospitality Workers Appreciation Day: -- Created by Food Service Direct, an online store for chefs and restaurant operators, February 23 appreciates the hard workers of the service industry who strive tirelessly to bring the best in comfort and luxury. The hospitality industry is often confused with the hotel industry, which is not the case. The latter is a branch of the former. The hospitality industry is broad and includes hotels, restaurants, bars, theme parks, tourism, and more. The presentation, creativity, entertainment, and quality of these businesses are all thanks to their hospitality workers, which is why we are celebrating them today! The term hospitality originated from the French word 'hospice' meaning "taking care of travelers." Travelers were often invited to rest at the homes of locals during their travels. They would sleep on floors, as no proper resting facilities existed until monasteries decided to create them. This is how lodging services came into existence. Inns started operating in the late 1700s, providing shelter and food for travelers. Horses and carriages were also taken care of. This is when the hospitality sector started to shape. Soon, the element of luxury and modern facilities started to emerge. This led to the creation of hotels, with elegant rooms and finer dining spaces. The year 1829 was significant for the American hospitality industry. This is the year when the first luxury hotel was constructed in Boston, Massachusetts by American architect Isaiah Rogers - the Tremont Hotel. In modern times, the success of bars, restaurants, hotels, inns, is heavily reliant on hospitality workers. Indeed, the service provided by hospitality workers can make or break the experience and is a crucial factor for determining the quality and standard of the business. As the backbone of the hospitality industry, it is unfortunate that hospitality workers don't get the full appreciation that they truly deserve, and are often overworked and underpaid. Stress, psychological exhaustion, and burnout are frequently faced by hospitality workers due to the demanding nature of the hospitality sector. Mostly serving at the front line directly with customers, hospitality workers meet the required needs, communicate and work behind the scenes, and maintain efficiency and quality. Their diligence and attitude topped with a smile creates a satisfactory experience. On National Hospitality Workers Appreciation Day we express our gratitude to the talented and dedicated hospitality workers, and unions, trade associations, and other organizations collaborate to make the industry better for its labor. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/wpix-at-40-channel-11-nyc-1988-tv-retrospec40111988.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: United Nations Documentaries Set: 2 MP4 Downloads Or 2 DVDs

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23: World Understanding And Peace Day: -- An annual commemoration of the first meeting of The Rotary International. This meeting of businessmen, which aimed to be a space where their backgrounds didn't matter, started the chain of events that led to the formation of Rotary International. An international organization dedicated to humanitarian service as well as peace and goodwill throughout the world, Rotary International began in Chicago, U.S. The date of the first meeting has since become World Understanding and Peace Day, which is part of the World Understanding Month celebrations in February. World Understanding and Peace Day commemorates the first meeting which led to the formation of Rotary International. Attorney Paul P. Harris called a meeting of his business friends in Chicago. He aimed to put together a fellowship of businessmen without limitations of politics and religion getting in the way. Initially, the members of the Rotary met in each other's offices, till the group grew so large that it needed a space of its own. The Rotary Clubs were then established in four other American cities, and eventually, the group spread internationally, leading to a change in name from Rotary Club to the International Association of Rotary Clubs. As time passed, the name was changed again to Rotary International. The organization has worked with the U.N. since the United Nations Organization was founded. Rotary International is a service organization that brings together businessmen and professionals so that they can offer humanitarian service and work towards the goals of goodwill and peace in the world. It has six areas of philanthropic focus - disease prevention and treatment, water and sanitation, maternal and child health, basic education and literacy, economic and community development, and peace and conflict prevention/resolution. As part of its commitment to peace, Rotary International has set up Rotary Centers for International Studies in peace and conflict resolution in eight universities around the world. Rotary Fellowships offer grants to study at these Centers as well. The organization also has a Rotary Peace and Conflict Resolution Program which is a graduate studies program for which 75 scholars are announced every year. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/united-nations-documentaries-set-dvd-mp4-download-usb-driv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Subways Trains & Railroads! Rail Transport History DVD, Download, USB

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23: Diesel Engine Day: -- Did you know that diesel engines today power such things as heavy construction machinery, farm tractors, trucks, marine vessels, buses, and locomotives? They are even turned into power generators at offices, airports, and hospitals. It is simply impossible to imagine our current world without this unique power system, hence the reason why it is more than deserving of its own day. A diesel engine is an internal-combustion engine in which air is compressed to a sufficiently high temperature to ignite diesel fuel injected into the cylinder, where combustion and expansion actuate a piston. It converts the chemical energy stored in the fuel into mechanical energy, which can be used to power heavy-duty vehicles and machinery, and for electricity generation in hospitals, industrial buildings, and homes. The invention of this engine is credited to Rudolf Diesel, an engineer, who was granted a patent for the diesel engine on February 23, 1893. He came up with the engine after setting out to improve the efficiency of the Otto engine, a large, single-cylinder, four-stroke engine developed back in the 1870s. The development of Diesel's invention took a lot of time and work to become a commercial success. Many engineers and developers joined in the effort to improve the market viability of the idea created by Rudolf Diesel. Since then, the diesel engine has become a pivotal part of everyday life and transportation. The first commercial engine using Diesel's patent was installed by Adolphus Busch at his brewery in St. Louis, Missouri. Then, in later years, diesel engines were used to power submarines in WWI and eventually went on to power all military vehicles and equipment in WWII. Later on, high-speed diesel engines were introduced in the 1920s for commercial vehicle applications and in the 1930s for passenger cars. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/subways-trains-and-railroads-locomotive-films-2-dual-layer-dvd2.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Triumph Of The West 13 Part TV Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1455: First Publications: -- Traditional date for the publication of the Gutenberg Bible, also known as the 42-line Bible, the Mazarin Bible or the B42, the earliest major book printed using mass-produced movable metal type in Europe. It marked the start of the "Gutenberg Revolution" and the age of printed books in the West. The book is valued and revered for its high aesthetic and artistic qualities as well as its historical significance. It is an edition of the Latin Vulgate printed in the 1450s by Johannes Gutenberg in Mainz, in present-day Germany. Forty-nine copies (or substantial portions of copies) have survived. They are thought to be among the world's most valuable books, although no complete copy has been sold since 1978. In March 1455, the future Pope Pius II wrote that he had seen pages from the Gutenberg Bible displayed in Frankfurt to promote the edition, and that either 158 or 180 copies had been printed (he cited sources for both numbers). On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/triumph-of-the-west-tv-series-5-dual-layer-dvds-all-13-sh513.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Lincoln And The War Within: Election To Ft. Sumter DVD, MP4, USB Drive

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1861: United States Presidential Assassination Attempts And Plots: The Assassinations Plots Against Abraham Lincoln: The Baltimore Plot: -- President-elect Abraham Lincoln arrives secretly in Washington, D.C. after the thwarting of an alleged assassination plot in Baltimore, Maryland en route to Lincoln's first inauguration as the 16th president of the United States, which was held on Monday, March 4, 1861. The Baltimore Plot was a conspiracy in late February 1861 to assassinate President-elect Abraham Lincoln en route to his inauguration. Allan Pinkerton, founder of the Pinkerton National Detective Agency, played a key role by managing Lincoln's security throughout the journey. Though scholars debate whether or not the threat was real, clearly Lincoln and his advisors believed that there was a threat and took actions to ensure his safe passage through Baltimore, Maryland. On November 6, 1860, Lincoln was elected as the 16th President of the United States, a Republican, and the first to be elected from that party. Shortly after his election, many representatives of southern states made it clear that the Confederacy's secession from the U.S. was inevitable, which greatly increased tension across the nation. A plot to assassinate Lincoln in Baltimore was alleged, and he ultimately arrived secretly in Washington, D.C. on February 23, 1861. A planned train route through Bellaire, Ohio, to Wheeling, Virginia (West Virginia had yet to break off from Virginia) and eastward, was subsequently rerouted up through the Pittsburgh vicinity, through Pennsylvania, into Maryland and eventually to Washington. For the remainder of his presidency, Lincoln's many critics would hound him for the seemingly cowardly act of sneaking through Baltimore at night, in disguise, sacrificing his honor for his personal safety. However, the efforts at security may well have been prudent. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/lincoln-and-the-war-within-election-to-sumter-dvd-mp4-us4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Black Civil Rights Films: African-American History DVD, MP4, USB Stick

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

(#JCKaelin here: W. E. B. Du Bois is *one of the finest men the world has ever produced*. He invented entire sciences! Even if he achieved 1/10th of what he did, every American schoolchild should still be as familiar with him and his name as with those of the founding fathers. *W. E. B. Du Bois is Black History Month*, and we should all bow our heads in remembrance of such a great and good man!) ========= February 23, 1868 #BOTD: #HBD! W. E. B. Du Bois, African American sociologist, historian, civil rights activist, Pan-Africanist, author, writer, editor, educator and Prince Hall Freemason (d. August 27, 1963) is #born William Edward Burghardt Du Bois in Great Barrington, Massachusetts. W. E. B. Du Bois grew up in a relatively tolerant and integrated community. After completing graduate work at the University of Berlin and Harvard, where he was the first African American to earn a doctorate, he became a professor of history, sociology and economics at Atlanta University. Du Bois was one of the co-founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909. Du Bois rose to national prominence as the leader of the Niagara Movement, a group of African American activists who wanted equal rights for blacks. Du Bois and his supporters opposed the Atlanta compromise, an agreement crafted by Booker T. Washington which provided that Southern blacks would work and submit to white political rule, while Southern whites guaranteed that blacks would receive basic educational and economic opportunities. Instead, Du Bois insisted on full civil rights and increased political representation, which he believed would be brought about by the African American intellectual elite. He referred to this group as the Talented Tenth and believed that African Americans needed the chances for advanced education to develop its leadership. Racism was the main target of Du Bois's polemics, and he strongly protested against lynching, Jim Crow laws, and discrimination in education and employment. His cause included people of color everywhere, particularly Africans and Asians in colonies. He was a proponent of Pan-Africanism and helped organize several Pan-African Congresses to fight for the independence of African colonies from European powers. Du Bois made several trips to Europe, Africa and Asia. After World War I, he surveyed the experiences of American black soldiers in France and documented widespread prejudice in the United States military. Du Bois was a prolific author. His collection of essays, The Souls of Black Folk, was a seminal work in African American literature; and his 1935 magnum opus Black Reconstruction in America challenged the prevailing orthodoxy that blacks were responsible for the failures of the Reconstruction Era. Borrowing a phrase from Frederick Douglass, he popularized the use of the term color line to represent the injustice of the separate but equal doctrine prevalent in American social and political life. He opens The Souls of Black Folk with the central thesis of much of his life's work: "The problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color-line.". He wrote one of the first scientific treatises in the field of American sociology, and he published three autobiographies, each of which contains insightful essays on sociology, politics and history. In his role as editor of the NAACP's journal The Crisis, he published many influential pieces. Du Bois believed that capitalism was a primary cause of racism, and he was generally sympathetic to socialist causes throughout his life. He was an ardent peace activist and advocated nuclear disarmament. The United States' Civil Rights Act, embodying many of the reforms for which Du Bois had campaigned his entire life, was enacted a year after his death. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/black-civil-rights-films-africanamerican-history-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Black Square (Chyornyy Kvadrat) Soviet Russian Art MP4 Download Or DVD

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1879: #BOTD: #HBD! Kazimir Malevich, Russian avant-garde artist and art theorist, whose pioneering work and writing had a profound influence on the development of non-objective, or abstract art, in the 20th century (d. May 15, 1935) is #born Kazimir Severinovich Malevich in Kiev to an ethnic Polish family. Kazimir Malevich's concept of Suprematism sought to develop a form of expression that moved as far as possible from the world of natural forms (objectivity) and subject matter in order to access "the supremacy of pure feeling" and spirituality. Malevich is considered to be part of the Ukrainian avant-garde (together with Alexander Archipenko, Vladimir Tatlin, Sonia Delaunay, Aleksandra Ekster, and David Burliuk) that was shaped by Ukrainian-born artists who worked first in Ukraine and later over a geographical span between Europe and America. Early on, Malevich worked in a variety of styles, quickly assimilating the movements of Impressionism, Symbolism and Fauvism, and after visiting Paris in 1912, Cubism. Gradually simplifying his style, he developed an approach with key works consisting of pure geometric forms and their relationships to one another, set against minimal grounds. His Black Square (1915), a black square on white, represented the most radically abstract painting known to have been created so far and drew "an uncrossable line (_) between old art and new art"; Suprematist Composition: White on White (1918), a barely differentiated off-white square superimposed on an off-white ground, would take his ideal of pure abstraction to its logical conclusion. In addition to his paintings, Malevich laid down his theories in writing, such as "From Cubism and Futurism to Suprematism" (1915) and The Non-Objective World: The Manifesto of Suprematism (1926). Malevich's trajectory in many ways mirrored the tumult of the decades surrounding the October Revolution (O.S.) in 1917. In its immediate aftermath, vanguard movements such as Suprematism and Vladimir Tatlin's Constructivism were encouraged by Trotskyite factions in the government. Malevich held several prominent teaching positions and received a solo show at the Sixteenth State Exhibition in Moscow in 1919. His recognition spread to the West with solo exhibitions in Warsaw and Berlin in 1927. From 1928 to 1930, he taught at the Kyiv Art Institute, with Alexander Bogomazov, Victor Palmov, Vladimir Tatlin and published his articles in a Kharkiv magazine, Nova Generatsia (New Generation). But the start of repression in Ukraine against the intelligentsia forced Malevich return to modern-day Saint Petersburg. From the beginning of the 1930s, modern art was falling out of favor with the new government of Joseph Stalin. Malevich soon lost his teaching position, artworks and manuscripts were confiscated, and he was banned from making art. In 1930, he was imprisoned for two months due to suspicions raised by his trip to Poland and Germany. Forced to abandon abstraction, he painted in a representational style in the years before his death. Nonetheless, his art and his writing influenced contemporaries such as El Lissitzky, Lyubov Popova and Alexander Rodchenko, as well as generations of later abstract artists, such as Ad Reinhardt and the Minimalists. He was celebrated posthumously in major exhibits at the Museum of Modern Art (1936), the Guggenheim Museum (1973) and the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam (1989), which has a large collection of his work. Kazimir Malevich died of cancer at the age of fifty-seven in Leningrad. His friends and disciples buried his ashes in a grave marked with a black square. Atop his grave was built a white cube designed by Nikolai Suetin. He was celebrated posthumously in major exhibits at the Museum of Modern Art (1936), the Guggenheim Museum (1973) and the Stedelijk Museum in Amsterdam (1989), which has a large collection of his work. They didn't fulfill his stated wish to have the grave topped with an "architekton", one of his skyscraper-like maquettes of abstract forms, equipped with a telescope through which visitors were to gaze at Jupiter. His grave was destroyed in Second World War. Todays there is an apartment block on the place of his gravesite. In the 1990s, the ownership claims of museums to many Malevich works began to be disputed by his heirs. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/black-square-dvd-soviet-era-russian-art-aka-chyornyy-kvadrat.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Longest Hatred: Antisemitism & Jewish Persecution DVD, MP4, USB

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1898: Discrimination: Jewish History: The History Of France: Fin De Siecle: Antisemitism: The Dreyfus Affair (French: Affaire Dreyfus): J'accuse...! (French: "I accuse...!") -- Emile Zola is imprisoned in France after writing "J'accuse", a letter accusing the French government of antisemitism and wrongfully imprisoning Captain Alfred Dreyfus. On January 13, 1898, Zola's "J'accuse...!" ("I accuse...!") was published in the newspaper L'Aurore, exposing the Dreyfus Affair; less than a month later, on February 7, 1898, Zola was brought to trial for libel for writing it. Emile Edouard Charles Antoine Zola was a French novelist, playwright, journalist, the best-known practitioner of the literary school of naturalism, and an important contributor to the development of theatrical naturalism. He was a major figure in the political liberalization of France and was nominated for the first and second Nobel Prize in Literature in 1901 and 1902. In his letter "J'accuse...!", Zola addressed President of France Felix Faure and accused the government of anti-Semitism and the unlawful jailing of Alfred Dreyfus, a French Army General Staff officer who was sentenced to lifelong penal servitude for espionage. Zola pointed out judicial errors and lack of serious evidence. The letter was printed on the front page of the newspaper and caused a stir in France and abroad. Zola was prosecuted for libel and found guilty on 23 February 1898. He was sentenced to jail and was removed from the Legion d'honneur, the highest French order of merit for military and civil merits. To avoid jail time, Zola fled to England, and stayed there until the French Government collapsed in 1899 as a result of the sudden death of French President Faure from an apoplectic seizure in the Elysee Palace on 16 February 1899, while engaged in sexual activities in his office with 30-year-old Marguerite Steinheil, a French woman famous for her many love affairs with important men who was later charged with the murder of her husband and mother. Zola continued to defend Dreyfus after his return to France. Four years after this famous letter to the president, Zola died from carbon monoxide poisoning caused by a blocked chimney. On 4 June 1908, Zola's remains were laid to rest in the Pantheon in Paris. As a result of the popularity of the letter, even in the English-speaking world, J'accuse! has become a common generic expression of outrage and accusation against someone powerful. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-longest-hatred-antisemitism-amp-jewish-persecution-dvd-mp3-us3.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: William L. Shirer Radio News Reports 1938-1940 MP3 CD, Download, USB

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1904: #BOTD: #HBD! William L. Shirer, American print and radio journalist, war correspondent, historian and author (d. December 28, 1993) is #born William Lawrence Shirer in Chicago, Illinois. He wrote The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich, a history of Nazi Germany that has been read by many and cited in scholarly works for more than 50 years. Originally a foreign correspondent for the Chicago Tribune and the International News Service, Shirer was the first reporter hired by Edward R. Murrow for what became a CBS radio team of journalists known as "Murrow's Boys". He became known for his broadcasts from Berlin, from the rise of the Nazi dictatorship through the first year of World War II (1940). With Murrow, he organized the first broadcast world news roundup, a format still followed by news broadcasts. Shirer wrote more than a dozen books besides The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich, including Berlin Diary (published in 1941); The Collapse of the Third Republic (1969), which drew on his experience living and working in France from 1925 to 1933; and a three-volume autobiography, 20th Century Journey (1976 to 1990). William L. Shirer died in Boston, Massachusetts at the age of 89. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/william-l-shirer-radio-mp3-cd-world-war-ii-cbs-news-broadcast3.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Return To Hiroshima: The Crew Of The Enola Gay +45 DVD, Download, USB

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1915: #BOTD: #HBD! Paul Tibbets, brigadier general in the United States Air Force, and pilot who flew the Enola Gay (named after his mother) when it dropped Little Boy, the first of two atomic bombs used in warfare, on the Japanese city of Hiroshima (d. November 1, 2007) is #born in Quincy, Illinois, the son of Paul Warfield Tibbets Sr. and his wife, Enola Gay Tibbets. Paul Warfield Tibbets Jr. flew the lead plane in the first American daylight heavy bomber mission against Occupied Europe on August 17, 1942, and the first American raid of more than 100 bombers in Europe on October 9, 1942. Tibbets was chosen to fly Major General Mark W. Clark and Lieutenant General Dwight D. Eisenhower to Gibraltar. Tibbets returned to the United States in February 1943 to help with the development of the Boeing B-29 Superfortress. In September 1944, he was appointed the commander of the 509th Composite Group, which would conduct the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. After the war, he participated in the Operation Crossroads nuclear weapon tests at Bikini Atoll in mid-1946, and was involved in the development of the Boeing B-47 Stratojet in the early 1950s. He commanded the 308th Bombardment Wing and 6th Air Division in the late 1950s, and was military attache in India from 1964 to 1966. After leaving the Air Force in 1966, he worked for Executive Jet Aviation, serving on the founding board and as its president from 1976 until his retirement in 1987. Paul Tibbets died in his Columbus, Ohio, home at the age of 92. He had suffered small strokes and heart failure during his final years and had been in hospice care. He was survived by his French-born wife, Andrea, and two sons from his first marriage, Paul III and Gene as well as his son, James, from his second marriage. Tibbets had asked for no funeral or headstone, because he feared that opponents of the bombing might use it as a place of protest or destruction. In accordance with his wishes, his body was cremated, and his ashes were scattered over the English Channel; he had flown over the Channel many times during the war. Tibbets' grandson Paul W. Tibbets IV became commander of the 393rd Bomb Squadron, flying the B-2 Spirit at Whiteman AFB, Missouri. The squadron was one of the two operational squadrons that had formed part of the 509th Composite Group when Tibbets commanded it. Paul Tibbets IV was promoted to brigadier general in 2014, and became Deputy Director for Nuclear Operations at the Global Operations Directorate of the United States Strategic Command at Offutt Air Force Base in Nebraska. As such, he was responsible for America's strategic nuclear forces. On June 5, 2015, he assumed command of the 509th Bomb Wing. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/return-to-hiroshima-the-crew-of-the-enola-gay-45-d45.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Conspiracies Special Narrated By Joe Frank MP4 Video Download DVD

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1925: #BOTD: #HBD! Louis Stokes, African American attorney, civil rights pioneer, politician and Prince Hall Freemason, 15-term House Of Representatives member representing the east side of Cleveland, founding member and head of the Congressional Black Caucus, first African American congressman elected in the state of Ohio, chairman of the House Select Committee on Assassinations, charged with investigating the murders of President John F. Kennedy and civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr, Cold War-era chairmen of the House Intelligence Committee, first African American on the House Appropriations Committee, father of Angela Stokes, Cleveland Municipal Court judge, father of television journalist and news anchor Lori Stokes, father of television journalist and news anchor Chuck Stokes, brother of Carl B. Stokes, the first African American mayor of a large American city (Cleveland), cousin of funk and R & B musician Rick James (d. August 18, 2015) is #born in Cleveland, Ohio, where he and his brother Carl B. Stokes lived in one of the first federally funded housing projects, the Outhwaite Homes. Stokes attended Central High School and later served in the U.S. Army from 1943 to 1946. After attending Western Reserve University and the Cleveland State University College of Law on the G.I. Bill, Stokes began practicing law in Cleveland in 1953. He argued the "stop and frisk" case of Terry v. Ohio before the United States Supreme Court in 1968. Later in 1968, he was elected to the House, representing the 21st District of Ohio on Cleveland's East Side. He shifted to the newly created 11th District, covering much of the same area following a 1992 redistricting. Stokes served 30 years in total, retiring in 1999. He served on the House committee that investigated the Iran-Contra Affair. As chairman of the House Ethics Committee, Stokes oversaw the committee's investigation of a bribery and corruption scandal known as ABSCAM in 1979-80, an FBI sting operation which eventually led to convictions of one senator and six House members. Recalling Stokes, U.S. Attorney Steven Dettelbach said: "We were in the midst of a huge ... corruption scandal, and public service was taking a public beating. But Lou Stokes was there as a shining beacon of integrity, of excellence and most important of all for us, of justice." In 1971, he was a founding member of the Congressional Black Caucus. In 1992, Stokes ran for president as an Ohio favorite son, winning the delegates from his home district in Ohio, and then, in a minor Democratic convention drama, refused to release the delegate's votes until the Clinton campaign formally asked for them. Following his time in Congress, Stokes became a distinguished visiting professor at the Jack, Joseph and Morton Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences at Case Western Reserve University. He actively served in this role until the time of his death. Stokes was a Prince Hall Freemason, and a member of the Cleveland Alumni chapter of Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity. He married the beautiful and brilliant Jeanette "Jay" Stokes in 1960, when she was 22 years old and he 35, at East Mt. Zion Baptist Church, and she became stepmother to his three young children, whose mother(s) is/are not listed online as of 2023. The Cuyahoga Metropolitan Housing Authority opened the Louis Stokes Museum on September 13, 2007. This museum houses Stokes memorabilia, video interviews, miscellaneous video footage, awards and a written history about Stokes and his rise to prominence. The museum is located at Outhwaite Homes, 4302 Quincy Avenue. From 2006 to 2008, the Western Reserve Historical Society opened an exhibition on the lives of Congressman Stokes and his brother titled "Carl and Louis Stokes: From the Projects to Politics". The exhibit uses photographs, manuscript collections, and personal items to showcase Louis Stokes' rise from the Outhwaite homes, his legal career, and his Congressional service. The former Congressman was inducted into the Karamu House Hall of Fame in 2007 for his contributions to the continued legacy of Cleveland's black settlement house and theatre. Many buildings throughout the country have been named in Stokes honor including: Howard University's medical library, the Cleveland Public Library's main building expansion, and the GCRTA's Windermere station Louis Stokes Station at Windermere. The greater Cleveland area Veteran's hospital was renamed the Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veteran Affairs Medical Center. Building 50 on the campus of the National Institutes of Health is named the Louis Stokes Laboratories. Congressman Stokes' alma mater, Case Western Reserve University, offers the Louis Stokes Congressional Black Caucus Foundation Scholarship worth full tuition to an incoming first-year or transfer undergraduate student. It is intended to help economically and educationally disadvantaged students attain an education at the school. Louis Stokes died of both brain cancer and lung cancer at his home in Cleveland, Ohio at the age of 90. He is interred at Lake View Cemetery in Cleveland. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/conspiracies-special-narrated-by-joe-frank-mp4-video-download-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Birth Of The Bomb: The Manhattan Project DVD, Download, USB Drive

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1941: The European Civil War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater Of World War II): Nuclear Weapons Programs Of The United States: The Manhattan Project (Codename: Development Of Substitute Materials): Chemical Elements: Plutonium (Pu, Pu-238): -- Dr. Glenn T. Seaborg develops the extraction process for Plutonium, the radioactive element ultimately used in the second atomic bomb, Fat Man, which was detonated over the Japanese city of Nagasaki by the United States on August 9, 1945. Plutonium (specifically Pu-238) was first synthesized and isolated at the University of California, Berkeley on December 14, 1940. The Manhattan Project that developed the first atomic bombs during World War II began shortly after the discovery. Producing plutonium in useful quantities for the first time was a major part of the Manhattan Project. The Fat Man bombs used in the Trinity nuclear test in July 1945, and in the bombing of Nagasaki in August 1945, had plutonium cores. Since uranium had been named after the planet Uranus and neptunium after the planet Neptune, element 94 was named after Pluto, which at the time was considered to be a planet as well. Wartime secrecy prevented the University of California team from publishing its discovery until 1948. Plutonium is the element with the highest atomic number to occur in nature. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-birth-of-the-bomb-dvd-the-race-to-build-first-atom-bomb.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Gallant Breed: US Marine Chronicles + 2 Bonuses MP4 Download DVD

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1944: World War II: The Pacific War (The Asia-Pacific War, The Pacific Theater Of World War II): The Pacific Ocean Theater Of World War II: The Gilbert And Marshall Islands Campaign: The Battle Of Eniwetok (Operation Catchpole): -- The US 22nd Marine Regiment and 106th Infantry Regiment achieve a hard-won victory by putting a fighting end to The Battle Of Eniwetok that began on February 17, 1944 on Eniwetok Atoll in the Marshall Islands. The invasion of Eniwetok followed the American success in the Battle Of Kwajalein to the southeast. Capture of Eniwetok would provide an airfield and harbor to support attacks on the Mariana Islands to the northwest. Operation Catchpole was a three-phase operation involving the invasion of the three main islands in the Eniwetok Atoll: Eniwetok, Parry and Engebi. Vice Admiral Raymond Spruance preceded the invasion with Operation Hailstone, a carrier strike against the Japanese base at Truk in the Caroline Islands. This raid destroyed 39 warships and more than 200 planes. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-gallant-breed-dvd-set-3-part-us-marine-history-2-dis32.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: WWII Films: Combat Bulletins And Official War Films DVD, Download, USB

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1945: World War II: The Pacific War (The Asia-Pacific War, The Pacific Theater Of World War II): The Pacific Ocean Theater Of World War II: The Philippines Campaign (1944-1945) (The Philippines Campaign, The Battle Of The Philippines, The Second Philippines Campaign, The Liberation Of The Philippines [Operation Musketeer I, Operation Musketeer II, Operation Musketeer III]): The Battle Of Manila (1945) (The Battle Of Manila): -- The capital of the Philippines, Manila, is liberated by combined Filipino and American forces. The Battle Of Manila (Filipino: Labanan Sa Maynila; Japanese: Manira No Tatakai; February 3 - March 3, 1945) was a major battle of the Philippine campaign of 1944-45, during the Second World War. It was fought by forces from both the United States and the Philippines against Japanese troops in Manila, the capital city of the Philippines. The month-long battle, which resulted in the death of over 100,000 civilians and the complete devastation of the city, was the scene of the worst urban fighting in the Pacific theater. Japanese forces committed mass murder against Filipino civilians during the battle. Along with massive loss of life, the battle also destroyed architectural and cultural heritage dating back to the city's founding, and Manila became one of the most devastated capital cities during the entire war, alongside Berlin and Warsaw. The battle ended the almost three years of Japanese military occupation in the Philippines (1942-1945). The city's capture was marked as General Douglas MacArthur's key to victory in the campaign of reconquest. It is the last of the many battles fought within Manila's history. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/wwii-films-combat-bulletins-and-official-war-films-4-dvd4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Twentieth Century With Walter Cronkite TV Series 10 MP4s / 10 DVDs

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1945: World War II: The Pacific War (The Asia-Pacific War, The Pacific Theater Of World War II): The Pacific Ocean Theater Of World War II: The Philippines Campaign (1944-1945) (The Philippines Campaign, The Battle Of The Philippines, The Second Philippines Campaign, The Liberation Of The Philippines [Operation Musketeer I, Operation Musketeer II, Operation Musketeer III]): The Raid On Los Banos (The Liberation Of Los Banos Internment Camp): -- The 11th Airborne Division, with Filipino guerrillas, free over 2,000 Allied nationals of the Los Banos internment camp established by the Japanese for Allied prisoners of war and civilians at the University of the Philippines College of Agriculture in Los Banos, Philippines, near Manila. On 23 February 1945, US forces of the First Battalion, 511th Parachute Infantry Regiment of the Eleventh Airborne Division led a combined amphibious and airborne raid against the Japanese prison of war camp. It has been celebrated as one of the most successful rescue operations in modern military history. They killed the 250-man Japanese garrison, and in order to hasten the evacuation of civilians from their belongings, US forces and Filipino guerrillas were forced to burn the barracks before Japanese reinforcements would arrive to the area. Only Baker Hall, the armory-gymnasium, remained. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-twentieth-century-with-walter-cronkite-5-dual-layer-dvd5.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: WWII: A History In Pictures JPGs + WWII Art Vid DVD-ROM, Download, USB

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1945: World War II: The Pacific War (The Asia-Pacific War, The Pacific Theater Of World War II): The Pacific Ocean Theater Of World War II: The Volcano And Ryukyu Islands Campaign: The Battle Of Iwo Jima (Operation Detachment): The Raising Of The Flag On Iwo Jima (Japanese: Ioto no Seijoki, "The Stars And Stripes On Ioto") -- A group of United States Marines and a U.S. Navy hospital corpsman reach the top of Mount Suribachi on the island of Iwo Jima and are photographed raising the American flag. The Battle Of Iwo Jima (February 18 - March 26, 1945) was a major battle in which the United States Marine Corps landed on and eventually captured the island of Iwo Jima from the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. The American invasion, designated Operation Detachment, had the goal of capturing the entire island, including the three Japanese-controlled airfields (including the South Field and the Central Field), to provide a staging area for attacks on the Japanese main islands. This five-week battle comprised some of the fiercest and bloodiest fighting of the Pacific War of World War II. After the heavy losses incurred in the battle, the strategic value of the island became controversial. It was useless to the U.S. Army as a staging base and useless to the U.S. Navy as a fleet base. However, Navy Seabees rebuilt the landing strips, which were used as emergency landing strips for USAAF B-29s. The Imperial Japanese Army positions on the island were heavily fortified, with a dense network of bunkers, hidden artillery positions, and 11 miles of underground tunnels. The American ground forces were supported by extensive naval artillery, and had complete air supremacy provided by U.S. Navy and Marine Corps aviators throughout the entire battle. Japanese combat deaths numbered three times the number of American deaths although, uniquely among Pacific War Marine battles, American total casualties exceeded those of the Japanese. Of the 21,000 Japanese soldiers on Iwo Jima at the beginning of the battle, only 216 were taken prisoner, some of whom were captured because they had been knocked unconscious or otherwise disabled. The majority of the remainder were killed in action, although it has been estimated that as many as 3,000 continued to resist within the various cave systems for many days afterwards, eventually succumbing to their injuries or surrendering weeks later. On February 18, 1945, the 133rd Naval Construction Battalion (NCB) of the Seabees joined the Fifth Marine Amphibious Corps and the Fourth Marine Division for the amphibious assault on Iwo Jima. The next day, the entire force landed on Iwo Jima on D-Day with the first assault wave led by the Fourth Marine Division. The 133rd NCHB suffered severe casualties during the fight for Iwo Jima, where it distinguished itself in both front-line combat and construction. The 133rd NCHC had 370 casualties, more than 40 percent of the 875 men that landed, the highest casualties as part of a single battle in Seabee history. Joe Rosenthal's Associated Press photograph of the raising of the U.S. flag on top of the 169 m (554 ft) Mount Suribachi by six U.S. Marines became an iconic image of the battle and the American war effort in the Pacific. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/world-war-ii-jpg-cd-a-history-in-pictures-wwii-photos.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Unknown War: The Great Patriotic War Series WWII USSR DVD MP4 USB

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1945: The European Civil War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater Of World War II): The Eastern Front Of World War II: The Great Patriotic War (The German-Soviet War): The Vistula-Oder Offensive: The Battle Of Poznan (The Battle Of Posen): -- The German garrison in Poznan capitulates to liberating Soviet and Polish forces after a hellacious month-long battle that began on January 24, 1945. The Battle Of Poznan was a massive assault by the Soviet Union's Red Army that had as its objective the elimination of the Nazi German garrison in the stronghold city of Poznan in occupied Poland. The defeat of the German garrison required almost an entire month of painstaking reduction of fortified positions, intense urban combat, and a final assault on the city's citadel by the Red Army, complete with medieval touches. The city of Poznan, then known as Posen, had been part of Prussia since 1815 and later Germany, before being given to Poland with the Treaty of Versailles in 1920. Following the invasion of Poland in 1939, the city lay in the west part of Poland which was annexed by Nazi Germany, with the city being the local capital of Reichsgau Wartheland. By 1945, the Red Army advances on the Eastern Front had driven the Germans out of eastern Poland as far as the Vistula River. The Red Army launched the Vistula-Oder offensive on 12 January 1945, inflicted a huge defeat on the defending German forces, and advanced rapidly into western Poland and eastern Germany. Certain cities which lay on the path of the Soviet advance were declared by Hitler to be Festungen (strongholds), where the garrisons were ordered to mount last-ditch stands. Hitler hoped the Festung cities could hold out behind Soviet lines and interfere with the movement of supplies and lines of communication. Poznan was declared a Festung in January 1945. The city was defended by 15,000-20,000 German troops from a great variety of units including Volkssturm, Luftwaffe ground forces, police, and highly motivated officer candidates. Facing them were the experienced Guards Rifle troops of General V. I Chuikov's 8th Guards Army - the victors of Stalingrad. The defenders made use of some of the surviving Festung Posen fortifications that had been built during Prussian rule in the 19th century. The Fort Winiary citadel stood on a hill to the north of the city centre. Around the perimeter of the city were 18 massively built forts, spaced at intervals of about 2 kilometres in a ring with a radius of about 5 kilometres. General Chuikov described the forts as "underground structures each with several storeys, the whole projecting above the surrounding terrain. Only a mound was visible above ground -- the layer of earth covering the rest. Each fort was ringed by a ditch ten metres wide and eight metres deep, with walls revetted with brickwork. Across the ditch was a bridge, leading to one of the upper storeys. Among the forts, to the rear, there were one-storey brick bunkers. These were clad in concrete almost a full metre thick, and were used as stores. The upper works of the forts were sufficiently strong to provide reliable protection against heavy artillery fire. ...the enemy would be able to direct fire of all kinds against us both on the approaches to the forts and within them, on the rampart. The embrasures were such that flanking fire from rifles and machine-guns could be directed from them." Poznan lay on the main route between Warsaw and Berlin, and in German hands, it was a serious obstacle to any Soviet operation against the German capital. Thus, the Red Army had to clear the city of German troops before the final assaults designed to capture Berlin and end the war could begin. On 21 January 1945 the Soviet 1st Guards Tank Army forced a crossing of the Warta River north of the city, but by 24 January these bridgeheads had been abandoned in favor of better bridgeheads south of Poznan. Meanwhile, Red Army tank units had swept north and south of the city, capturing hundreds of German aircraft in the process. Moving further west, the Soviet tank units left the capture of the city to other Red Army forces. By 25 January, the Soviet 8th Guards Army had arrived and began a systematic reduction of the fortress. The following day, two of Poznan's forts in the south fell to a hasty assault conducted by the 27th and 74th Guards Rifle Divisions. This initial success allowed Chuikov's troops to penetrate the ring of forts and attack other forts from inside the city. On 28 January, the German high command relieved Generalmajor Ernst Mattern as the fortress commander and replaced him with a dedicated Nazi, Generalmajor Ernst Gonell. Gonell imposed draconian discipline on the German garrison. In some instances, German troops attempting to surrender were shot by their own side. Ultimately, the reduction of Festung Posen consumed the efforts of four divisions from Chuikov's army and two divisions of Colonel-General V. Ia. Kolpakchi's 69th Army. The 117th and 312th Rifle Divisions of the 91st Rifle Corps of 69th Army were deployed on the east side of the city. To the north, the 39th Guards Rifle Division of Chuikov's 28th Guards Rifle Corps, and to the south, Chuikov's 29th Guards Rifle Corps composed of the 27th, 74th, and 82nd Guards Rifle Divisions were arrayed against the Festung. By the southwestern suburb of Junikowo, the 11th Guards Tank Corps took up positions to block any German attempt at retreat. In bitter combat that saw the outlying forts reduced and city blocks seized, the Soviets succeeded in pushing the German defenders towards the city center and the citadel. By the beginning of February 1945, most of the city had been captured, and by 12 February, the Germans held only the imposing citadel. Generalmajor Gonell had previously believed that other German forces would attack and relieve his besieged forces, but by 15 February came to the realization that this was not going to happen. Incensed, he ordered his troops that were east of the Warta River to attempt to break out, and some 2,000 German soldiers managed to infiltrate the Red Army lines and head west on the following night. Arrayed against the citadel was the 29th Guards Rifle Corps, with the 27th Guards Rifle Division on the north, the 82nd Guards Rifle Division on the southwest, and the 74th Guards Rifle Division on the southeast. The final Soviet assault on the citadel started on 18 February. Before the Red Army troops lay a deep ditch matched by a steep rampart on the far side. In an odd echo of medieval warfare, the Soviet forces used ladders to cross this obstacle but found themselves swept by fire from the citadel's redoubts. These redoubts took the better part of three days to neutralize; one was silenced by flamethrowers and explosives, the other's line of fire was blocked by debris thrown in front of the firing ports by exasperated Soviet troops. Having built an assault bridge, Red Army tanks and assault guns crossed into the main grounds of the citadel early on 22 February, commencing the final struggle for the old fortress. At this point, Generalmajor Gonell gave his troops permission to attempt to escape, but it was too late. Gonell refused to be captured and committed suicide by lying down on a flag and shooting himself in the head. That evening, Generalmajor Mattern, once again in charge of the German forces, surrendered the remaining 12,000 German soldiers to General Chuikov. On the evening of 22 February, Colonel-General Chuikov was informed by General Bakanov, commander of the 74th Guards Rifle Division, that the citadel's garrison had surrendered. Fifteen minutes later he met General Mattern who Chuikov described as "an incredibly stout man". Mattern squeezed his frame through the door puffing and snorting and "regaining his breath handed me a note from (the now deceased) General Konnel asking the Soviet commander General Bakanov to take care of the German wounded. 'Where is Konnel?' I asked. 'He shot himself.' When asked how he himself felt, General Mattern shrugged; 'It's all the same to me. I'm not a member of the Nazi Party and I would not have shed blood needlessly knowing that resistance was pointless. Hitler is finished'." The Germans held out in Poznan for almost a month. Doubtlessly, their possession of the city complicated Soviet resupply efforts, but other influences had also convinced the Stavka to pause the Red Army advance at the Oder River instead of attempting to push on to Berlin in February 1945. The battle left over half (90% in the city center) of Poznan severely damaged by artillery fire and the effects of infantry combat in the city blocks. The battle definitively reduced the old Prussian fortress system which today stands mostly as monuments to an earlier military era. Finally, the outcome of the battle simplified Soviet resupply efforts between Warsaw and the Oder River. Over 5,000 German troopers who fell in the battle are buried at Milostowo cemetery. The Soviets are estimated to have lost over 12,000 men by the battle's midpoint around 3 February 1945. Today, the Poznan Citadel site is a large park, in which are situated the remains of some of the fortifications, a memorial to the Red Army and one for the Cytadelowcy (the some 2000 local Poles, under Polish and Soviet officers, conscripted as assault or 'sapper' troops for the assault on Fort Winiary towards the end of the battle), military cemeteries, and a military museum containing exhibits relating to the 1945 battle. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/the-unknown-war-complete-tv-series-soviet-union-wwii-10-dvd-s10.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Stormin' Norman Schwarzkopf Documentaries Set MP4 Video Download DVD

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1991: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: The Gulf War (The Persian Gulf War, Gulf War I): Operation Desert Storm: -- Following Saddam Hussein's refusal to comply with U.S. President George H. W. Bush's 24-hour ultimatum for Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait, the Coalition ground offensive begins after a devastating month long air campaign targeting Iraqi troops in Iraq and Kuwait, immediately resulting in the capture of 500 Iraqi soldiers. The next day, February 24, British and American armored forces crossed the Iraq-Kuwait border in large numbers and entered Iraq, taking hundreds of prisoners. Iraqi resistance was light, and four Americans were killed. Shortly afterwards, the US VII Corps, in full strength and spearheaded by the 2nd Armored Cavalry Regiment, launched an armored attack into Iraq early on February 24, just to the west of Kuwait, surprising Iraqi forces. Simultaneously, the US XVIII Airborne Corps launched a sweeping "left-hook" attack across southern Iraq's largely undefended desert, led by the US 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment and the 24th Infantry Division (Mechanized). This movement's left flank was protected by the French Division Daguet. The 101st Airborne Division conducted a combat air assault into enemy territory. The 101st Airborne Division had struck 249 km (155 mi) behind enemy lines. It was the deepest air assault operation in history. Approximately 400 helicopters transported 2,000 soldiers into Iraq where they destroyed Iraqi columns trying to flee westward and prevented the escape of Iraqi forces. The 101st Airborne Division travelled a further 80 to 100 km (50 to 60 mi) into Iraq. By nightfall, the 101st cut off Highway 8 which was a vital supply line running between Basra and the Iraqi forces. The 101st had lost 16 soldiers in action during the 100-hour war and captured thousands of enemy prisoners of war. The French force quickly overcame Iraq's 45th Infantry Division, suffering light casualties and taking a large number of prisoners, and took up blocking positions to prevent an Iraqi counterattack on the coalition's flank. The movement's right flank was protected by the United Kingdom's 1st Armoured Division. Once the allies had penetrated deep into Iraqi territory, they turned eastward, launching a flank attack against the elite Republican Guard before it could escape. The Iraqis resisted fiercely from dug-in positions and stationary vehicles, and even mounted armored charges. Unlike many previous engagements, the destruction of the first Iraqi tanks did not result in a mass surrender. The Iraqis suffered massive losses and lost dozens of tanks and vehicles, while US casualties were comparatively low, with a single Bradley knocked out. Coalition forces pressed another 10 km (6.2 mi) into Iraqi territory, and captured their objective within three hours. They took 500 prisoners and inflicted heavy losses, defeating Iraq's 26th Infantry Division. A US soldier was killed by an Iraqi land mine, another five by friendly fire, and 30 wounded during the battle. Meanwhile, British forces attacked Iraq's Medina Division and a major Republican Guard logistics base. In nearly two days of some of the war's most intense fighting, the British destroyed 40 enemy tanks and captured a division commander. Meanwhile, US forces attacked the village of Al Busayyah, meeting fierce resistance. The US force destroyed military hardware and took prisoners, while suffering no casualties. On February 25, 1991, Iraqi forces fired a Scud missile at an American barracks in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia. The missile attack killed 28 US military personnel. The coalition's advance was much swifter than US generals had expected. On February 26, Iraqi troops began retreating from Kuwait, after they had set 737 of its oil wells on fire. A long convoy of retreating Iraqi troops formed along the main Iraq-Kuwait highway. Although they were retreating, this convoy was bombed so extensively by coalition air forces that it came to be known as the Highway of Death. Thousands of Iraqi troops were killed. American, British, and French forces continued to pursue retreating Iraqi forces over the border and back into Iraq, eventually moving to within 240 km (150 mi) of Baghdad, before withdrawing back to Iraq's border with Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. The Gulf War (August 2, 1990 - February 28, 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Shield (August 2, 1990 - January 17, 1991) for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia, and Operation Desert Storm (January 17, 1991 - February 28, 1991) in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait. The war is also known under other names, such as the Persian Gulf War, First Gulf War, Gulf War I, Kuwait War, First Iraq War or Iraq War, before the term "Iraq War" became identified instead with the 2003 Iraq War. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/norman-schwarzkopf-biography-mp4-video-download-dv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Hell On Earth: The Kuwaiti Oil Fires Documentary Set MP4 Download DVD

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1991: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: The Gulf War (The Persian Gulf War, Gulf War I): Operation Desert Storm: The Kuwaiti Oil Fires: -- The number of oil fires peak between February 22 and 24, when the allied ground offensive began. As part of a scorched earth policy while retreating from Kuwait in 1991 due to advancing Coalition military forces, about 605 to 732 oil wells were set on fire, along with an unspecified number of oil filled low-lying areas, such as oil lakes and fire trenches, between January and February 1991. The first oil well fires were extinguished in early April 1991, with the last well capped on November 6, 1991. The Gulf War (August 2, 1990 - February 28, 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Shield (August 2, 1990 - January 17, 1991) for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia, and Operation Desert Storm (January 17, 1991 - February 28, 1991) in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait. The war is also known under other names, such as the Persian Gulf War, First Gulf War, Gulf War I, Kuwait War, First Iraq War or Iraq War, before the term "Iraq War" became identified instead with the 2003 Iraq War. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT! https://store.earthstation1.com/hell-on-earth-the-kuwaiti-oil-fires-dvd-mp4-download-usb-flash-driv4.html

Today's EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Props And Jets: Giants: History's Largest Aircraft MP4 Download Or DVD

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 2022: The Aftermath Of The Cold War: The Second Cold War (Cold War II, The New Cold War): The Dissolution Of The Soviet Union: Conflicts In The Territories Of The Former Soviet Union: The Russo-Ukrainian War: The 2022 Russian Invasion Of Ukraine: The Battle Of Antonov Airport (The Battle Of Hostomel Airport): -- The world's only completed Antonov An-225 Mriya strategic airlift cargo aircraft, the largest and heaviest aircraft ever built, is destroyed in an attack by Russian special operations forces. The Antonov An-225 Mriya (Ukrainian: lit. "Dream" or "Inspiration"; NATO reporting name: Cossack) was designed by the Antonov Design Bureau in the Ukrainian SSR within the Soviet Union during the 1980s. It was powered by six turbofan engines and was the heaviest aircraft ever built, with a maximum takeoff weight of 640 tonnes (710 short tons; 630 long tons). It also had the largest wingspan of any aircraft in operational service. The single example built had the Ukrainian civil registration UR-82060. A second airframe with a slightly different configuration was partially built. Its construction was halted in 1994 because of lack of funding and interest, but revived briefly in 2009, bringing it to 60-70% completion. The single completed aircraft's last commercial mission was from February 2 to 5, 2022, to collect almost 90 tons of COVID-19 test kits from Tianjin, China and deliver them to Billund in Denmark, via Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan. From there, it returned on February 5 to its base at Antonov Airport in Hostomel, where it underwent an engine swap. On the advice of NATO it was prepared for evacuation, scheduled for the morning of February 24, but on that day Russia invaded, with the airfield being one of their first targets. A ban on civilian flights was quickly enacted by Ukrainian authorities. During the ensuing Battle Of Antonov Airport, the runway was rendered unusable. On February 24, the An-225 was said to be intact. On February 27, a photo was posted on Twitter of an object tentatively identified as the An-225 on fire in its hangar. A report by the Ukrainian edition of Radio Liberty stated that the airplane was destroyed during the Battle Of Antonov Airport, which was repeated by Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba and by Ukroboronprom, Antonov's parent organisation. The Antonov company initially refused to confirm or deny the reports, and said it was still investigating them. Also on February 27, a press release by Ukroboronprom stated that the An-225 had been destroyed by Russian forces. Several other aircraft were in the same hangar as the An-225 at the time of its destruction, and were also destroyed or damaged during the battle; these include a Hungarian-registered Cessna 152, which was crushed by the An-225's left wingtip after the latter fell on top of it. Ukroboronprom said that they planned to rebuild the plane at the Russians' expense. The statement said: "The restoration is estimated to take over 3 billion USD and over five years. Our task is to ensure that these costs are covered by the Russian Federation, which has caused intentional damage to Ukraine's aviation and the air cargo sector." The Ukrainian government also said that it would be rebuilt. On March 1, a new photograph, taken since the initial conflict, was tentatively identified as the tail of the aircraft protruding from its hangar, suggesting that it remained at least partly intact, however, further evidence proved to show that the aircraft is inoperable due to the extreme damage it sustained. On March 3, a video circulated on social media, showing the aircraft burning inside the hangar alongside several Russian trucks, confirming its likely destruction. Nonetheless, Antonov stated again that until the aircraft is inspected by experts, its official status could not be fully known. On March 4, footage on Russian state television Channel One showed the first clear ground images of the destroyed aircraft, with much of the front section missing. Following Russia's withdrawal from northern Ukraine, the second unfinished aircraft airframe was reported to be intact, despite Russian artillery strikes on the hangar housing it at the Antonov factory at Sviatoshyn airfield. Major Dmytro Antonov, the pilot of the An-225, alleged on March 19, 2022 that Antonov Airlines knew that an invasion was imminent for quite some time, but did nothing to prevent the loss of the aircraft. In his YouTube channel, Dmytro accused the management of the company of not doing enough to prevent the destruction of the aircraft, after having been advised by NATO to move the aircraft (ready to fly status) to Leipzig, Germany, in advance. Multiple Antonov staff have denied his allegations.On April 1, drone footage of Hostomel Airport showed the destroyed Mriya, with the forward fuselage completely burned and destroyed, but with the wings partly intact. Investigations into rebuilding the An-225 are being undertaken, including the possibilities of cannibalising the second, incomplete An-225, or salvaging the remnants of the first plane to finish the second. However, there are several obstacles to rebuilding. Many of the aircraft's Soviet-made components were from the 1980s and are no longer made. Engineers quote a price of 350-500M USD, although there is uncertainty regarding whether or not it would be commercially viable and worth the cost. However, Andrii Sovenko, a former An-225 pilot and aviation author, said "It's impossible to talk about the repair or restoration of this aircraft -- we can only talk about the construction of another Mriya, using individual components that can be salvaged from the wreckage and combining them with those that were, back in the 1980s, intended for the construction of a second aircraft." On May 20, 2022, Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy announced his intentions to complete the second An-225, to replace the destroyed aircraft and as a tribute to all the Ukrainian pilots killed during the war. In November 2022, Antonov confirmed plans to rebuild the aircraft at an estimated cost of 500M USD. The company did not state whether parts from the wrecked aircraft and the incomplete airframe would be combined to create a new flying aircraft or where funding might come from. 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Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: TV Commercials: The Cable Age Classics III DVD, Download, USB Drive

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23: National Tile Day: -- Today we celebrate the aesthetic pleasure of the superb craftsmanship and creativity of the tile industry. Did you know that tiles have existed for thousands of years? Yes, mostly ceramic, mosaic, and stone tiles, and they have evolved into the many varieties so many of us crave today. Tiles are timeless elements of architectural endeavors and design. Seeing them on the walls, floors, and roofs provides aesthetic pleasure, and they have become inseparable from architecture and designs in all spheres, both domestic and public. More than that, tiles can be used for flooring all through the house. Kitchens, bathroom, toilet, sitting room; every room in the house can have tiles on the floor to provide a strong, durable, and beautiful flooring. There are many types of tiles, from ceramic, porcelain, and glass to marble, granite, and other natural stone tiles, and many others. The use of tiles in history began in ancient Egypt several millennia back, and they were used for decorative purposes. They were mostly found in murals, mosaics, and various other designs. The Egyptians had already begun using blue brick tiles to decorate their homes around the fourth millennium B.C., and glazed brick tiles were common in Mesopotamia also, as found on the famous Ishtar Gate in Babylon, which was tiled and decorated with lions, bulls, and dragons. The Islamic empires are given credit for the spread of ceramic tiles as wall coverings, and then the Chinese via their access to the silk trade routes. Today, tiles exist all over the world, gracing the walls and floors of millions of structures. They have evolved to different designs, patterns, and arrangements that are beautiful and pleasing to the sight, and National Tile Day exists as a moment to celebrate this wonderful, awe-inspiring craftsmanship. https://store.earthstation1.com/tv-commercials-the-cable-age-classics-iii-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Portraits Of American Presidents Nos. 1-42 TV Series MP4 Download DVD

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1848: #DOTD: #RIP: John Quincy Adams, American lawyer, politician and statesman, 6th President of the United States from 1825 to 1829 at the peak of a political career during which he served in various capacities as diplomat, United States Senator, United States Secretary Of State, and U.S. Representative from Massachusetts (b. July 11, 1767) #dies aged 80 of the effects of a massive cerebral hemorrhage at 7:20 p.m. in the Speaker's Room inside the Capitol Building in Washington, D.C. with his wife at his side and freshmen Illinois representative Abraham Lincoln present; his only living child, Charles Francis, did not arrive in time to see his father alive. His last words were "This is the last of Earth. I am content". Two days prior, on February 21, 1848, the House of Representatives was discussing the matter of honoring United States Army officers who served in the Mexican-American War. Adams had been a vehement critic of the war, and as Congressmen rose up to say, "Aye!" in favor of the measure, he instead yelled, "No!" He rose to answer a question put forth by Speaker of the House Robert Charles Winthrop. Immediately thereafter, Adams collapsed from his brain hemorrhage. John Quincy Adams was born in Braintree, Massachusetts, the eldest son of second president John Adams (served 1797-1801) and his wife, Abigail Adams. Initially a Federalist like his father, he successively joined the Jeffersonian Democratic-Republican, National Republican, Anti-Masonic, and Whig parties. Adams's commitment to U.S. republican values shaped early American foreign policy. As a diplomat, Adams played an important role in negotiating key treaties, including the Treaty Of Ghent, which ended the War Of 1812 (1812-1815). As Secretary Of State under fifth president James Monroe, he negotiated with Great Britain in 1818 over the United States' northern border with Canada, negotiated the Adams-Onis Treaty with Spain, which allowed for the annexation of Florida, and drafted the "Monroe Doctrine". Historians generally concur that he was one of the greatest diplomats and secretaries of state in American history. Biographer Samuel Flagg Bemis argues that Adams was able to "gather together, formulate, and practice the fundamentals of American foreign-policy - self-determination, independence, noncolonization, nonintervention, nonentanglement in European politics, Freedom of the Seas, [and] freedom of commerce." Adams was elected president in a close and controversial four-way contest in 1824. As president, he sought to promote education and to modernize the American economy under an economic policy known as the American System, rooted in the American School ideas of Alexander Hamilton, a plan that Senator Henry Clay, the plan's foremost proponent, said "consisted of three mutually reinforcing parts: a tariff to protect and promote American industry; a national bank to foster commerce; and federal subsidies for roads, canals, and other 'internal improvements' to develop profitable markets for agriculture". Adams enacted part of his agenda and paid off much of the national debt. However, he was stymied time and again by a hostile Congress, and his lack of patronage networks helped politicians sabotage him. He lost his 1828 bid for re-election to Andrew Jackson. Recent historians have portrayed him as a moral leader during an era of modernization when new modes of communication spread messages of religious revival, social reform, and party politics, and when improved transportation moved goods, money, and people more rapidly. He is generally ranked as an above-average president. After leaving the presidency in 1829, Adams was elected U.S. Representative from Massachusetts, serving for the last seventeen years of his life with greater acclaim than he had achieved as president. Animated by his growing revulsion against slavery, Adams became a leading opponent of the Slave Power. Adams predicted the Union's dissolution over slavery, and felt that in such a crisis the president could abolish slavery by using his war powers. Adams also became a critic of the annexation of Texas and of the Mexican-American War, which he saw as an aggressive war for territory. After serving just one term as President, he served 17 years as a member of Congress. He died in 1848 while in the House of Representatives in the same room in which he had taken the presidential Oath of Office. He was the the first president whose father had also been president. https://store.earthstation1.com/portraits-of-american-presidents-nos-142-tv-series-mp4-download1424.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Music Documentaries IV Moods & Music Code & Cypher MP4 DVD USB

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1934: #DOTD: #RIP: Edward Elgar, English composer and academic (b. June 2, 1857) #dies of inoperable colorectal cancer at the age of seventy-six in Worcester, Worcestershire, England. Although he was a devout Roman Catholic, he told his consulting doctor, Arthur Thomson, that he had no faith in an afterlife: "I believe there is nothing but complete oblivion". He is buried next to his wife at St Wulstan's Roman Catholic Church in Little Malvern. Sir Edward William Elgar, 1st Baronet's many of whose works have entered the British and international classical concert repertoire. Among his best-known compositions are orchestral works including the Enigma Variations, the Pomp and Circumstance Marches, concertos for violin and cello, and two symphonies. He also composed choral works, including The Dream of Gerontius, chamber music and songs. He was appointed Master of the King's Musick in 1924. Although Elgar is often regarded as a typically English composer, most of his musical influences were not from England but from continental Europe. He felt himself to be an outsider, not only musically, but socially. In musical circles dominated by academics, he was a self-taught composer; in Protestant Britain, his Roman Catholicism was regarded with suspicion in some quarters; and in the class-conscious society of Victorian and Edwardian Britain, he was acutely sensitive about his humble origins even after he achieved recognition. He nevertheless married the daughter of a senior British army officer. She inspired him both musically and socially, but he struggled to achieve success until his forties, when after a series of moderately successful works his Enigma Variations (1899) became immediately popular in Britain and overseas. He followed the Variations with a choral work, The Dream of Gerontius (1900), based on a Roman Catholic text that caused some disquiet in the Anglican establishment in Britain, but it became, and has remained, a core repertory work in Britain and elsewhere. His later full-length religious choral works were well received but have not entered the regular repertory. In his fifties, Elgar composed a symphony and a violin concerto that were immensely successful. His second symphony and his cello concerto did not gain immediate public popularity and took many years to achieve a regular place in the concert repertory of British orchestras. Elgar's music came, in his later years, to be seen as appealing chiefly to British audiences. His stock remained low for a generation after his death. It began to revive significantly in the 1960s, helped by new recordings of his works. Some of his works have, in recent years, been taken up again internationally, but the music continues to be played more in Britain than elsewhere. Elgar has been described as the first composer to take the gramophone seriously. Between 1914 and 1925, he conducted a series of acoustic recordings of his works. The introduction of the moving-coil microphone in 1923 made far more accurate sound reproduction possible, and Elgar made new recordings of most of his major orchestral works and excerpts from The Dream of Gerontius. https://store.earthstation1.com/music-documentaries-iv-dvd-moods-amp-music-code-amp-cypher.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Laurel And Hardy Documentaries Collection DVD, Download, USB Drive

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1965: #DOTD: #RIP: Stan Laurel, English comic actor, writer and film director, who was part of the comedy duo Laurel and Hardy (b. June 16, 1890) #dies in Santa Monica, California aged 74, four days after suffering a heart attack. He told his nurse that he would not mind going skiing, and she replied that she was not aware that he was a skier. "I'm not," said Laurel, "I'd rather be doing that than getting all these needles stuck in me!" A few minutes later he died quietly in his armchair. At his funeral service at Church of the Hills, Buster Keaton said, "Chaplin wasn't the funniest. I wasn't the funniest; this man was the funniest." Dick Van Dyke gave the eulogyas a friend, protege, and occasional impressionist of Laurel during his later years; he read The Clown's Prayer": ========= As I stumble through this life, help me to create more laughter than tears, dispense more happiness than gloom, spread more cheer than despair. Never let me become so indifferent, that I will fail to see the wonders in the eyes of a child, or the twinkle in the eyes of the aged. Never let me forget that my total effort is to cheer people, make them happy, and forget momentarily, all the unpleasantness in their lives. And in my final moment, may I hear You whisper: "When you made My people smile, you made Me smile." Occasionally the following verse is inserted between the third and fourth verses above: Never let me acquire success to the point that I discontinue calling on my Creator in the hour of need, Acknowledging and thanking Him in the hour of plenty. (Clowns International hosts a service every year on the first Sunday in February at The Clowns' Church in London, and they recite a version of the Clown's Prayer then.) ========= Laurel had quipped, "If anyone at my funeral has a long face, I'll never speak to him again." He is interred in Forest Lawn-Hollywood Hills Cemetery. Stan Laurel was born Arthur Stanley Jefferson in his grandparents' house on in Argyle Street, Ulverston, Lancashire, North West England to Arthur J. Jefferson, an actor and theatre manager from Bishop Auckland, County Durham, northern England, and Margaret (nee Metcalfe), an actress from Ulverston. Stan Laurel appeared with his comedy partner Oliver Hardy in 107 short films, feature films, and cameo roles. Laurel began his career in music hall, where he appropriated a number of his standard comic devices: the bowler hat, the deep comic gravity and the nonsensical understatement. His performances polished his skills at pantomime and music hall sketches. Laurel was a member of "Fred Karno's Army", where he was Charlie Chaplin's understudy. With Chaplin, the two arrived in the United States on the same ship from the United Kingdom with the Karno troupe. Laurel began his film career in 1917 and made his final appearance in 1951. From 1928 onwards, he appeared exclusively with Hardy. Laurel officially retired from the screen following his comedy partner's death in 1957. In 1961, Laurel was given a Lifetime Achievement Academy Award for his pioneering work in comedy. He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 7021 Hollywood Blvd. Laurel and Hardy ranked top among best double acts and seventh overall in a 2005 UK poll to find the Comedians' Comedian. In 2009, a bronze statue of the duo was unveiled in Laurel's home town of Ulverston. While Stan Laurel's partner, Oliver Hardy, was initiated into Freemasonry at Solomon Lodge No. 20 in Jacksonville, Florida, Stan Laurel was not a Freemason, though his father was. Laurel was, however, inducted into the Grand Order Of Water Rats, a quasi-Masonic organization with Masonic roots, along with Stan Laurel, an organization which in large part inspired their movie Sons Of The Desert and the appreciation society for Oliver and Hardy films that sprang from that movie. https://store.earthstation1.com/laurel-and-hardy-documentaries-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Secret Of The Templars Series + Bonus Title MP4 Video Download DVD

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 2022: #DOTD: #RIP: Henry Lincoln, British author, television presenter, scriptwriter, and actor (b. February 12, 1930) #dies in Rennes-les-Bains, near Rennes-le-Chateau, at the age of 92. His burial details have not been disclosed ;) . He was the last living person to have written for Doctor Who in the 1960s. Henry Lincoln was born Henry Soskin in London, England. He co-wrote three Doctor Who multi-part serials in the 1960s, and - starting in the 1970s - inspired three Chronicle BBC Two documentaries on the alleged mysteries surrounding the French village of Rennes-le-Chateau (on which he was writer and presenter) - and, from the 1980s, co-authored and authored a series of books of which The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail was the most popular, becoming the inspiration for Dan Brown's 2003 best-selling novel, The Da Vinci Code. https://store.earthstation1.com/seofteseboti.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The American Adventure: TV History Series 1607-1876 DVD MP4 USB Drive

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1847: The Mexican-American War (The Mexican War): The Battle of Buena Vista (The Battle Of La Angostura, The Battle Of Buena Vista/La Angostura): -- American troops under future president General Zachary Taylor defeat Mexican General Antonio Lopez De Santa Anna. The Battle of Buena Vista (February 22-23, 1847) was fought between a largely volunteers U.S. force against a much larger Mexican Army. It took place near Buena Vista, a village in the state of Coahuila, about 12 km (7.5 mi) south of Saltillo, Mexico. La Angostura ("the narrow place") was the local name for the site. The outcome of the battle was is a contenious matter, with both sides claiming victory. Santa Anna's forces withdrew with war trophies of cannons and flags, but they left the field to surprised U.S. forces, who had expected there to be another day of hard fighting. Santa Anna had chosen to begin the battle the day prior, not apparently aware that February 22 was George Washington's birthday, a fact which galvanized patriotic sentiment among the U.S. forces. A more inopportune moment could not have been selected by Santa Anna. A captured U.S. soldier reported that the Mexicans found it hard to believe that General Washington had not been leading the troops himself -- even though Washington had already been dead for nearly fifty years. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-american-adventure-series-us-1st-century-4-dv14.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Salvadoran Civil War (1990 Documentary) MP4 Video Download DVD

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1990: #DOTD: Jose Napoleon Duarte, Salvadoran engineer and politician, mayor of San Salvador before running a losing race for the presidency in 1972 in an election widely viewed as fraudulent, leader of El Salvador's civil-military Junta from 1980 to 1982 following its 1979 coup d'etat, elected president in 1984 after defeating the center-right ARENA party leader Roberto D'Aubuisson, President of El Salvador from June 1, 1984 to June 1, 1989 (b. November 23, 1925) #dies of stomach cancer in El Salvador's capital city of San Salvador, aged 64. He is buried in Jardines Del Recuerdo Cemetery in San Salvador. Jose Napoleon Duarte was born Jose Napoleon Duarte Fuentes in the city of Santa Ana, Santa Ana department, El Salvador. Supported by the American Reagan Administration and the Central Intelligence Agency, his time in office occurred during the worst years of The Salvadoran Civil War, which saw numerous abuses and massacres of the civilian population by the Salvadoran security forces and the death squads linked to them. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-salvadoran-civil-war-1990-documentary-mp4-video-download-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Aelita: Queen Of Mars 1924 Landmark USSR Sci-Fi DVD, MP4, USB Drive

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1945: #DOTD: #RIP: Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy (Russian: Alexey Nikolaevich Tolstoy), nicknamed the Comrade Count or The Red Count, Russian and Soviet Nazi war crimes researcher, journalist, author, novelist and poet who wrote in many genres but specialized in science fiction and historical novels (b. January 10, 1883 [O.S. December 29, 1882]) #dies of cancer in Moscow, aged 62, and was buried at Novodevichy Cemetery. He was born in Pugachyov, Samara Governorate (then Nikolaevsk), Russian Empire, the son of Count Nikolay Alexandrovich Tolstoy (1849-1900) and Alexandra Leontievna Turgeneva (1854-1906). His mother was a grand-niece of Nikolay Turgenev, an early Russian Imperial economist and political theoretician who gained renown for his Essay on the Theory of Taxation (1818) and Russia and the Russians (1847), who co-founded several reformist societies, notably the Northern Society of the Decembrists, responsible for the Decembrist Revolt of December 26 , 1825 [O.S. December 14, 1825) over the accession of Power by Nicholas I of Russia after the death of Alexander I of Russia. Aleksey Nikolayevich, his mother and Nikolay Turgenev were all relatives of the renowned Russian writer Ivan Turgenev, and Aleksey's father belonged to the Tolstoy family of Russian nobles and was a remote relative of Leo Tolstoy. During World War II Aleksey Nikolayevich Tolstoy served on the Extraordinary State Commission (CHGK) of 1942-1947 which "ascertained without reasonable doubt" the mass extermination of people in gas vans by the German occupiers. During the Nuremberg Trials of Nazi war criminals, Soviet prosecutors recognized his work in the investigation of atrocities committed in the Stavropol region. Tolstoy is credited with having produced some of the earliest works of science fiction in the Russian language. His novels Aelita (1923) about a journey to Mars and The Hyperboloid of Engineer Garin (1927) have gained immense public popularity. The former spawned a pioneering sci-fi movie in 1924. His supernatural short story, Count Cagliostro, reportedly inspired the 1984 film Formula of Love. He penned several books for children, starting with Nikita's Childhood, a memorable account of his early years (the book is sometimes mistakenly believed to be about his son, Nikita; in truth, however, he only used the name because it was his favorite - and he would later give it to his eldest son). In 1936, he created an adaptation of the famous Italian fairy tale about Pinocchio entitled the Adventures of Buratino or The Golden Key, whose main character, Buratino, quickly became hugely popular among the Soviet populace. In 1974, a minor planet was discovered by Soviet astronomer Lyudmila Zhuravlyova and named after him, 3771 Alexejtolstoj. https://store.earthstation1.com/aelita-queen-of-mars-dvd-1924-soviet-scifi-1924.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Russian Revolution DVD, MP4 Video Download, USB Flash Drive

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23: Russian Day Of Military Honour: Defender Of The Fatherland Day: -- A state holiday first celebrated in 1919 to mark the date in 1918 during the Russian Civil War when the first mass draft into the Red Army occurred in Petrograd and Moscow on February 17. In January 1919, it was decided to combine the celebration of that day with the anniversary of the publication of the decree on the establishment of the Red Army of February 18, 1918. In 1919, February 17 fell on a Monday, so it was decided to move the holiday to the nearest Sunday: February 23. Since then it stayed that day. It was originally known as "Red Army Day". In 1923, it was officially named Day of the Red Army and the Navy. In 1949, it was renamed Soviet Army and Navy Day. Following the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, the holiday was given its current name, Defender Of The Fatherland Day, in 2002 by Russian President Vladimir Putin, who decreed it a state holiday in Russia. Defender Of The Fatherland Day is a holiday observed in Russia, Turkmenistan, Belarus, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan and Tajikistan. It is celebrated on February 23, except in Kazakhstan, where it is celebrated on May 7. The Days Of Military Honour are special memorable dates in the Russian Armed Forces dedicated to the most outstanding victories won by Russia. Some of these dates are state holidays but the majority of them is celebrated purely in the military. https://store.earthstation1.com/great-days-of-the-century-the-russian-revolution-dvd.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Twisted Cross: Hitler & Nazism's Rise & Fall DVD, MP4, USB Drive

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1930: #DOTD: Horst Wessel, Berlin Sturmfuehrer ("Assault Leader", the lowest commissioned officer rank) of the Sturmabteilung (SA), the Nazi Party's Stormtroopers, Street Cell Leader of the Alexanderplatz Storm Section of the SA, best known for the Horst-Wessel-Lied (Horst Wessel Song) he had written the lyrics to which was popularized after being made into a Nazi martyr by Joseph Goebbels following Wessel's murder (b. October 9, 1907) #dies by a gunshot fired by Communist and Red Front Fighters' League (KPD) goon Albrecht "Ali" Hohler, a heavily tattooed cabinetmaker, armed pimp, perjurer and petty criminal who had just recently been released from prison. Wessel was living with Erna Janicke, a 23-year-old ex-prostitute on the third floor of 62 Grosse Frankfurter Strasse (today Karl-Marx-Allee), whom he had met in a tavern not far from Alexanderplatz, a large public square and transport hub in the central Mitte district of Berlin. The consensus of opinion obviates that it is most likely Wessel earned money as Janicke's pimp. Wessel sublet the room from 29-year-old Elisabeth Salm, whose late husband had been an active Communist Red Front Fighter, although she described herself as apolitical. After a few months, there was a dispute between landlady Salm and Wessel over unpaid rent in which Salm claimed that Wessel threatened her. Salm - who may have feared that she could lose them if Janicke, who she assumed was a working prostitute, was found to be living there - wanted Janicke to leave, but she refused to, so on the evening of January 14, 1930, Salm appealed to Communist friends of her late husband for help. At first the Communists were not interested in helping Salm, as she was not well-liked by them because she had given her husband a church funeral instead of allowing the KPD to give him the standard burial rite used for members of the Red Front Fighters' League, but when they realized that Horst Wessel was involved in the dispute they agreed to beat him up and get him out of Salm's flat by force. Knowing they needed a tough guy, they sent word to a nearby tavern that they needed Ali Hohler. At around 10 p.m. that evening, Hohler and his accomplice Erwin Ruckert, another member of the KPD, knocked at the front door of Wessel and Janicke's room, while the remainder of the gang of at least a dozen men waited on the street outside. When Wessel, who was expecting a visit from the leader of another SA Sturm group, opened the door, he was almost immediately shot at point-blank range. Although it was later claimed that Wessel had attempted to draw a gun and so had been shot in self-defense, this was denied by eyewitnesses, who said that Wessel had no time to react. The attackers searched the room, removed a pistol from the wardrobe and a rubber truncheon, and then fled the scene, meeting up with the rest of the men in the street. The entire group then returned to their usual nighttime activities. Even as Wessel was lying seriously wounded in hospital, Goebbels was already releasing reports asserting that those who had carried out the attack were "degenerate communist subhumans". Wessel received medical attention and recovered somewhat, but eventually died in hospital on 23 February from blood poisoning he contracted in hospital. Following his death, the National Socialists and Communists offered different accounts of the events. The police, led by Chief Inspector Teichmann, and several courts determined that both political and private reasons had led to Wessel's assassination, and the police had announced that Hohler, whom Janicke had identified as the gunman, was their prime suspect. It was then reported by a non-Nazi and non-Communist newspaper that Janicke knew Hohler prior to the murder because Wessel had used her to spy on her former clients who were Communists. The Communists, in turn, claimed that Hohler had been Janicke's pimp until Wessel stole her from him, and that this was the motive behind the shooting. Janicke denied these stories, saying that she had never been a spy for Wessel, and that she knew Hohler only as an "acquaintance from the streets". The police and courts believed her, and Hohler was quickly arrested. After a trial, he was sentenced to six years imprisonment for the shooting; the light sentence was the result of the court's finding of extenuating circumstances. Seven accomplices were also found guilty and sentenced to jail. Three years later, after the Nazi ascension to national power in 1933, Hohler was taken out of prison under false pretenses by then Gestapo chief Rudolf Diels and members of the SA, and illegally executed. On April 10 1935, five years after Wessel's assassination, and two years after the SA murder of Hohler, two persons accused of being involved in Wessel's killing were put on trial and subsequently beheaded in Berlin's Plotzensee Prison: Sally Epstein, a Jewish painter, and Hans Ziegler, a barber. The two had been arrested in August 1933, and were put on trial in May 1934 with a third defendant, Peter Stoll, a tailor. In 2009, the sentences against all three of them were rescinded by the Berlin public prosecutor's office. Goebbels had been looking for someone to turn into a martyr for the Nazi cause. His first attempt was with Albert Leo Schlageter, a member of the Freikorps and a saboteur who was caught attempting to blow up a train in the Ruhr region while it was under occupation by French troops in retaliation for Germany's not making its schedule of reparation payments. Schlageter was executed by the French, and his gravesite later became a Nazi shrine. There were also the 16 Nazis who had died during the Beer Hall Putsch, and would have a memorial built for them in Munich which was required to be saluted when passing by, and who were honored with a public ceremony every year when the Putsch was remembered. With two other party members who headed the list that the party later made of "Those Members of the Movement Who Have Been Murdered", Goebbels did not even make an effort to martyr them. Goebbels saw in Wessel's shooting the possibility of a propaganda bonanza. He eulogized Wessel in his newspaper, Der Angriff, in overtly Christian tones: "A Christian Socialist! A man who calls out through his deeds: 'Come to me, I shall redeem you!' ... A divine element works in him. making him the man he is and causing him to act in this way and no other. One man must set an example and offer himself up as a sacrifice! Well, then, I am ready!" Goebbel's plan was to turn Wessel's funeral into a mass demonstration full of speeches and processions of SA men in uniform, but he could not get the necessary police permits to do so, even after Wessel's sister requested President Paul von Hindenburg to relent. Wessel was buried in Berlin on March 1, 1930. Contrary to Nazi claims, there were no attacks on the funeral procession, which Goebbels claimed was watched by 30,000 people. The funeral was filmed and turned into a major propaganda event by the Nazi Party. Wessel was elevated by Goebbels' propaganda apparatus to the status of leading martyr of the Nazi movement. Many of Goebbels's most effective propaganda speeches were made at gravesides, but Wessel received unusual attention among the many unremembered storm troopers. In an editorial in the Volkischer Beobachter ("People's Observer"), Alfred Rosenberg wrote of how Wessel was not dead, but had joined a combat group that still struggled with them; afterwards, Nazis spoke of how a man who died in conflict had joined "Horst Wessel's combat group" or were "summoned to Horst Wessel's standard". The Prussian police had outlawed public gatherings and the display of swastikas at the funeral procession, with the exception of a few Nazi Party vehicles. Wessel's coffin was paraded through large parts of the center of Berlin in a procession that took many hours. As the coffin reached Bulowplatz (now Rosa-Luxemburg-Platz), Communist hecklers began singing "The Internationale" in an attempt to disrupt the event. The police were unable to prevent abusive shouts and, at some points, flying rocks. No major clashes occurred, although someone had written "To Wessel the pimp, a last Heil Hitler" in white paint on the cemetery wall. In attendance of Wessel's funeral was Goebbels, who delivered the eulogy, Franz Pfeffer von Salomon, Hermann Goring, and Prince August Wilhelm of Prussia. Prior to the event, Goebbels and Goring had discussed the possibility of Hitler attending. In his diary entry on the day of the funeral, Goebbels recalled: "Hitler isn't coming. Had the situation explained to him over the telephone and he actually declined. Oh well". Goebbels blamed Rudolf Hess for preventing Hitler from coming, but, in reality, Hitler's decision not to come was based on the advice he received from Goring that the danger of an attack on Hitler in the heart of "Red Berlin" was too great. Although Goebbels could not get Hitler to attend Wessel's funeral, Hitler did speak at Wessel's grave three years after his death, on January 22, 1933, for the dedication of a memorial. Hitler called Wessel a "blood witness" whose song had become "a battle hymn for millions". He said that Wessel's sacrifice of his life was "a monument more lasting than stone and bronze". Sixteen thousand members of the Berlin and Brandenburg SA and SS marched past the Communist Party headquarters on Bulowplatz (now the Rosa-Luxemburg-Platz) - the Karl Liebknecht House - in a deliberately provocative act that Goebbels was very proud of having staged, calling it a "terrible defeat" for the Communists and "a proud and heroic victory of the SA on behalf of the party". He felt that the Communists had "a loss of prestige that could never again be made good", as they were relegated to fuming on the side streets. Once the "enormous procession ... led by Hitler, Goebbels, Ernst Rohm, and other top officials of the [party], ... marched to the St. Nicholas Cemetery ... Hitler spoke of Wessel's death as a symbolic sacrifice." That night, Hitler addressed a memorial service at the Berlin Sportpalast, at which the "Funeral March" from Richard Wagner's Gotterdammerung was played, and the stage was set as an altar made from "laurel trees, branches, candelabra and a larger-than-lifesize portrait of Wessel". Hitler lavished praise on "those fanatics who are consumed by the great task of their age" - "fanaticism" being a positive virtue among the Nazis - "who live for that task and who die for it ... [they would] later be not only the martyrs of their struggle but also the seed from which the subsequent harvest [would come]". Three months later, on March 21, 1933, elaborate celebrations organized by Goebbels were held on Potsdam Day for the inauguration of a new Reichstag. The day began with services at both the Catholic and Lutheran churches there, but Hitler and Goebbels did not attend. Instead, they laid wreaths at the graves of various Nazi "martyrs of the revolution", including Wessel's. The death of Wessel and the proliferation of the "Horst Wessel Song" was an extension of the Nazi cult of martyrs, which included Freikorps member Leo Schlageter and the 19 Nazis killed in the Beer Hall Putsch of 1923, who were reburied in Munich with great fanfare on November 8, 1935. Goebbels continued to use Wessel's martyrdom as a propaganda device for years. At the 1934 Nuremberg Party Rally, a group of Hitler Youth sang an anti-Christian song which included the lines "We don't need any Christian truth ... We follow not Christ but Horst Wessel". Wessel's name was frequently invoked by the Nazis to bolster core tenets of National Socialist ideology during the remaining existence of Nazi Germany. For example, a wartime article from the Nazi-owned Volkischer Beobachter newspaper called Wessel "the hero of the Brown Revolution" and referred to his "sacrificial death" that "passionately inflamed millions who followed". The paper further referred to Wessel as "the driving force behind the struggle for freedom of the armed services and the homeland of the Greater German Reich". Wessel played the schalmei (Martinstrompete), a single-reed brass instrument which was played in groups called Schalmeienkapellen ("Schalmeien orchestras or bands"), and which is still used in folk celebrations. Wessel founded an "SA Schalmeienkapelle" band, which provided music during SA events. In early 1929, Wessel wrote the lyrics for a new Nazi fight song Kampflied ("fight song"), which was first published in Goebbels's newspaper Der Angriff in September, under the title Der Unbekannte SA-Mann ("The Unknown SA-Man"). The song later became known as Die Fahne Hoch ("Raise the Flag") and finally the "Horst-Wessel-Lied" ("Horst Wessel Song"). The Nazis made it their official anthem, and, after they came to power, the co-national anthem of Nazi Germany, along with the first stanza of the Deutschlandlied (also known as Deutschland Uber Alles). The song was also played in some Protestant places of worship, as some elements of the Protestant Church in Germany had accepted and promulgated the Horst Wessel cult, built as it was by Goebbels on the model of Christian martyrs of the past. It was later claimed by the Nazis that Wessel also wrote the music to the song, but it was considered more likely that the tune was in reality adapted from a World War I German Imperial Navy song, and was probably originally a folk song. The authorship of the melody was finally determined by a German court in 1937 as not by Wessel. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-twisted-cross-dvd-hitler39s-nazi-germany-rise-and-fa39.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Scarlett O'Hara War 1980 Tony Curtis Bill Macy DVD, Download, USB

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1889: #BOTD: #HBD! Victor Fleming, American film director, producer, and cinematographer, most popular films for his 1939 films Gone With The Wind, for which he won an Academy Award for Best Director, and The Wizard of Oz, both of which are listed in the top 10 of the American Film Institute's 2007 AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies list (d. January 6, 1949) is #born Victor Lonzo Fleming at the Banbury Ranch near what is now La Canada Flintridge, California. Victor Fleming died en route to a hospital in Cottonwood, Arizona after suffering a heart attack, aged 59. He is buried at Hollywood Forever Cemetery in Hollywood. His death occurred on Joan of Arc's traditional birthdate shortly after completing his film Joan of Arc (1948) with Ingrid Bergman, one of the few films that he did not make for MGM. Despite mixed reviews, Fleming's film version of the life of Joan received seven Oscar nominations, winning two. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-scarlett-o39hara-war-tv-movie-19391980.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: It Was Twenty Years Ago Today: 1967 & Sgt. Pepper DVD MP4 USB Drive

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1940: #BOTD: #HBD! Peter Fonda, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. August 16, 2019) is #born Peter Henry Fonda in New York City, the only son of actor Henry Fonda (1905-1982) and his wife Frances Ford Seymour (1908-1950). He was the younger brother of Jane Fonda and father of Bridget Fonda. He was a part of the counterculture of the 1960s. Fonda was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for Easy Rider (1969), and the Academy Award for Best Actor for Ulee's Gold (1997). For the latter, he won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama. Fonda also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor - Series, Miniseries or Television Film for The Passion of Ayn Rand (1999). Peter Fonda died of respiratory failure caused by lung cancer at his home in Los Angeles at the age of 79. Following Fonda's death, his sister Jane Fonda said "I am very sad. He was my sweet-hearted baby brother. The talker of the family. I have had beautiful alone time with him these last days. He went out laughing." His remains were cremated at Pierce Brothers Westwood Village Memorial Park and Mortuary in Los Angeles, California, and scattered by his family at an undisclosed location. https://store.earthstation1.com/it-was-20-years-ago-today-1967-and-sgt-pepp201967.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The March Of Time Newsreel Set 1933-46 All 3 TV Series DVD, MP4, USB

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1946: #DOTD: Tomoyuki Yamashita, also known as Tomobumi Yamashita, Japanese general, commander of the successful invasion of Malaya and Singapore which victory earned him the sobriquet "The Tiger of Malaya" (b. November 8, 1885) #dies when he is executed by hanging, having been found guilty in a controversial war crimes trial for his troops' conduct during the Japanese defense of the occupied Philippines in 1944. Tomoyuki Yamashita (November 8, 1885 - February 23, 1946), also called Tomobumi Yamashita, was a Japanese general of the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II. Yamashita led Japanese forces during the invasion of Malaya and Battle Of Singapore, with his accomplishment of conquering Malaya and Singapore in 70 days earning him the sobriquet "The Tiger of Malaya" and led to the British Prime Minister, Winston Churchill, calling the ignominious Fall Of Singapore to Japan the "worst disaster" and "largest capitulation" in British military history. Yamashita was assigned to defend the Philippines from the advancing Allied forces later in the war, and while unable to prevent the Allied advance, he was able to hold on to part of Luzon until after the formal Surrender of Japan in August 1945. After the war, Yamashita was tried for war crimes committed by troops under his command during the Japanese defense of the occupied Philippines in 1944. In a controversial trial, Yamashita was found guilty of his troops' atrocities even though there was no evidence that he approved or even knew of them, and indeed many of the atrocities were committed by troops not actually under his command. Yamashita was sentenced to death and executed by hanging in 1946. The ruling against Yamashita - holding the commander responsible for subordinates' war crimes as long as the commander did not attempt to discover and stop them from occurring - came to be known as the Yamashita standard. Command responsibility, sometimes referred to as the Yamashita standard or the Medina standard, and also known as superior responsibility, is the legal doctrine of hierarchical accountability for war crimes. Yamashita's Gold, also referred to as The Yamashita Treasure, is the name given to the alleged war loot stolen in Southeast Asia by Imperial Japanese forces during World War II and supposedly hidden in caves, tunnels, or underground complexes in different cities in the Philippines. Though there are accounts that claim the treasure remains hidden in the Philippines and have lured treasure hunters from around the world for over 50 years, its existence has been dismissed by most experts. The rumored treasure was the subject of a complex lawsuit that was filed in a Hawaiian state court in 1988 involving a Filipino treasure hunter, Rogelio Roxas, and the former Philippine president, Ferdinand Marcos. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-march-of-time-dvd-set-all-3-tv-series-19334631933467.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Romantic Spirit TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1821: #DOTD: #RIP: John Keats, English Romantic poet (b. October 31, 1795) #dies of acute tuberculosis in Rome, Papal States, aged 25. His body is buried in the city's Protestant Cemetery. His last request was to be placed under a tombstone bearing no name or date, only the words, "Here lies One whose Name was writ in Water." His friends Joseph Severn, an English portrait and subject painter, and Charles Armitage Brown, erected the stone, which under a relief of a lyre with broken strings, includes the epitaph: "This Grave / contains all that was Mortal, / of a / YOUNG ENGLISH POET, / Who, / on his Death Bed, / in the Bitterness of his Heart, / at the Malicious Power of his Enemies, / Desired / these Words to be engraven on his Tomb Stone / Here lies One / Whose Name was writ in Water / Feb 24th 1821 (sic)". The text bears an echo from Catullus LXX:"What a woman says to a passionate lover / should be written in the wind and the running water". John Keats was one of the main figures of the second generation of Romantic poets, along with Lord Byron and Percy Bysshe Shelley, despite his works having been in publication for only four years before his death at age 25 in the year 1821. Although his poems were not generally well received by critics during his lifetime, his reputation grew after his death, and by the end of the 19th century, he had become one of the most beloved of all English poets. He had a significant influence on a diverse range of poets and writers. The poetry of Keats is characterised by sensual imagery, most notably in the series of odes that aimed to accentuate extreme emotion through the emphasis of natural imagery. Today his poems and letters are some of the most popular and most analysed in English literature. Some of the most acclaimed works of Keats are "I Stood Tip-toe Upon a Little Hill", "Sleep and Poetry", and the famous sonnet "On First Looking into Chapman's Homer". https://store.earthstation1.com/the-romantic-spirit-tv-series-all-14-episodes-5-dual-layer-d145.html

Today's EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The Divided Union: American Civil War TV Series MP4 Download DVD Set

Mon, 23 Feb 2026 07:11:00 PST

February 23, 1915: #DOTD: #RIP! Robert Smalls, African American politician, publisher, businessman, maritime pilot and Prince Hall Freemason (b. April 5, 1839) #dies of malaria and diabetes aged 75 in Beaufort, South Carolina. He is buried in his family's plot in the churchyard of the Tabernacle Baptist Church in downtown Beaufort. The monument to Smalls in this churchyard is inscribed with his 1895 statement to the South Carolina legislature: "My race needs no special defense, for the past history of them in this country proves them to be the equal of any people anywhere. All they need is an equal chance in the battle of life." Robert Smalls was born in Beaufort, South Carolina. Although born into slavery, Robert Smalls freed himself, his crew, and their families during the American Civil War by commandeering a Confederate transport ship, CSS Planter, in Charleston harbor, on May 13, 1862, and sailing it from Confederate-controlled waters of the harbor to the U.S. blockade that surrounded it. He then piloted the ship to the Union-controlled enclave in Beaufort-Port Royal-Hilton Head area, where it became a Union warship. His example and persuasion helped convince President Abraham Lincoln to accept African American soldiers into the Union Army. After the American Civil War he returned to Beaufort and became a politician, winning election as a Republican to the South Carolina Legislature and the United States House Of Representatives during the Reconstruction era. Smalls authored state legislation providing for South Carolina to have the first free and compulsory public school system in the United States. He founded the Republican Party of South Carolina. Smalls was the last Republican to represent South Carolina's 5th congressional district until the election of Mick Mulvaney in 2011. In the late 1890s, Smalls began to suffer from diabetes. He turned down an offer of a colonelcy of an African-American U.S. military regiment in the Spanish-American War and an appointment to the position of minister to Liberia. https://store.earthstation1.com/the-divided-union-american-civil-war-tv-series-3-dual-layer-dvd3.html